scholarly journals Effect of Seed Rates and Weeding Frequency on Yield and Yield Components of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on Vertisols in Toke Kutaye District

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Gudina Soboksa Hunde ◽  
Habtamu Ashagre ◽  
Thomas Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Hand Weeding

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plays a crucial role in ensuring food security in Ethiopia. However, its production and productivity is constrained by weed infestation and inappropriate seed rate used. Hence, an experiment was conducted to determine the optimal seed rate and weeding frequency for bread wheat production on Vertisols in Toke Kutaye district during 2020 main cropping season. Treatments consisted of five levels of seed rates (75, 100, 125, 150, and 175kgha-1) and four levels of weeding frequency (zero weeding, once weeding (15DAE), twice weeding (15 and 45 DAE) and thrice weeding (15, 45 and 75 DAE). Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with factorial combination replicated thrice. Results of the study revealed that the interaction of seed rate and weeding frequency significantly (P≤ 0.05) influenced phenological and growth parameters except days reqired for 50% emergence and yield of bread wheat. Highest wheat biomass yield (11.03tha-1), grain yield (4.47tha-1) and straw yield (6.6tha-1)were obtained using 175kgha-1seed rate with thrice hand weeding. Highest relative yield loss (71.3%) was recorded from weedy plot with 75kgha-1seed rate, while the lowest loss (1.2%) was recorded at 175kgha-1seed rate with thrice hand weeding. Highest net benefit of ETB 73,170ha-1 , marginal rate of return 884.4% and value to cost ratio of ETB 8.34 per unit of investment was obtained from 175kgha-1 seed rate combined with thrice hand weeding. Therefore, use of 175kgha-1 seed rate with thrice hand weeding was found profitable, and recommended for bread wheat production in Toke Kutaye district.

scholarly journals Agronomic Performance of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Influenced by Seed Rates and Weeding Frequency at Mutulu Kebele in Toke Kutaye District

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Gudina Soboksa Hunde ◽  
Habtamu Ashagre ◽  
Thomas Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Hand Weeding

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major cereal crops in central high land of Ethiopia. However, its production and productivity is constrained by weed infestation and inappropriate seed rate used. Hence, an experiment was conducted to determine the optimal seed rate and weeding frequency for bread wheat production in Toke Kutaye district of West Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional State during 2020 main cropping season. Treatments consisted of five levels of seed rates (75, 100, 125, 150, and 175 kgha-1) and four levels of weeding frequency (zero weeding, once weeding (15 DAE), twice weeding (15 and 45 DAE) and thrice weeding (15, 45 and 75 DAE). Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with factorial    combination replicated thrice. Results of the study revealed that the interaction of seed  rate and weeding frequency significantly (P≤0.05) influenced phenological and growth parameters except days reqired for 50% emergence and yield of bread wheat. Highest  relative yield loss (71.3%) was recorded from weedy plot with 75 kgha-1 seed rate, while the lowest loss (1.2%) was recorded at 175 kgha-1seed rate with thrice hand weeding. Highest net benefit of ETB 73,170 ha-1 , marginal rate of return 884.4% and value to cost ratio of ETB  8.34 per unit of investment was obtained from 175 kgha-1 seed rate combined with thrice  hand weeding. Therefore, use of 175 kgha-1 seed rate with thrice hand weeding was found profitable, and recommended to be practiced by wheat growers of the study area and similar agro-ecologies.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SOWING METHODS AND SEED RATE ON YIELD OF BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) AT SOUTH ARI DISTRICT, SOUTH OMO ZONE, SNNPR, ETHIOPIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Awoke Tadesse ◽  
Tekle Yoseph ◽  
Misgana Mitiku
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Significant Area

Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops of the world and is a staple food for about one third of the world’s population. Despite the significant area of wheat production in the country, the mean national yield 1.3 t ha-1 is 24% below than mean yield for Africa and 48% below than global mean yield. A field experiment was carried out at Senegal and Selmamer during 2014 cropping season to determine the effects of sowing methods and seed rate on yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Treatments were two sowing methods namely row planting and broadcasting with six  Seed rate (kg/ha): 125, 150, 175, 200, 225 and 250 kg/ha.The experimental was laid in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with thee replications. The study result depicted that sowing method and seed rate had brought significant effect on the   yield of bread wheat. The maximum grain yield of 3.9 t ha-1 and the minimum 2.7 t ha-1 were obtained from seed rate of 125 kg ha-1 and 200 kg ha-1 respectively. And the maximum grain yield of 3.5 t ha-1 was obtained from row planting and the least 3.13 t ha-1 was recorded from broadcast method; from these output we can conclude that, using of seed rate of 125 kg ha-1 and row planting is advisable for bread wheat production in the Senegal and Senmamer kebeles and their vicinities to increased wheat production and productivity.

