scholarly journals Thidiazuron with Mineral Oil as Alternative Bud Break Promoter for Apple Trees

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
José Luiz Petri ◽  
André Amarildo Sezerino ◽  
Cristhian Leonardo Fenili ◽  
Gentil Carneiro Gabardo
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Terminal Buds ◽  
Fruit Mass

Aims: This work aims to evaluate the efficiency of Revent® 500 SC (Thidiazuron) concentrations as a bud breaker promoter in apple trees, cv. Maxi Gala and Supreme Fuji, through phenology, sprouting of buds, fruit set and production per plant. Place and Duration of Study: The experiments were carried out in southern Brazil, municipality of Caçador / SC, during the seasons from 2017 to 2019, in the cultivars Fuji Suprema and Maxi Gala / Marubakaido / M9. Methodology: The treatments were 1. Control (without application); 2. Mineral Oil (MO) 3.5% + Hydrogenated Cyanamide (HC) 0.35%; 3. MO 3.5% + HC 0.5%; 4. MO 3.5% + Thidiazuron (TDZ) 0.005%; 5. MO 3.5% + TDZ 0.01%; 6. MO 3.5% + TDZ 0.015%; 7.MO 3.5% + TDZ 0.02%; 8.MO 3.5% + TDZ 0.025%, applied in stages B and C. Several variables were evaluated such as phenology, sprouting of axillary and terminal buds, fruit set, production per plant and average fruit mass. Results: All treatments with bud breakers advanced the phenological stages in relation to the control in the three years. In the sprouting of the axillary and terminal buds, all treatments were superior to the control. TDZ treatments showed higher sprouting of axillary buds in 2017/18 compared to standard treatments with hydrogenated cyanamide. In plant production, the treatment MO 3.5% + TDZ 0.02% was higher than the other treatments in the 2018/19 and 2019/20 seasons, in both cultivars. TDZ associated with mineral oil is efficient in inducing the sprouting of ‘Maxi Gala’ and ‘Fuji Suprema’ apple trees and can be used to recover sprouts from previous years.

scholarly journals Reapplication of bud break promoters in ‘Fuji Suprema’ apple trees

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luiz Petri ◽  
André Amarildo Sezerino ◽  
Cristhian Leonardo Fenili
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Bud Sprouting ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Fruit Mass

Abstract The aim of this work was to verify the effectiveness of the reapplication of bud break producers on flowering, sprouting and production of ‘Fuji Suprema’ apple trees. The experiment was carried out in an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC, during 2016/2017 to 2019/2020 seasons. Treatments were applied at stages B and C, and those with reapplication, from 7 to 14 days after the first application. Phenology, axillary and terminal bud break, frui set, production per plant and average fruit mass were evaluated. Phenology was advanced in relation to control with the application of bud break promoters. However, treatments applied at stage B provided greater advance in relation to applications at stage C. In axillary and terminal bud break, all treatments were superior to control. In some seasons, the sequential application of bud break promoters increased bud sprouting compared to single application treatment. There is no reduction fruit set in treatments with sequential application in relation to single application. In plant production, sequential applications did not differ from single application. The average fruit mass was not altered by the sequential application of bud break promoters.

scholarly journals Foliar-Applied Mineral Oil Enhanced Hormones and Phenols Content and Hastened Breaking Bud Dormancy In “Astrachan” Apple Trees

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Seif El-Yazal
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Flowering Duration ◽  
Winter Conditions ◽  
Ortho Cresol ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The effect of mineral oil alone or in combination with Dintro-ortho-cresol (Universal) with different concentrations at early reaching break dormancy in buds of ‘Astrachan’ apple (Malus sylvestris, Mill) trees was investigated. Also, their effects on metabolic changes in the content of buds from promoter and inhibitor substances during their release from dormancy were detected. The efficiency of early bud break was noticed in varying degrees with mineral oil or Universal at different concentrations. It was observed that all applied concentrations lead to early bud break, short flowering duration, high percentages of bud break and fruit-set. In addition, high contents of total indoles, indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, total and conjugated phenols, as well as, low content of abscisic acid and free phenols were achieved. According to the results, it is recommended using 6% of mineral oil as operator safer bud break promoters for reach to the early break dormancy in buds of ‘Astrachan’ apple trees under Egyptian winter conditions and the maximum yield by regulating the hormonal and phenolic content in buds.

Evaluation of garlic extract on bud dormancy release of 'Royal Gala' apple trees

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 738 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Botelho ◽  
M. M. L. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanamide ◽  
Bud Sprouting ◽  
Dormant Bud ◽  
Bud Dormancy Release ◽  
In The Beginning

This study aimed to examine the effects of garlic extract (Bioalho) on bud break of ‘Royal Gala’ apple trees compared with the effects of the conventionally used hydrogen cyanamide (H2CN2). In the southern region of Brazil, immediately after winter pruning on 19 September 2005, the following treatments were sprayed at dormant bud stage using a hand sprayer: (1) control (untreated); (2) 1% garlic extract (GE); (3) 5% GE; (4) 10% GE; (5) 2% mineral oil (MO); (6) 1% GE + 2% MO; (7) 5% GE + 2% MO; (8) 10% GE + 2% MO; (9) 0.4% H2CN2 + 4% MO. GE at 1 or 5% + 2% MO showed similar effects compared with H2CN2 alone, achieving ~80% bud sprouting, whereas 2% MO and the untreated control attained 53 and 18% bud sprouting, respectively. The 10% GE + 2% MO treatment was superior to the others treatments, reaching 95% bud sprouting at 50 days after treatments. The application of 10% GE + 2% MO was also the most effective in advancing bloom. Unfortunately, in this experiment, this also contributed to reduced fruit yield, since the early anthesis coincided with an atypical rainfall in the beginning of spring.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THIDIAZURON CONCENTRATION AND APPLICATION PERIOD ON ‘ROYAL GALA’ APPLE FRUITING AND PRODUCTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
EVERLAN FAGUNDES ◽  
JOSