scholarly journals Effect of Selected Weed Management Practices on the Growth and Yield Components of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana) in Western Region of Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mayaka Justus Mogaka ◽  
Korir Kibet Nicholas ◽  
Wafula Wekha Nelson ◽  
Joseph P. Onyango Gweyi
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Finger millet (Elusine coracana) accounts for 8% of the total area and 11% of the millet production worldwide.  It is grown on over 4 million ha globally, mainly for food purposes. Millions of people in the dry lands of Central and East Africa, and South of India depend on finger millet as an important source of food to them (CGIAR, 2001). Finger millet is one of the most neglected and underutilized crops. Additionally, the crop has received limited research attention compared to wheat, rice, and maize (FAO, 2011). Therefore, production challenges such as those caused by weeds like goose grass Elusine indica remain at large. Manual weeding is the commonly employed weed control method in finger millet production, but is expensive and labour intensive. The current study was set to evaluate the influence of weed management practices on finger millet growth and yield components. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The plots measured 2 by 2m with a border width of 1m. The treatments included Pendimethalin, Dimethyl amine, Metolachlor, Metribuzin, Atrazine (at three rates each 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 l/ha), No weeding and Hand weeding. Data was collected on the number of weed species, weed biomass, number of basal tillers, herbicide phytotoxicity, weed and crop heights, number of panicles, weight of panicles, weight of un-threshed and threshed grains and 1000 grain weight. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA using GenStat version 15.1. Application of Pendimethalin at 1.5 and 2.0 L/ha Active Ingredient (AI), resulted in weed optimal control and least phytotoxicity. Results also indicated that the height of finger millet was significantly (p<0.001) higher where the herbicides were applied. Lower weed biomass was also positively correlated with higher crop height, more panicles, high unthreshed and threshed weights and a 1000 grain weight. Application of 2,4D at rates of 1.5L and 2.0L resulted in significantly taller plants 33.00 cm, than the other weed management methods. Finger millet under Pendimethalin 1.5 L gave the highest number of 86 panicles while Atrazine 2.0L and Pendimethalin1.5L methods of weed control, had significantly higher weight compared to all the other treatments. The 1000 seed mass across the treatments averaged 2.31 g while the on the untreated treatments had an average of 1.54 g. Weed control using pre emergence herbicides significantly (p<0.001) increased the yields of finger millet.

Impact of Weed Management Practices on Grapevine Growth and Yield Components

Weed Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo P. Sanguankeo ◽  
Ramon G. Leon ◽  
Julian Malone
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Grape Yield

The need for reducing costs and making grape production more sustainable has prompted the search for alternative weed control practices that optimize production while maintaining profits. For this reason, it is imperative to understand how different weed management practices modify vine–weed interactions. In the present study, we evaluated the effect on weed growth and Zinfandel grapevine growth and production of five weed control practices: (1) flumioxazin, (2) simazine, (3) cultivation, (4) cover crop, and (5) untreated control. The herbicide treatments had the lowest weed biomass, followed by the cultivation, being approximately 10 and 2 times lower than the weed biomass of either the cover crop or untreated control treatments, respectively. However, the differences in grape yield were not as evident. In 2006, a rainy year, the herbicides and cultivation treatments did not differ in grape yield, but the cover crop and untreated control had a reduction of approximately 20% compared with the other treatments. In 2007, a dry year, in comparison to the herbicide treatments, the grape yield reductions of cultivation were around 22%, and those of the cover crop and untreated control were around 48%. Although the cover crop reduced grape yield, it suppressed weed species considered important, such as horseweed, panicle willowherb, scarlet pimpernel, and sowthistle. Also, it was concluded that vines can tolerate a certain amount of weed competition, and that properly timed postemergence control actions (e.g., cultivation or POST herbicides) could provide the necessary level of control to obtain the desired yields. However, under limited soil moisture conditions, the use of PRE herbicides could prove important to maintain vine yield and vigor.

