Prediction of Citrus Wax Scale, Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock (Hemiptera: Coccidae) Populations Using the Two IPCC's SRES Scenarios (A2 and B2) for 2050 and 2100 Years

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-706
Author(s):  
A. Farag
Keyword(s):  
Sres Scenarios ◽  
Ceroplastes Floridensis ◽  
Ceroplastes Floridensis Comstock

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Ilex Species, Hybrids and Cultivars to Florida Wax Scale (Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock)

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Hodges ◽  
John M. Ruter ◽  
S. Kristine Braman
Keyword(s):  
Scale Insects ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Coccus Hesperidum ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Ceroplastes Ceriferus ◽  
Species Hybrids ◽  
Very High ◽  
Ceroplastes Floridensis ◽  
Florida Wax Scale ◽  
Ceroplastes Floridensis Comstock

Abstract Susceptibility of 231 holly species, hybrids and cultivars to Florida wax scale (Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock) were evaluated on field grown plants in Tifton, Georgia. Florida wax scale have two generations/year in this region. Population ratings on different parental lines were grouped as either low populations (<10 scales/60 second count), moderate populations (11–20 scales/60 second count), high populations (21–40 scales/60 second count) and very high populations (>40 scales/60 second count). Taxa from the study rated as being least preferred (low populations) by the Florida wax scale included those with I. crenata, I. buergeri, I. glabra, I. myrtifolia, I. verticillata and I. vomitoria within parental lines. Those prone to heavy infestations were I. aquifolium, I. × attenuata, I. cassine, I. ciliospinosa, I. cornuta, I. × koehneana, I. latifolia, I. × meserveae, I. opaca, I. purpurea, I. rugosa and I. serrata. Other scale insects noted on the hollies included: Barnacle wax scale (Ceroplastes cirripediformis Comstock), Indian wax scale (Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius)), European fruit lecanium (Parthenolecanium corni Bouche), Brown soft scale (Coccus hesperidum Linneaus), Tea scale (Fiornia theae Green), Latania scale (Hemiberlesia lataniae (Sign.)), and a pit scale (Asterolecanium puteanum Russell).

Climate Scenarios for the conterminous United States at the county spatial scale using SRES scenarios A1B and A2 and PRISM climatology

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Coulson ◽  
Linda A. Joyce ◽  
David T. Price ◽  
Daniel W. McKenney ◽  
R. Martin Siltanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Sres Scenarios

scholarly journals Copper Demand and Supply Simulation in 21st Century Based on the IPCC SRES Scenarios

2004 ◽  
Vol 120 (12) ◽  
pp. 681-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji TOKIMATSU ◽  
Toshihide ITO ◽  
Takayoshi SHINKUMA ◽  
Kazuhiko FURUKAWA ◽  
Toshisuke OGIWARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Sres Scenarios ◽  
Ipcc Sres ◽  
Ipcc Sres Scenarios

scholarly journals Calibration of glacier volume–area relations from surface extent fluctuations and application to future glacier change

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (195) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Möller ◽  
Christoph Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Glacier Change ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Outlet Glacier ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Chilean Patagonia ◽  
Sres Scenarios ◽  
Ipcc Sres

AbstractThe volume- and area-change evolution of glaciers can be obtained by employing the volume–area scaling approach during mass-balance modelling. This method usually requires information on the initial surface area and ice volume to adjust the volume–area relation to the specific ice body. However, absolute volumetric data on glaciers are very rare, so the applicability of volume–area scaling is limited. In order to use volume–area scaling on glaciers for which only limited information is available, a new method is presented to calibrate the volume–area relation without prior knowledge of this relation by using glacier extent information from different times. To validate the method and illustrate its practicability, we model the range of probable future changes in ice volume and surface area of ‘Glaciar Noroeste’, an outlet glacier of Gran Campo Nevado ice cap, southern Chilean Patagonia, during the 21st century, based on IPCC SRES scenarios B1 and A2.

scholarly journals Warm temperatures, cool sponges: the effect of increased temperatures on the Antarctic sponge Isodictya sp.

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo González-Aravena ◽  
Nathan J. Kenny ◽  
Magdalena Osorio ◽  
Alejandro Font ◽  
Ana Riesgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Molecular Response ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sres Scenarios ◽  
Ipcc Sres ◽  
The Antarctic

Although the cellular and molecular responses to exposure to relatively high temperatures (acute thermal stress or heat shock) have been studied previously, only sparse empirical evidence of how it affects cold-water species is available. As climate change becomes more pronounced in areas such as the Western Antarctic Peninsula, both long-term and occasional acute temperature rises will impact species found there, and it has become crucial to understand the capacity of these species to respond to such thermal stress. Here, we use the Antarctic sponge Isodictya sp. to investigate how sessile organisms (particularly Porifera) can adjust to acute short-term heat stress, by exposing this species to 3 and 5 °C for 4 h, corresponding to predicted temperatures under high-end 2080 IPCC-SRES scenarios. Assembling a de novo reference transcriptome (90,188 contigs, >93.7% metazoan BUSCO genes) we have begun to discern the molecular response employed by Isodictya to adjust to heat exposure. Our initial analyses suggest that TGF-β, ubiquitin and hedgehog cascades are involved, alongside other genes. However, the degree and type of response changed little from 3 to 5 °C in the time frame examined, suggesting that even moderate rises in temperature could cause stress at the limits of this organism’s capacity. Given the importance of sponges to Antarctic ecosystems, our findings are vital for discerning the consequences of short-term increases in Antarctic ocean temperature on these and other species.

scholarly journals Country resolved combined emission and socio-economic pathways based on the RCP and SSP scenarios

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Gütschow ◽  
M. Louise Jeffery ◽  
Annika Günther ◽  
Malte Meinshausen
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Single Model ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Emissions Scenarios ◽  
Sres Scenarios ◽  
Country Specific

Abstract. Climate policy analysis needs reference scenarios to assess emissions targets and current trends. When presenting their national climate policies, countries often showcase their target trajectories against fictitious so-called baselines. These counterfactual scenarios are meant to present future Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in the absence of climate policy. These so-called baselines presented by countries are often of limited use as they can be exaggerated and the methodology used to derive them is usually not transparent. Scenarios created by independent modeling groups using integrated assessment models (IAMs) can provide different interpretations of several socio-economic storylines and can provide a more realistic backdrop against which the projected target emission trajectory can be assessed. However, the IAMs are limited in regional resolution. This resolution is further reduced in intercomparison studies as data for a common set of regions are produced by aggregating the underlying smaller regions. Thus, the data are not readily available for country-specific policy analysis. This gap is closed by downscaling regional IAM scenarios to country-level. The last of such efforts has been performed for the SRES scenarios (Special Report on Emissions Scenarios), which are over a decade old by now. CMIP6 scenarios have been downscaled to a grid, however they cover only a few combinations of forcing levels and SSP storylines with only a single model per combination. Here, we provide up to date country scenarios, downscaled from the full RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways) and SSP (Shared Socio-Economic Pathways) scenario databases, using results from the SSP GDP (Gross Domestic Product) country model results as drivers for the downscaling process. The data is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3638137 (Gütschow et al., 2020).

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