Radiographic Anatomy of the Canine Appendicular Skeleton

Objectives: Being the most common pet in Africa, the dog is often subject to various diseases, especially appendicular. A good knowledge of the normal radiographic anatomy is an important support for the clinician for the interpretation of radiographic pictures of the appendicular skeleton. The aim of this study was to produce a radio-anatomical atlas of the appendicular skeleton of the dog in order to facilitate the understanding and interpretation of radiographic images of the dog. Methodology: For this purpose, radiographs were performed on all regions of the limbs of healthy dogs received at the radiology room. Results: At the end of the study, the best normal radiographs by anatomical region and by incidence of normal limb radiographs, were selected constituting a reference database of radiographic anatomy of this animal. Each radiograph is commented and annotated, facilitating the understanding of the pictures. Conclusion: These radiographs will serve as a basis for the interpretation of radiographic images of the appendicular skeleton in the dog. Decrease medical as well as financial burden, hence improving the management of cirrhotic patients. These predictors, however, need further work to validate reliability.

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Radiographic Anatomy of the Abdomen of Local Breed Dogs

Asian Journal of Medicine and Health ◽

10.9734/ajmah/2021/v19i630332 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Kabkia Dieudoné ◽

Kadja Mireille ◽

Gbande Pihou ◽

Sonhaye Lantam ◽

Agba Kondi

Keyword(s):

Reference Database ◽

Radiographic Images ◽

Local Breed ◽

Anatomical Region ◽

Healthy Dogs ◽

Anatomical Atlas ◽

Complementary Examination ◽

Anatomical Area

Objectives: The anatomical area that constitutes the abdomen is an area that is often subject to serious conditions. These diseases can affect the digestive and urogenital systems and radiography is a complementary examination of choice to refine the diagnosis. This study had for objective, to realize a radio anatomical atlas of the Abdomen in order to facilitate the comprehension and the interpretation of the radiographic pictures of the dog. Methodology: To do this, radiographs were performed on the Abdomen of 30 healthy dogs including 15 females and 15 males, (all of local breed) received at the radiology room. Results: At the end of the study, the best normal pictures by anatomical region and by incidence of the normal pictures of the Abdomen, were selected constituting a reference database in radiographic anatomy of this animal. Each radiograph is commented and annotated, facilitating the understanding of the images. These radiographic images will serve as a basis for the interpretation of radiographic images of the abdomen in the dog. Conclusion: These radiographs will serve as a basis for the interpretation of radiographic images of the abdomen of the dog.

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P107 Can a computer sense the symptoms of osteoarthritis from a radiograph? Initial findings from a pilot, AI approach to osteoarthritis assessment

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keab247.104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Nicholas R Fuggle ◽

Diogo Pinto Pereira ◽

Elaine M Dennison ◽

Cyrus Cooper ◽

Sasan Mahmoodi

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Rank Order ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Joint Disease ◽

X Rays ◽

Radiographic Images ◽

Pairwise Correlation ◽

Pain Symptoms ◽

Anterior Posterior

Abstract Background/Aims Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease and is associated with substantial morbidity for the affected individual and a significant financial burden for the health system at large. There is a marked discrepancy between the extent of osteoarthritis observed via plain radiography and the magnitude of clinical symptoms. For this reason we aimed to investigate whether, using an artificial intelligence approach, we could train an algorithm to diagnose osteoarthritis and if we were able to find correlations between clinical symptoms and radiographic images. Methods Anterior-posterior and lateral radiographic images of the knees and hips were ascertained from members of the Hertfordshire Cohort Study (HCS, a group of community-dwelling older adults in the UK) and were merged with anterior-posterior knee X-rays obtained from Mendeley (a repository of open-access images). The HCS contributed 1,445 images, which were equally split into training and testing sets, and the Mendeley cohort provided 2,889 training and 828 testing radiographs. The radiographic images were passed through a detection network in order to identify the region of interest (the knee or hip joint), thereby streamlining the necessary information in the image. Next, a classification network was trained with the goal of differentiating the Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade for each joint. Finally, the clinical symptoms and radiographic grading was subject to pairwise correlation, using Spearman rank-order correlation. Results The HCS sample included 222 males and 221 females with a mean age of 76 years (SD 2.6). In terms of detection of the join, an average accuracy of 99% was achieved. The classification task utilised alternative evaluation metrics, with the best network achieving 58% accuracy, 63% average precision and 61% average recall in the KL grading task. Superior results were obtained with knee joints than hips. However, when using the dichotomous outcomes of ‘osteoarthritis’ (defined by a KL ≥ 2) or ‘no osteoarthritis’, the results significantly improved, obtaining an accuracy of 81.2%. Significant correlations were observed between the majority of pain symptoms and the radiograph images, with the strongest correlations seen at the knees with; pain going up or down stairs (rho 0.30), pain standing upright (rho 0.30), pain walking on hard surface (rho 0.28), pain walking on uneven surface (rho 0.31) and pain standing from chair (rho -0.30). Conclusion To conclude, in this pilot study, we have trained an algorithm, to diagnose osteoarthritis of the knees and hips with limited accuracy. We have also demonstrated moderate correlations with some specific pain symptoms. It will be interesting to see whether these initial findings are replicated as we expand this project into other cohorts. Disclosure N.R. Fuggle: None. D. Pinto Pereira: None. E.M. Dennison: None. C. Cooper: None. S. Mahmoodi: None.