scholarly journals Participatory Evaluation and Selection of Improved Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum. L) Varieties in Northern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p80
Author(s):  
Berhanu Meles ◽  
Chekole Nigus ◽  
Atsede Teklu ◽  
Yonas G Mariam
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Preference Ranking ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Variety Selection

Participatory variety selection trials were conducted in 2018 G.C in Laelay-maichew, Tahtay-maichew and Ahferom districts of central zone of Tigrai to evaluate the performance of improved bread wheat (Triticum aestivum. L) Variety and to assess farmers’ criteria for bread wheat variety selection. Six improved bread wheat varieties (Mekelle-1, Mekelle-2, Ogolcho, Kingbird and Hedasse) including the most popular variety ‘Kakaba’ were used for the study at eighteen farmers (six from each district). The experiment was laid out using randomized complete block design at baby trial with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference among the tested varieties for most of the agronomic traits except for kernels per spike and harvest index in all the tested locations. In the preference ranking, farmers used their own traits of interest which were very important in their wheat varieties for selection. Hence, common criteria’s identified by the farmers to select the best varieties were; grain yield, biomass yield, earliness, disease resistance, spike length and seed size. Accordingly direct matrix ranking by farmers showed that Ogolcho was top ranked both at L/maichew and Ahferom followed by Kakaba, however Mekelle-1 was first ranked followed by Kakaba at T/maichew.  Therefore farmers of L/maichew and Ahferom were recommended to use Ogolcho and Kakaba, whereas Mekelle-1 was recommended for T/maichew.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Seed Rates on the Growth and Yield Characteristics of Wheat Crop (Triticum aestivum L.): Case Study of Takhar Province, Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alim Behzad ◽  
◽  
Najibullah Omerkhil ◽  
Farida Faqiryar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of seed rate on the growth and yield attributes of the wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Mazar-99 under the agro-climatic conditions of Takhar province, Afghanistan. The experiment was implemented at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty of Takhar University in winter seasons of 2018-2019 with the specific objective of finding out the effect of five seeding rates as the treatment on growth and yield parameters of Mazar-99 variety of wheat. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was selected as an experiment design with 4 replications and 5 seeding rates viz. 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 kg/ha made up treatments. Data on growth and yield parameters were collected and analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The result obtained from the current study reveal that all growth and yield characters were remarkably affected by seeding rate and seed rate of 100 kg per hectare of wheat variety Mazar-99 performed better with respect to different growth and yield parameters such as spike length, number of tillers, number of spike at each plant, leaf area, a total of spikelets per spike and stem girth, grain number/spike, the weight of spike, the weight of grain per spike, grain crop yield, straw crop weight, 1000-grain weight, and biological yield. Whereas 80 and 120 kg/ha were the second-best seeding rates after the 100 kg/ha. However, 160 kg/ha seed rate showed only superiority in plant height, but 140 kg/ha did not show any special superiority in any growth and yield characteristic evaluated in Takhar agro-climatic condition. Thus, a seeding rate of 100 kg per hectare could be recommended to the farmers for better wheat production in Takhar agro-climatic situation in North-Eastern Afghanistan.

scholarly journals AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) GROWN USING TWO CROPPING SYSTEMS IN MEDIUM LAND OF PALOPO CITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mayasari Yamin ◽  
Sartia Hama ◽  
Taufiq Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
World Population ◽  
Good Prospect ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Average Value

