Effect of Fasting on Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Brush Border Membrane and on Transport Functions in Superficial and Juxta-Medullary Cortex of Rat Kidney

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samina Salim ◽  
Zeba Farooqui ◽  
Mohammad Asghar ◽  
Syed Jalal Khundmiri ◽  
Farah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Enzymes Of Carbohydrate Metabolism

scholarly journals Influence of Ramadan-type fasting on enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and brush border membrane in small intestine and liver of rat used as a model

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1087-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelam Farooq ◽  
Shubha Priyamvada ◽  
N. A. Arivarasu ◽  
Samina Salim ◽  
Farah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphatase ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Enzymes Of Carbohydrate Metabolism

During Ramadan, Muslims the world over abstain from food and water from dawn to sunset for a month. We hypothesised that this unique model of prolonged intermittent fasting would result in specific intestinal and liver metabolic adaptations and hence alter metabolic activities. The effect of Ramadan-type fasting was studied on enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and the brush border membrane of intestine and liver from rat used as a model. Rats were fasted (12 h) and then refed (12 h) daily for 30 d, as practised by Muslims during Ramadan. Ramadan-type fasting caused a significant decline in serum glucose, cholesterol and lactate dehydrogenase activity, whereas inorganic phosphate increased but blood urea N was not changed. Fasting resulted in increased activities of intestinal lactate (+34 %), isocitrate (+63 %), succinate (+83 %) and malate (+106 %) dehydrogenases, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (+17 %) and glucose-6-phosphatase (+22 %). Liver lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase activities were also enhanced. However, the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme fell significantly in the intestine but increased in liver. Although the activities of alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and sucrase decreased in mucosal homogenates and brush border membrane, those of liver alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and leucine aminopeptidase significantly increased. These changes were due to a respective decrease and increase of the maximal velocities of the enzyme reactions. Ramadan-type fasting caused similar effects whether the rats fasted with a daytime or night-time feeding schedule. The present results show a tremendous adaptation capacity of both liver and intestinal metabolic activities with Ramadan-type fasting in rats used as a model for Ramadan fasting in people.

scholarly journals Influence of Ramadan-type fasting on carbohydrate metabolism, brush border membrane enzymes and phosphate transport in rat kidney used as a model

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 984-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samina Salim ◽  
Neelam Farooq ◽  
Shubha Priyamvada ◽  
Mohammad Asghar ◽  
Syed Jalal Khundmiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Phosphate Transport ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Positive Balance

Ramadan fasting is a unique model of fasting in which Muslims the world over abstain from food and water from dawn to sunset for 1 month. We hypothesized that this model of prolonged intermittent fasting would result in specific adaptive alterations in rat kidney to keep a positive balance of metabolites and inorganic phosphate (Pi). The effect of Ramadan-type fasting was studied on enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and brush border membrane (BBM) and BBM uptake of 32Pi in different renal tissue zones in the rat model. Rats were fasted (12 h) and then re-fed (12 h) daily for 30 d similar to human Ramadan fasting. Ramadan-type fasting resulted in increased serum Pi and phospholipids, whereas Pi clearance decreased. Serum creatinine and its clearance were not affected. Fasting caused a significant decrease in the activities of lactate and malate dehydrogenases, glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, both in the renal cortex and medulla. However, the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase profoundly increased but that of malic enzyme decreased. The activities of alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in BBM decreased, whereas transport of 32Pi significantly increased. The decrease in enzyme activities and increase in 32Pi transport were due to alterations of both maximal velocities and relative affinities. The results indicate that Ramadan-type fasting caused specific metabolic alterations with enhanced Pi conservation in different kidney tissues in a rat model used for Ramadan fasting in man.

scholarly journals Sub-fractions from Carica Papaya Seed Extracts Can Prevent Potassium Bromate- induced Changes in Activities of Renal Brush Border Membrane Enzymes and Some Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Kidney of Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M. A. Kanadi ◽  
A. J. Alhassan ◽  
A. I. Yaradua ◽  
A. Nasir ◽  
A. M. Wudil
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Renal Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Carica Papaya Seed ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Enzymes Of Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Papaya Seed

Aim: To investigate the effect of the chromatographic fractions of Carica papaya seed on KBrO3 –induced reduction in the activities of renal brush border membrane (BBM) marker enzymes and the changes in activities of some enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in the kidney of rats. Study Design: twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, five rats per group; normal control, KBrO3 control, papaya fraction control and KBrO3 group administered with 126mg/kg body weight of the most active fraction of partially purified methanol extract of C. papaya for 48 hours. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria. Methodology: The activities of renal BBM marker enzymes: γ-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, maltase and leucine aminopeptidase were assayed in homogenates of renal cortex and medulla, and in brush border membrane vesicle (BBMV) isolated from cortex using standard methods. Furthermore, activities of the following enzymes representing different pathways of carbohydrate metabolism were determined in renal homogenates: hexokinase (HK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glucose 6-phosphatase (G6P), fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and malic enzyme (ME). Results: KBrO3 administration significantly (P<0.05) decreases the activities of all the BBM marker enzymes in renal homogenates and BBMV. It also decreases the activities of MDH, G6P, FBP and G6PD, and significantly increases (P<0.05) that of HK, LDH and ME in renal homogenates however co-administration of most active fraction of C. papaya  seed prevented all the KBrO3 -induced changes in these biochemical parameters. Conclusion: Chromatographic fractions of C. papaya seed extract possesses potent phytochemicals that could prevent KBrO3 –induced reduction in activities of renal BBM marker enzymes and the changes in enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism studied and therefore could be analyzed further to isolate the bioactive compounds.

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