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The use of folic acid in the prevention of spinal bifida

Romanian Neurosurgery ◽

10.33962/roneuro-2019-037 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 200-214

Author(s):

Eghosa Morgan ◽

Nosa Akpede ◽

Emmanuel Friday Osagiede ◽

Vivian Ajekweneh ◽

Francis Erah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Folic Acid ◽

Demographic Variable ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Good Practice ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Women Of Childbearing Age ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Periconceptional Period

Background. Spinal Bifida is a congenital malformation of the spine that typified defect of the neural tube with devastating neurological, psychosocial and developmental burden to the growing child with associated huge financial burden to the parents, community and the country. Past and present studies have shown strong evidence to indicate that folic acid supplementation during the periconceptional period reduces the occurrence of spinal bifida in children.Aim. To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of use of folic acid during the periconceptional period among women of childbearing age in two rural communities in Edo State, Nigeria.Materials and methods. A prospective cross-sectional study of 170 women between the ages of 15 and 49 years recruited through a multi-stage sampling technique. The survey instrument was a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 and presented as charts, tables, and associations tested with Chi-square at a statistical level of significance set at p<0.05.Results. One hundred and twenty-two (71.8%) of the respondents showed good knowledge, 147(86.5%) had a positive attitude, and 106 (62.4%) had a good practice of use of folic acid. There was a statistically significant association between respondents’ age, marital status, level of education, occupation, and their knowledge of the use of folic acid as well as with their attitude towards the use of folic acid. However, the practice was mainly associated with the socio-demographic variable of each household.Conclusion. The use of folic acid during the perinatal period for the prevention of spinal bifida is found to be absent in about two-fifths of the study population, a number found to be alarming despite the high level of good knowledge and attitude towards the use of folic acid. There is, therefore, an urgent need to step up more advocacy and health education to women of childbearing age to increase the uptake of folic acid for effective reduction of the incidence of spinal bifida.

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Study to assess diabetic foot care awareness in a selected community

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20204661 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 3623

Author(s):

Someshwara Rao Pallela Narayana

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Foot ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Foot Ulcers ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Foot Care ◽

Poor Knowledge ◽

History Of ◽

Foot Problems

Background: As burden of diabetes is increasing in India, so are the foot problems associated with it. Diabetic foot conditions leading to amputation are just tip of the iceberg. Patients do not present early with the complaints, hence resulting in complications. Awareness of foot care is essential in diabetes management. This prompted us to know how much is the foot care awareness among diabetic patients.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in 120 diabetic patients selected by purposive non probability sampling method from OPD in a teaching hospital. All the patients were given a pretested questionnaire related to foot care. Total 10 questions were given each scoring one point. Patients scoring above 5 were considered good score and less than 5 were considered poor score. History of foot ulcers and present foot ailments was also taken along with these for correlation with awareness. Data was analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Among the 120 patients, 92 (76.6%) had good knowledge and 28 (23.3%) had poor knowledge of foot care. Among the 92 patients who had good knowledge, 35 (38%) followed foot care precautions, 57 (61.9%) did not follow. Of the 57 patients 8 (14%) had foot ulcers presently. Among 28 patients with poor knowledge of foot care, 10 (35.7%) had present history of foot ulcers.Conclusions: Education in diabetic foot care and insisting on practising them on daily basis is essential to lower the incidence of grave diabetic foot conditions which may result in amputation. Prevention of foot problems by self-precautions in patients would definitely lower the complications and the financial burden.

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Green Consumption, Environmental Marketing and Green Advertising: A Look at the Privatization of Nature from the Perspective of Liquid Modernity

South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics ◽

10.9734/sajsse/2018/v2i125828 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Giselle Gama Torres Ferreira ◽

Fred Tavares ◽

Gabriel Grego Fialho

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Foundation ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Marketing Strategies ◽

Exploratory Research ◽

Green Consumption ◽

Liquid Modernity ◽

Environmental Marketing ◽

Interdisciplinary Perspective ◽

Cirrhotic Patients ◽

Ways Of Being

The production of new market arrangements that can reveal the appropriation of nature as a strategy of consumption for the benefit of capital is observed in the contemporaneity. From this perspective, this research investigates Green Consumption, from an interdisciplinary perspective, to reveal if contemporary advertising with social and environmental appeal influences the process of production of new subjectivities even more rooted in consumption. The methodology adopted is the qualitative exploratory research of the "green" ads published in Veja magazine between 2004 and 2014. The theoretical foundation is built from Bauman and other authors who with this dialogue. From this clipping, some clues are analyzed about the legitimacy of environmental marketing strategies focused exclusively on consumption expansion. The study takes a look at the use of advertising and marketing as a way to legitimize and feedback the idea of "productize" nature, that is, presented as a commodity ready to be consumed, and discusses how the new "green" stamp models can be produced and reproduced on the market. Finally, this work brings publicity and environmental marketing as possible instruments for the formation of new "ways of being", even more rooted in the logic of consumption, decrease medical as well as a financial burden, hence improving the management of cirrhotic patients. These predictors, however, need further work to validate reliability.

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