Scientific Investigation of Dyschoriste littoralis nees – A Tamil Traditional Medicinal Plant against Liver Disease

Stress is an ever-present part of modern life. The “stress response” constitutes an organism's mechanism for coping with a given stress and is mediated via the release of glucocorticoids and catecholamines. Patients often complain of stress-related worsening of their liver disease; however, the interrelationship between stress and hepatic inflammation is incompletely understood and has received little scientific attention. Considering the broad impact glucocorticoids and catecholamines have on immune cell function, it is very likely that stress has a significant impact on the hepatic inflammatory response. This themes article discusses studies of the stress response and its peripheral effectors (glucocorticoids and catecholamines) in liver disease and their impact on hepatic inflammation and outlines potential areas for future scientific investigation.

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Scientific Investigation of Borreria hispida (Linn) – A Tamil Traditional Medicinal Plant against Hyperlipidemia Disease

Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3 ◽

10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3780d ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 124-134

Author(s):

C. D. Shaji Selvin ◽

Jambula Dinesh Babu ◽

A. Kottai Muthu

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Scientific Investigation

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Recent Advances in Alcoholic Liver Disease III. Role of the innate immune response in alcoholic hepatitis

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.00094.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 287 (2) ◽

pp. G310-G314 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Ian N. Hines ◽

Michael D. Wheeler

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Immune System ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Innate Immune Response ◽

Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Scientific Investigation ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Acute Liver Damage

Ethanol consumption is known to cause significant acute liver damage resulting in hepatic fibrosis and eventual cirrhosis when consumed chronically. The mechanism(s) by which ethanol exerts its damaging effects on the liver are not well understood; however, recent scientific investigation has begun to delineate the earliest events in alcoholic liver disease. From these studies, it is apparent that components of the innate immune system and, in particular, Kupffer cells, play a significant role in this process. It is also becoming clear that other parts of the immune system including T cells may also be responsible for mediating the devastating effects of chronic alcohol consumption on the liver. This review will highlight recent experiments demonstrating a role for the innate immune response in the initiation and progression of alcohol-induced liver hepatitis and subsequent organ damage.

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ETHNO-MEDICINAL DOCUMENTATION OF PLANTS USED BY THE RURAL FOLK OF PAURI AND KOT BLOCKS IN DISTRICT GARHWAL, UTTARAKHAND

Journal of Mountain Research ◽

10.51220/jmr.v15i1.10 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pratibha Baluni ◽

Suniti Kumar Kuriyal

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Elderly People ◽

Plant Diversity ◽

Catchment Area ◽

Rare Plants ◽

Scientific Investigation ◽

Garhwal Himalaya ◽

Base Line ◽

Medicinal Use

The Garhwal Himalaya is rich in medicinal plant diversity. Several medicinal plants are used to cure various ailments since time immemorial. The present study is an attempt to enumerate the ethno-medicinal use of some rare plants by the rural folk of Pauri and Kot block around the Randi stream catchment area, district Pauri Garhwal. Elderly people and Vaidyas (local herbal healers) were interviewed for their knowledge on the various uses of the medicinal plants found in the adjacent areas. A total of 89 medicinal plants species were recorded and documented along with their botanical name, family, vernacular name, parts used etc. The study emphasizes the herbal potential of Uttarakhand and will also provide a base line for conservation and further scientific investigation

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Crystalloid Inclusions in Hepatocyte Mitochondria and Their Similarity to Cytoplasmic Crystalloids

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100051001 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 198-199

Author(s):

Odell T. Minick ◽

Hidejiro Yokoo

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽

Special Interest ◽

Structural Variations ◽

Mitochondrial Alterations ◽

The Matrix ◽

Crystalloid Inclusions ◽

Liver Biopsies

Mitochondrial alterations were studied in 25 liver biopsies from patients with alcoholic liver disease. Of special interest were the morphologic resemblance of certain fine structural variations in mitochondria and crystalloid inclusions. Four types of alterations within mitochondria were found that seemed to relate to cytoplasmic crystalloids.Type 1 alteration consisted of localized groups of cristae, usually oriented in the long direction of the organelle (Fig. 1A). In this plane they appeared serrated at the periphery with blind endings in the matrix. Other sections revealed a system of equally-spaced diagonal lines lengthwise in the mitochondrion with cristae protruding from both ends (Fig. 1B). Profiles of this inclusion were not unlike tangential cuts of a crystalloid structure frequently seen in enlarged mitochondria described below.

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Healing gone wrong: convergence of hemostatic pathways and liver fibrosis?

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20191102 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 134 (16) ◽

pp. 2189-2201

Author(s):

Jessica P.E. Davis ◽

Stephen H. Caldwell

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Hepatic Fibrosis ◽

Cell Activation ◽

Stellate Cell ◽

Factor Xa ◽

Clinical Trial Data ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Healing Response ◽

Wound Healing Response

Abstract Fibrosis results from a disordered wound healing response within the liver with activated hepatic stellate cells laying down dense, collagen-rich extracellular matrix that eventually restricts liver hepatic synthetic function and causes increased sinusoidal resistance. The end result of progressive fibrosis, cirrhosis, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality as well as tremendous economic burden. Fibrosis can be conceptualized as an aberrant wound healing response analogous to a chronic ankle sprain that is driven by chronic liver injury commonly over decades. Two unique aspects of hepatic fibrosis – the chronic nature of insult required and the liver’s unique ability to regenerate – give an opportunity for pharmacologic intervention to stop or slow the pace of fibrosis in patients early in the course of their liver disease. Two potential biologic mechanisms link together hemostasis and fibrosis: focal parenchymal extinction and direct stellate cell activation by thrombin and Factor Xa. Available translational research further supports the role of thrombosis in fibrosis. In this review, we will summarize what is known about the convergence of hemostatic changes and hepatic fibrosis in chronic liver disease and present current preclinical and clinical data exploring the relationship between the two. We will also present clinical trial data that underscores the potential use of anticoagulant therapy as an antifibrotic factor in liver disease.

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