OIL SPILL PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN AUSTRALIA

1979 ◽  
Vol 1979 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
R. W. Manuell
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
Indigenous Production ◽  
Offshore Oil Production ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Spill Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Offshore Oil

ABSTRACT In 1976/77, Australian crude oil consumption was about 590,000 barrels per day (bpd), with indigenous production supplying 423,000 bpd. Some 223,000 bpd were moved by coastal tanker, 167,000 bpd were imported in overseas tankers, and the remainder was transported by pipeline. The Australian oil spill control situation differs from that commonly found in the northern hemisphere. The long coastline, low ratio of population to coastal distance, shipping route isolation, and the low shipping densities, dictated a dispersant-oriented approach to control when it was first contemplated in the 1960s. This paper describes the development of industry and government spill defence organisations, and the establishment of control techniques other than dispersion. The strategic location of materials and equipment, emergency response plans and responsibilities, and interrelationships among organisations are examined. The interface between offshore oil production and other coastal uses is discussed with some forecasts of future developments, including the implications for the very large Australian Fishing Zone which was recently established under current 200 nautical mile offshore proposals.

A Comparative Study on Emergency Materials and Equipment for Oil Spills

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 3039-3043
Author(s):  
Fan Jie Kong ◽  
Ming Xie ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Shu Shen Zhang ◽  
Su Ling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
And Control ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Increased Pressure

With increasing import and export volumes of oil products in China, port terminals are under increased pressure to prevent water pollution. The prevention of offshore oil spill accidents, and the remedial and control measures for such accidents are one of the most important aspects of maritime management, and are also major issues for the entire shipping industry. This paper describes different emergency materials and equipment for oil spill management and describes the use of these techniques in domestic and international ports. Suggested changes to port emergency materials and equipment are also described, based on the processing capabilities for oil spills in different situations, combined with the port's environmental characteristics and ecological situation

MARYLAND'S EXPERIENCE IN OIL SPILL PREVENTION AND CONTROL

1975 ◽  
Vol 1975 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Henry Silbermann ◽  
Edwin C. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Control Program ◽  
The State ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Spill Control ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT An existing spill prevention and response program is described utilizing staff of the state Water Resources Administration to enforce explicit oil pollution control laws and regulations, provide response to and assistance in oil spill containment and cleanup, and foster spill prevention attitudes and techniques. Special equipment designed and constructed by agency staff is detailed. Legislative history, state laws and regulations on oil spill prevention, and the Maryland oil industry are described as introduction to the spill prevention and control program itself. Emphasis is placed on spill prevention, based on the slogan, “The best oil pollution control is the spill that never happened.” Maryland petroleum industry representatives are directly involved in this program. With industry support, the state enacted in 1972 legislation establishing a schedule of licenses and license fees for oil terminal facilities, which must have an adequate spill control program. The Maryland Oil Disaster Containment, Cleanup and Contingency Fund is supported by license fees charged on an annual basis on oil storage facilities with storage capability greater than 3,000 barrels. The fees produce approximately $250,000 a year for use in spill prevention, control, and cleanup measures. Using a small staff, the Maryland Water Resources Administration has established an oil spill response program complete with (a) 24-hour, seven-day-a-week response capability to spills of oil and other hazardous materials, (b) construction and development of specially equipped oil spill control units, and (c) the stockpiling throughout the state of equipment and supplies for spill containment and removal. Local fire departments, which are mostly volunteer in the state, are an essential part of the oil spill response team. Other state agencies are also involved, with the total program coordinated by an oil spill coordinator and a staff of four.

PROJECT ON ELECTRONIC STEERING SYSYTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Shivam Dwivedi ◽  
Prof. Vikas Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Steering System ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Dynamics And Control ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Electronic Steering ◽  
And Control

As the four-wheel steering (4WS) system has great potentials, many researchers' attention was attracted to this technique and active research was made. As a result, passenger cars equipped with 4WS systems were put on the market a few years ago. This report tries to identify the essential elements of the 4WS technology in terms of vehicle dynamics and control techniques. Based on the findings of this investigation, the report gives a mechanism of electronically controlling the steering system depending on the variable pressure applied on it. This enhances the controlling and smoothens the operation of steering mechanism.

Optimization of well product pumpless transportation under offshore oil production conditions

2017 ◽  
pp. 140-142
Author(s):  
A.G. Akhmadeev ◽  
◽  
Pham Thanh Vinh ◽  
Bui Trong Han ◽  
Le Huu Toan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Production ◽  
Offshore Oil Production ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Production Conditions
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