Phytoconstituents and Insecticidal Activity of Different Solvent Leaf Extracts of Chromolaena odorata L., against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladipupo Lawal ◽  
Andy Opoku ◽  
Isiaka Ogunwande
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Leaf Extracts

scholarly journals Bioprospecting insecticidal compounds from plants native to Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1136-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio P. Souza ◽  
Maria R. Marques ◽  
Talal S. Mahmoud ◽  
Bruno A. Caputo ◽  
Gabriel M. Canhete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Old Adult ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Insecticidal Compounds

This paper reports on an evaluation of the insecticidal activity of extracts prepared from leaves of Tapirira guianensis Aubl. (Anacardiaceae), Attalea phalerata (Mart. ex Spreng.) Burret (Arecaceae), Eugenia uniflora L. (Myrtaceae), and Gomphrena elegans Mart. (Amaranthaceae) and from stems of Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão (Anacardiaceae). Four extracts and 18 fractions with a range of polarities were tested. Ten-gram batches of wheat grains were each nebulized with 1 mL of a separate extract at 10% w/v. After solvent evaporation at 38 ºC, the grains were placed into flasks along with 20 unsexed 10- to 20-day old adult individuals of Sitophilus zeamais. The assessment was carried out on the fifth and tenth day by counting and discarding the dead insects. Leaf extracts of G. elegans showed an insecticidal effect ranging from 27% to 60% by the fifth day, whereas the effect of the remaining extracts tested (if active at all) did not exceed 20% in the same period. By the tenth day, the most active extracts were those of A. phalerata (hexanic, 36.5%) and all those of G. elegans (5280.5%), whereas the effect of the other extracts did not exceed 30%.

Insecticidal Activities of the Leaf Extract of the Invasive Alien Plant, Chromolaena odorata (L.) (Asteraceae) Against Macrotermes species (Termites)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
O. Uyi, ◽  
I.G. Amolo ◽  
A.D. Adetimehin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Biological Efficacy ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant ◽  
Impregnation Technique ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Worker Caste

Several studies have demonstrated the biological efficacy of leaf, stem and root powders or extracts of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson against insect pests but those that are focused on the biological efficacy of aqueous leaf extracts against Macrotermes species are scanty. Current management of termites with synthetic insecticides is being discouraged due to human and environmental hazards. Therefore, the insecticidal effectiveness of aqueous leaf extract C. odorata against Macrotermes species was investigated. Five concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% (w/v)) of the aqueous extract of C. odorata plant were evaluated for repellency and toxicity on the worker caste of Macrotermes species following standard procedures. The filter paper impregnation technique was used for the bioassay. Percentage repellency was monitored for 30 minutes and mortality recorded at 12, 24 and 36 hours post exposure. The leaf extract of C. odorata significantly repelled 95% of Macrotermes species at the highest concentration of 10% (w/v) after 30 minutes post treatment exposure. Mortality of Macrotermes species was independent of treatment concentration, but dependent on duration of exposure. All treatment concentrations of aqueous leaf extract of C. odorata caused significant mortality against Macrotermes species ranging between 94% and 98% compared to the control; indicating very great potential for adoption and use in the management of Macrotermes species.

Insecticidal activity of the ether extract from the lichen Ramalina complanata and an isolated metabolite (divaricatic acid) against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 102049
Author(s):  
André Severino da Silva ◽  
Camila Soledade de Lira Pimentel ◽  
Fábio Henrique Galdino dos Santos ◽  
Hallysson Douglas Andrade de Araújo ◽  
Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Ether Extract

Attenuation of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats by aqueous leaf-extracts of Chromolaena odorata and Tridax procumbens

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 114004
Author(s):  
Jude C. Ikewuchi ◽  
Catherine C. Ikewuchi ◽  
Mercy O. Ifeanacho ◽  
Victoria S. Jaja ◽  
Esther C. Okezue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Tridax Procumbens

scholarly journals Insecticidal and repellent activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fujita (Ho-Sho) and Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J Presl. var. hosyo (Hon-Sho) on Sitophilus zeamaisMots. (Coleoptera, Curculionedae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 769-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. CANSIAN ◽  
V. ASTOLFI ◽  
R.I. CARDOSO ◽  
N. PAROUL ◽  
S.S. ROMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Preference Index ◽  
Lethal Doses ◽  
Repellency Activity

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to evaluate the insecticidal and repellency activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fujita (Ho-Sho) and Cinnamomumcamphora (L.) J Presl.var. hosyo (Hon-Sho), against the Sitophilus zeamais in maize grains. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS.The insecticidal activity was determined by the toxicity of different concentrations of essential oils during 24 hours of contact with the insects, in the absence of feed substrate. The Bioassays of repellency were conducted with lethal doses (LD50,LD25,and LD12.5) obtained from insecticidal bioassay. In order to compare the treatments the preference index (PI) was employed. The analysis of the essential oils of Cinnamomum camphora leaves indicated 68% of camphor and 9% of linalool for the variation Hon-Sho and 95% of linalool to the variation Ho-Sho. The variation Ho-Sho presented greatest insecticidal activity than the variation Hon-Sho against the Sitophiluszeamais, with LD50 of 0.35 μL/cm2, whereas in the variation Hon-Sho the ratewas 0.48 μL/cm2. However, considering only the concentrations of linalool and camphor of Ho-Sho and Hon-Sho, the lethal doses’ evaluation of these compounds were similar. The values of the preference index ranged from -0.3 to -0.8 for thevariation Ho-Sho and -0.2 to -0.7 for the variation Hon-Sho. The essential oils evaluated in this work showed repellent activity against Sitophiluszeamais in vitro and in trials performed in mini-silos.

scholarly journals Bioactivity and Volatile Profiling of Azadirachta indica Leaves for the Management of Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Infestations

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G.W.U. Perera ◽  
M.M.S.C. Karunaratne ◽  
S.D.M. Chinthaka
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Solid Phase Micro Extraction ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Wide Range

Neem (Azadirachta indica A. juss), is known to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties and is thus commercially exploitable. Apart from its medicinal potential, a considerable progress has been achieved regarding biological potential and chemical composition of the leaves which is an ever-increasing interest to the scientific community. During this study, biological phenomena and secondary metabolite composition of A. indica leaves were examined in the management of Sitophilus zeamais on stored maize. Insecticidal and repellent potential of A. indica leaf powders were evaluated in both contact and fumigant forms. Phytochemical screening of 11 phyto constituents was performed following the standard procedures for n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous leaf extracts. Volatile profile of A. indica leaves was characterized by employing headspace-solid-phase micro extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). Over 60% weevil repellency was recorded at doses above 23.33%, whereas 100% and 67% contact and fumigation mortalities were observed respectively, 9 days after treatment at the dose of 33.33% and the respected LD50 values were 1.56 g and 4.48 g. Thirty two volatile compounds were identified in three distinct chemical classes (Monoterpenoid, sesquiterpenoid and purine nucleosides). γ-Elemene (24.06%), 3,7 (11)-eudesmadiene (6.83%), caryophyllene (6.40%), and 10s,11s-himachala-3(12),4-diene (6.36%) were the major constituents of neem leaf volatiles, followed by other compounds present in less than 4% which might be responsible for varied biological activities observed. Thus the odour impact of the bioassayguided study clearly implies that A. indica leaves can be harnessed against S. zeamais infestations.Keywords: Azadirachta indica, Sitophilus zeamais, headspace-solid-phase micro-extraction, insecticidal activity, repellency

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