STUDY ON THE BIODEGRADATION OF OIL SPILLED ON THE SEA

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 989-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Jianqiang ◽  
Zhu Junhuang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Spilled Oil

ABSTRACT Three major factors affecting the biodegradation of spilled oil (chemical composition of spilled oil, dissolved oxygen content in water, and nutrient elements for microorganisms) were analysed. The sequences of biodegradation rates of some hydrocarbon compounds are summarized. The oxygen demand for biodegradation of 1 g of hydrocarbons was derived as 3 to 4 g. The maximum ratio of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) that microorganisms need was suggested as C:N:P = 100:7:0.14.

Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Content on Gelling Strength of Chromium Gel in Block Hai 1

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
Peng Fei Yuan ◽  
Guang Sheng Cao ◽  
Xiao Ma ◽  
Xiao Ping Wang ◽  
Xin Tian
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Profile Control ◽  
Liaohe Oilfield ◽  
Weak Gel ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Implementation Effect ◽  
Gelling Time

Jinma company of Liaohe oilfield has carried out weak gel flooding in-depth in block Hai1 and achieved good effect. But in the process of profile and flooding, problems of gelation fluctuating and gelling rate declining seriously affected the implementation effect of the profile control and flooding project. It is researched that one of main factors affecting gelling effect of profile and flooding system is the dissolved oxygen. Aiming at this problem, this paper studies critical value affecting gelling in combination with the actual situation of polymer displacement in block Hai 1. The experimental results show that, content of dissolved oxygen affects both gelling strength and gelling time of weak gel in the way that when dissolved oxygen content is between 0mg/L and 3mg/L, low gelling strength and long gelling time are obtained, while in the range of 4mg/L-10mg/L, gelling effect is good. Two critical values are respective 1.5mg/L and 7mg/L.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Insoluble Particles in an Ice Cap on Storøya, Svalbard (Abstract)

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jost Heintzenberg ◽  
Margareta Källström ◽  
Hans-Christen Hansson ◽  
Stig Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Insoluble Particles ◽  
Major Factors

During the Ymer-80 expedition, a 6 m long ice core was taken on the low-lying ice cap Storøyjøkulen, Svalbard. Core samples of about 10 ml were filtered on 0.1 μm pore-size Nuclepore filters, for analysis with a soot photometer and by means of particle-induced X-ray emission, which yielded elemental carbon and about 15 metals in the insoluble microparticles. The concentrations were comparable to Arctic snow data from other locations. Multivariate statistical analysis of the chemical results indicates two major factors affecting microparticle composition: crustal and anthropogenic. A regular seasonal concentration pattern was found which is consistent with the c. 40 cm annual accumulation deduced from mass-balance studies on the ice cap.

scholarly journals Biotope Determinants of EPT Assamblages Structure – Târnava Watershed (Transylvania, Romania) Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Angela Curtean-Bănăduc
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Average Flow ◽  
Heterogeneous Structures ◽  
High Diversity

Abstract This study aims to analyze the biotopic factors affecting the EPT assemblage diversity in the rivers of the Târnava Watershed. Our research revealed that the high diversity of the Plecoptera communities is associated with river reaches with boulder and cobble lithological substrate, accentuated slope and natural bank dynamics, and also it is directly correlated with dissolved oxygen and inversely correlated with chemical and biochemical oxygen demand, total hardness, nitrates and total nitrogen in the water. The high diversity of the Trichoptera communities is associated with water which presents moderate quantities of nutrients (total phosphorus, phosphates) and with river reaches with heterogeneous structures (where runs and bends were present). The diversity of the Ephemeroptera communities is positively correlated with the multiannual average flow and riverbed width.

Oxygen budget for an urban estuary

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
DW Connell ◽  
HC Morton ◽  
BM Bycroft
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Benthic Respiration ◽  
Oxygen Budget ◽  
Urban Estuary ◽  
Benthic Sediments ◽  
Plant Respiration

Various processes affecting the dissolved oxygen content of waters of the Norman Creek estuary, Brisbane, were measured or estimated and standardized for the mid tide daylight situation. Over a 9-week period, accrual, aeration and photosynthetic processes resulted in the daily addition of 76,225 and 214 kg oxygen, respectively, and export, deaeration, biochemical oxygen demand, plant respiration and benthic respiration in the daily loss of 30, 89, 91, 97 and 335 kg oxygen, respectively. These processes are highly dynamic, with substantial daily turnover in the water mass. Benthic sediments; enriched with organic matter, exercise a major influence on the dissolved oxygen content of the water.

