scholarly journals Sub-fractions from Carica Papaya Seed Extracts Can Prevent Potassium Bromate- induced Changes in Activities of Renal Brush Border Membrane Enzymes and Some Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Kidney of Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M. A. Kanadi ◽  
A. J. Alhassan ◽  
A. I. Yaradua ◽  
A. Nasir ◽  
A. M. Wudil
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Renal Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Carica Papaya Seed ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Enzymes Of Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Papaya Seed

Aim: To investigate the effect of the chromatographic fractions of Carica papaya seed on KBrO3 –induced reduction in the activities of renal brush border membrane (BBM) marker enzymes and the changes in activities of some enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in the kidney of rats. Study Design: twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, five rats per group; normal control, KBrO3 control, papaya fraction control and KBrO3 group administered with 126mg/kg body weight of the most active fraction of partially purified methanol extract of C. papaya for 48 hours. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria. Methodology: The activities of renal BBM marker enzymes: γ-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, maltase and leucine aminopeptidase were assayed in homogenates of renal cortex and medulla, and in brush border membrane vesicle (BBMV) isolated from cortex using standard methods. Furthermore, activities of the following enzymes representing different pathways of carbohydrate metabolism were determined in renal homogenates: hexokinase (HK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glucose 6-phosphatase (G6P), fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and malic enzyme (ME). Results: KBrO3 administration significantly (P<0.05) decreases the activities of all the BBM marker enzymes in renal homogenates and BBMV. It also decreases the activities of MDH, G6P, FBP and G6PD, and significantly increases (P<0.05) that of HK, LDH and ME in renal homogenates however co-administration of most active fraction of C. papaya  seed prevented all the KBrO3 -induced changes in these biochemical parameters. Conclusion: Chromatographic fractions of C. papaya seed extract possesses potent phytochemicals that could prevent KBrO3 –induced reduction in activities of renal BBM marker enzymes and the changes in enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism studied and therefore could be analyzed further to isolate the bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Influence of Ramadan-type fasting on enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and brush border membrane in small intestine and liver of rat used as a model

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1087-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelam Farooq ◽  
Shubha Priyamvada ◽  
N. A. Arivarasu ◽  
Samina Salim ◽  
Farah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphatase ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Enzymes Of Carbohydrate Metabolism

During Ramadan, Muslims the world over abstain from food and water from dawn to sunset for a month. We hypothesised that this unique model of prolonged intermittent fasting would result in specific intestinal and liver metabolic adaptations and hence alter metabolic activities. The effect of Ramadan-type fasting was studied on enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and the brush border membrane of intestine and liver from rat used as a model. Rats were fasted (12 h) and then refed (12 h) daily for 30 d, as practised by Muslims during Ramadan. Ramadan-type fasting caused a significant decline in serum glucose, cholesterol and lactate dehydrogenase activity, whereas inorganic phosphate increased but blood urea N was not changed. Fasting resulted in increased activities of intestinal lactate (+34 %), isocitrate (+63 %), succinate (+83 %) and malate (+106 %) dehydrogenases, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (+17 %) and glucose-6-phosphatase (+22 %). Liver lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase activities were also enhanced. However, the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme fell significantly in the intestine but increased in liver. Although the activities of alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and sucrase decreased in mucosal homogenates and brush border membrane, those of liver alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and leucine aminopeptidase significantly increased. These changes were due to a respective decrease and increase of the maximal velocities of the enzyme reactions. Ramadan-type fasting caused similar effects whether the rats fasted with a daytime or night-time feeding schedule. The present results show a tremendous adaptation capacity of both liver and intestinal metabolic activities with Ramadan-type fasting in rats used as a model for Ramadan fasting in people.

Effect of cisplatin on renal brush border membrane enzymes and phosphate transport

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 547-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabiha Fatima ◽  
Ahad Noor Khan Yusufi ◽  
Riaz Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Phosphate Transport ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Renal Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose ◽  
Dependent Transport ◽  
Renal Brush Border

Cisplatin (CDDP) is widely used in the treatment of various cancers but its clinical use is associated with dose limiting nephrotoxicity. The present work was carried out to study the effect of administration of CDDP on rat renal brush border membrane (BBM) marker enzymes and inorganic phosphate (Pi) transport across BBM vesicles (BBMV). Animals were administered a single intraperitoneal dose of CDDP (6 mg/kg body weight) or normal saline and then sacrificed 2, 4, 8 and 16 days after this treatment. The administration of CDDP resulted in increased serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels and decreased activity of BBM marker enzymes in the BBM as well as in the homogenates of cortex and medulla. Kinetic studies showed that the Vmax of the enzymes was decreased in BBM from CDDP treated rats while the Km remained unchanged. The Na+-gradient dependent transport of Pi across BBMV was also significantly reduced after CDDP treatment. These results strongly suggest that the administration of a single nephrotoxic dose of CDDP results in impairment of the functions of renal BBM.

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