Herbicide Timing and Rate Effects on Weed Management in Three Herbicide-Resistant Canola Systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1006-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Neil Harker ◽  
George W. Clayton ◽  
John T. O'Donovan ◽  
Robert E. Blackshaw ◽  
F. Craig Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Rate Effects ◽  
Herbicide Timing ◽  
Weed Removal

Herbicide-resistant canola dominates the canola market in Canada. A multiyear field experiment was conducted at three locations to investigate the effect of time of weed removal (two-, four-, or six-leaf canola) and herbicide rate (50 or 100% recommended) in three herbicide-resistant canola systems. Weeds were controlled in glufosinate-resistant canola (GLU) with glufosinate, in glyphosate-resistant canola (GLY) with glyphosate, and in imidazolinone-resistant canola (IMI) with a 50:50 mixture of imazamox and imazethapyr. Canola yields were similar among the three canola cultivar–herbicide systems. Yields were not influenced by 50 vs. 100% herbicide rates. Timing of weed removal had the greatest effect on canola yield, with weed removal at the four-leaf stage giving the highest yields in most cases. Percent dockage was often greater for GLU and IMI than for GLY. In comparison with the other treatments, dockage levels doubled for GLU after application at 50% herbicide rates. The consistency of monocot weed control was usually greater for GLY than for GLU or IMI systems. However, weed biomass data revealed no differences in dicot weed control consistency between IMI and GLY systems. Greater dockage and weed biomass variability after weed removal at the six-leaf stage or after low herbicide rates suggests higher weed seed production, which could constrain the adoption of integrated weed management practices in subsequent years.

scholarly journals Effect of GA3 and row ratio of restorer (R) and CMS lines (A) on different characters and seed production of BRRI Hybrid Dhan2

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Rahman ◽  
MM Khatun ◽  
MSR Khan ◽  
MAK Mian ◽  
MG Rasul
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Outcrossing Rate ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Research Institute

An experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, during November to May 2009-10 to study the effect of GA3and row ratio of restorer and CMS lines on different characters and F1 seed production of BRRI hybrid dhan2. The treatments were of four levels of GA3 viz., (i) control, (ii) 150 g/ha, (iii) 250 g/ha, and (iv) 350 g/ha and five row ratios (R:A) viz., (i) 2:8, (ii) 2:10, (iii) 2:12, (iv) 2:14, and (v) 2:16. Different doses of GA3 ignificantly influenced growth and yield components of rice except total tillers/hill and 1000-grain weight. The highest F1 seed yield (2.34 t/ha) of BRRI hybrid dhan2 was obtained with an application of GA3 @ 250 g/ha which enhanced the maximum number of effective tillers, the highest number of grains/panicle, panicle exsertion rate and outcrossing rate. The lowest seed yield (1.10 t/ha) was produced without application of GA3 i.e., control. The row ratio of 2:12 and 2:8 produced the highest (2.05 t/ha) and the lowest (1.63 t/ha) F1seed yield, respectively. The interaction between GA3 and row ratio of restorer and CMS lines was significant for F1 seed yield. The highest F1 seed yield (2.90 t/ha) was obtained with the application of GA3 @ 250 g/ha at the row ratio of 2:12 (R: A). The lowest seed yield (0.95 t/ha) was recorded without application of GA3 (control) at row ratios of 2:16. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14391 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 665-676, December 2012

Effect of Seeding Rate on Dose Response of Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) to Fluthiacet-Methyl

Weed Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collen Redlick ◽  
Hema S. N. Duddu ◽  
Lena D. Syrovy ◽  
Christian J. Willenborg ◽  
Eric N. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Seed Yields