scholarly journals Ecological characteristic of water in the Eastern Bosporus Strait by oxygen parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Nadezhda K. Khristoforova ◽  
Alexander A. Emelyanov ◽  
Ksenia S. Berdasova ◽  
Yulia E. Degteva
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Peter The Great Bay ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
High Water ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
University Campus ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Peter The Great

Spatial distribution and seasonal variability of the basic ecological parameters for marine water, as dissolved oxygen content, biochemical oxygen demand, and permanganate oxidizability are considered for the Eastern Bosporus Strait (Peter the Great Bay, Japan Sea) on the data obtained in autumn, spring and summer seasons of 2013-2014, with special attention to the Ajax and Paris Bights of Russky Island on the southern coast of the Strait, changed significantly after construction of new university campus and marine aquarium. Normal oxygen regime is observed over the whole strait in autumn, but cases of low dissolved oxygen content, close to the minimal permissible level, are revealed in spring and summer. This phenomenon is an important feature of environmental conditions in the Strait in the warm period. It is possibly reasoned by general pollution of marine environments by sewage water, high water temperature, and relatively high concentration of suspended matter caused by active water circulation in the narrow strait and heavy rains. However, there is no any specific anthropogenic impact on the oxygen content in the Ajax and Paris Bights.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Modelling and Qualitative Analysis of a Real Chemostat with Pulse Feeding

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Kaibiao Sun ◽  
Andrzej Kasperski ◽  
Lansun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Impulsive Control ◽  
Substrate Inhibition ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
State Feedback Control ◽  
Period 2

The control of substrate concentration in the bioreactor medium should be due to the substrate inhibition phenomenon. Moreover, the oxygen demand in a bioreactor should be lower than the dissolved oxygen content. The biomass concentration is one of the most important factors which affect the oxygen demand. In order to maintain the dissolved oxygen content in an appropriate range, the biomass concentration should not exceed a critical level. Based on the design ideas, a mathematical model of a chemostat with Monod-type kinetics and impulsive state feedback control for microorganisms of any biomass yield is proposed in this paper. By the existence criteria of periodic solution of a general planar impulsive autonomous system, the conditions for the existence of period-1 solution of the system are obtained. The results simplify the choice of suitable operating conditions for continuous culture systems. It also points out that the system is not chaotic according to the analysis on the existence of period-2 solution. The results and numerical simulations show that the chemostat system with state impulsive control tends to a stable state or a period solution.

The Oxygen Supply to Salmon Eggs in Spawning Beds

1954 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Percy Wickett
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Flow Section ◽  
Apparent Velocity ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Salmon Eggs ◽  
Controlled Flow

By using standpipes set 12 inches into the stream bottom the oxygen content and apparent velocity of the gravel water in the controlled-flow section of Nile Creek were observed. Values of dissolved oxygen content and velocity that just supply the full oxygen demand of salmon eggs were defined. The high mortalities of chum salmon eggs in the pre-eyed stage, that have been found in certain areas, may be explained on the basis that oxygen demands of 0.00013 to 0.0003 mg./egg/hr. at temperatures of 0.1° to 8.2 °C. were not being met, owing to very low oxygen content or very low apparent velocity of the water in the gravel. Values as low as 0.2 p.p.m. and 2 mm./hr. were recorded. A portable gravel-water sampler is described, which can be used (1) to obtain samples of subsurface water for the determination of dissolved oxygen; and (2) to calculate apparent velocity of gravel water from rate of dilution of an added dye.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Insoluble Particles in an Ice Cap on Storøya, Svalbard (Abstract)

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
Jost Heintzenberg ◽  
Margareta Källström ◽  
Hans-Christen Hansson ◽  
Stig Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Insoluble Particles ◽  
Major Factors

During the Ymer-80 expedition, a 6 m long ice core was taken on the low-lying ice cap Storøyjøkulen, Svalbard. Core samples of about 10 ml were filtered on 0.1 μm pore-size Nuclepore filters, for analysis with a soot photometer and by means of particle-induced X-ray emission, which yielded elemental carbon and about 15 metals in the insoluble microparticles. The concentrationswere comparable to Arctic snow data from other locations. Multivariate statistical analysis of the chemical results indicates two major factors affecting microparticle composition: crustal and anthropogenic. A regular seasonal concentration pattern was found which is consistent with the c. 40 cm annual accumulation deduced from mass-balance studies on the ice cap.

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