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple food for most of world population and has a good prospect considering the great potential of land to be planted with this plant species which contains carbohydrate of 70% and protein of 3%. The development of this commodity was started from agricultural extensification and production increase through the implementation of cropping system. This study was aimed to provide information on suitable cropping system for wheat cultivation and to examine the effect of cropping system on the increase in wheat production in medium land of Palopo City. This study was conducted in farmer land in Kambo Village, Mungkajang Subdistrict of Palopo City, South Sulawesi at elevation of ± 600 m asl from June until September 2017. This research uses two factor factorial in randomized block design. The first factor consisted of two cropping systems, namely line up system (S1) and Hazton system (S2). While, the second factor included two varieties, namely Guri 4 variety (V1) and Guri 6 variety (V2). Study result for vegetative phase showed that the best plant height was obtained using line up cropping system in Guri 4 variety (S1V1) with average of 73.91 cm. Implementation of Hazton cropping system in Guri 4 variety (S2V1) resulted in the best flag leaf area with average of 40.23 cm2. Hazton cropping system implementation in Guri 6 variety (V2S2) indicated the best green color with average value of 11.00 unit. Furthermore, application of line up cropping system (S1) produced the best total tiller number with average of 18.22 tillers. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of Hazton cropping system was able to increase the wheat production and Guri 4 Variety is expected to adapt to grow in the medium land of Palopo City

scholarly journals Genetic Variability Analysis in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Morpho-Physiological Characters and Grain Micronutrient Content

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mainak Barman ◽  
Vinay Kumar Choudhary ◽  
Satish Kumar Singh ◽  
Mithilesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Rabiya Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Genetic Enhancement ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Randomized Block Design

An experiment was performed taking 30 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes in the experimental area of Wheat Breeding section of DRPCAU, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar during the Rabi season of 2019-20 to assess the genotypic and phenotypic variance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variability, heritability, and genetic advance as per cent of mean. Observations were documented for fifteen characters. The evaluation was accomplished in Randomized Block Design. Significant differences were revealed by the analysis of variance among the evaluated genotypes for each of the taken parameters. Manipulation by the environment was extremely scanty in the expression of all the traits as it was marked by slight differences between the genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation. The characters namely, grain Zn content, grain Fe content, no. of tillers per plant, number of grains/ ear and flag leaf area demonstrated high heritability in addition to high genetic advance as per cent of mean pointing towards that it would be effective to employ simple selection schemes to fetch genetic enhancement in desired track for mentioned characters.

Effect of Sunflower Residues and Herbicide on Weed Suppression, Grain Yield and Economics of Transplanted Aman Rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
SS Tanu ◽  
P Biswas ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
SC Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Environmentally Sound

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Field Laboratory, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali from July 2018 to November 2018 to evaluate the effect of sunflower residues and herbicides on the yield and economic performance of transplanted Aman rice. Weed control methods tested were T1 = weedy check (Unweeded control), T2 = Weed-free check by hand weeding twice, T3 = Pendimethalin, T4 = Pretilachlor, T5 = Butachlor, T6 = Pyrazosulfuron ethyl, T7 = Bensulfuron methyl + Acetachlor, T8 = Bispyriback sodium, T9 = 2,4-D amine, T10 = MCPA, T11 = Sunflower residues, T12 = Sunflower residues + 100% Pyrazosulfuron ethyl, T13 = Sunflower residues + 75% Pyrazosulfuron ethyl, T14 = Sunflower residues + 50% Pyrazosulfuron ethyl. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with fourteen treatments replicated thrice. Weedy check registered significantly the highest total weed density (354.67 m-2) and total weed dry matter (51.81 g-2) while weed-free treatment by hand weeding twice recorded significantly the lowest total weed density (6.67 m-2) and total weed dry matter 0.49 g-2) . Weedy check produced the highest weed index (34.24%) and hand weeding produced the lowest. Among different herbicides applied alone, butachlor had the lowest total weed density (15 m-2) and total weed dry matter (6.43 g-2) after hand weeding. Hand weeding recorded the highest grain yield (5.14 t ha-1) which was statistically similar to pendimethalin, pretilachlor, butachlor, bensulfuron methyl + acetachlor and sunflower residues + 100% pyrazosulfuron ethyl. Higher grain yield was attributed to a higher number of panicle m-2, number of filled grains panicle-1 and 1000-grain weight. The highest gross margin (22955 Tk. ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (1.32) were obtained from butachlor. Integration of sunflower residues with pyrazosulfuron ethyl produced effective weed suppression and satisfactory yield comparable to butachlor. Although the integration is less profitable than butachlor the farmers can use this technology as a feasible and environmentally sound approach in transplanted Aman rice field. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 47-58

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