Concern over the development of herbicide-resistant weeds has led to interest in integrated weed management systems that reduce selection pressure by utilizing mechanical and cultural weed control practices in addition to herbicides. Increasing crop seeding rate increases crop competitive ability and thus can enhance herbicide efficacy. However, it is unknown how increasing the seeding rate affects an herbicide’s efficacy. The objective of this study was to examine the interaction between increasing seeding rate and herbicide dose to control weeds. To meet this objective, the herbicide fluthiacet-methyl was applied to field-grown lentil, with Indian mustard, a proxy for wild mustard, used as a model weed. The experiment was a factorial design with four lentil seeding rates and seven herbicide rates. Overall the herbicide dose response was altered by changing lentil seeding rate. Increasing lentil seeding rate decreased the weed biomass production when herbicides were not applied. In two of the four site-years, increasing lentil seeding rate lowered the herbicide ED50, the dose required to result in a 50% reduction in weed biomass. Increasing the crop seeding rate altered the dose response to provide greater weed control at lower herbicide rates compared with normal crop seeding rates. Increased seeding rates also resulted in higher and more stable crop seed yields across a wider range of herbicide dosages. These results suggest that dose–response models can be used to evaluate the efficacy of other weed management practices that can interact with herbicide performance.

scholarly journals Productivity Enhancement of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) through Critical Agronomic Interventions under Southern Agro-Climatic Zone of Andhra Pradesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Karanam Navya Jyothi ◽  
V. Sumathi ◽  
D. Subramanyam ◽  
P. Sudhakar ◽  
T. Giridhar Krishna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Hand Weeding

A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2016 and 2017 at S.V. Agricultural College farm, Tirupati to study the influence of spacing, nutrient and weed nutrient management practices on growth and yield of foxtail millet. Significant effects were noticed on growth and yield components viz., plant height, number of panicles m-2, weight of the panicle, grain weight panicle-1, grain and straw yield of foxtail millet. Among different plant geometries tried, closer spacing of 20 cm x10 cm registered taller plants, higher number of panicles m-2, higher grain and straw yield, where as the weight of the panicle, grain weight panicle-1 were found to be highest with 30 cm x10 cm. Among the micronutrient management practices, foliar application of ZnSO4@ 0.5% twice at the time of flowering and at grain filling stage along with 100% RDF registered taller plants as well as higher grain yields.Hand weeding at 20 DAS and 30 DAS outperformed other weed management practices. This was followed by pre-emergence application of butachlor @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 with one hand weeding at 30DAS.The study concluded that the closer spacing of 20cmx 10cm, foliar application of ZnSO4 at the time of flowering and 20 days after flowering along with RDF and hand weeding twice at 20 DAS and 30 DAS resulted in higher productivity of foxtail millet.

scholarly journals Effect of Weed Management Practices on Weed Growth and Yield of Greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) in Southern Rajasthan

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Arvind Verma ◽  
Roshan Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
The Impact

A Field experiment was conducted at Agronomy instructional Farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur (Rajasthan) during 2016-17 to find out the impact of new generation herbicides in green gram.  The results revealed that all growth and yield characters of blackgram were significantly affected by distinct weed control practices. A similar trend was also observed in weed parameters. Higher seed yield (13.8 qha-1) and higher weed control efficiency (88.97%) were recorded under application of acifluorfen sodium + clodinafop propargyl (370 g a.i. ha-1) at 3-4 leaf stage and which comparable with pre-emergence application of pyroxasulfone +pendimethalin (TM) 127.5+1000 g a.i/ha, imazethapyr+ quizalofop (TM) use at 70 + 60 g a.i/ha at 3-4 leaf stage, imazethapyr 70 g a.i/ha 3-4 leaf stage, imazethapyr + imazamox (RM) use at 70 g a.i/ha at 3-4 leaf stage, pendimethalin fb quizalofop 1000 + 60 at pre-emergence & 3- 4 leaf stage, imazethapyr + pendimethalin (RM) 1000 g a.i/ha as pre-emergence, propaquizfop 75 g a.i/ha at 3-4 leaf stage, weedy check and two hand weeding twice at 20 & 40 DAS. They also recorded improvement in yields and net returns by 65.22% over weedy check. These herbicide ready-mixes may be a promising weed management strategy for the green gram grown in the Southern Rajasthan.

scholarly journals Assessment of Integrated Weed Management Practices on Weed Dynamics, Yield Components and Yield of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in Eastern Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Nano Alemu Daba ◽  
Janmejai Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Hand Weeding

The experiment was conducted to assess the integrated effects of pre-emergence herbicides and hand-weeding on weed control, yield components, yield, and their economic feasibility for cost effective weed control in faba bean. The experiment consisted of 12 treatments viz. pre-emergence s-metolachlor (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg ha-1) and pendimethalin (1.0, 1.25 and 1.5 kg ha-1), each at three rates metolachlor, s-metolachlor + one-hand-weeding, pendimethalin + one-hand-weeding, two-hand-weeding, complete weed free and weedy checks arranged. The weed flora consisted of broadleaved and sedge with the relative densities of 81.02 and 18.98 % at Haramaya district, and 80.83% and 19.17%, at Gurawa district, respectively. Application of s-metolachlor and pendimethalin 1.0 kg ha-1 each supplemented with hand weeding 5 WAE significantly (p ≤0.01) affected the broadleaved weeds, sedges and weed dry weight at both sites. S-metolachlor 1.0 kg ha-1 supplemented with hand weeding 5 WAE gave the lowest total number of weeds (8.29 m-2) following the weed free check. Higher grain yield (3555.8 kg ha-1) was produced with s-metolachlor 1.0 kg ha-1 supplemented with one-hand-weeding 5 WAE following complete weed-free at Gurawa. The benefit gained from s-metolachlor and pendimethalin at 1.0 kg ha-1 each supplemented with one hand weeding 5 WAE were greater than the value recorded from the weedy check by 216% and 198 %, respectively. S-metolachlor 1.0 kg ha-1 supplemented with hand weeding 5 WAE treatment resulted in the highest grain yield and economic benefit. However, in case labour is constraint and s-metolachlor herbicide is timely available, pre emergence application of s-metolachlor at 2.0 kg ha-1 should be the alternative to preclude the yield loss and to ensure maximum benefit.

Effect of nitrogen and weed management on weed control efficiency and yield of fodder turnip

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Govind Kumar ◽  
Magan Singh ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Koushik Paul ◽  
Pooja Gupta Soni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Efficiency ◽  
Weed Control Efficiency ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments

A field experiment was conducted at Forage Research and Management Centre, NDRI, Karnal during <italic>rabi</italic> season in 2013-14 to study the effect of nitrogen application and weed management on growth and yield of fodder turnip (<italic>Brassica compestris</italic> var. rapa) with four levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N/ha) and four weed management practices (pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha, hand weeding, isoproturon @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha and weedy check) in split plot design. Among the nitrogen treatments 150 kg nitrogen/ha gave the highest growth, yield and better quality of fodder turnip. Application of pendimethalin @1.0 kg a.i. proved better in terms of growth and yield of turnip. Weed control efficiency was 65% with 150 kg N/ha and 83.23% with pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i./ha.

Development of Efficient Weed Management Practices for Drilled Paddy Production under Gujarat condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
R, V Hajari ◽  
R G MACHHAR ◽  
A. K. Mahida ◽  
G D HADIYA ◽  
A K MAHIDA
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Hand Weeding

To study the weed management in drilled paddy an experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Derol Dist: panchmahal, Gujarat during kharif seasons of the years 2012-13, 2013-14 ,2014-15 and 2015 -16 . Ten treatments for weed management were studied in randomized block design with four replications. Results that all the growth and yield attributes except plant height and test weight were significantly influenced due to different weed control treatments. The grain and straw yield of drilled paddy were also altered significant due to weed control treatments. In general, T2 (two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS) recorded the highest yield among all. It was, however, at par with three other treatments which included pre and post emergence application of herbicides. Since, the application of Oxadiargyl @ 90 g/ha f/b Bisbyribac sodium @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS is one among the dual application of herbicide, it can be recommended for drilled paddy in options of two hand weeding.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document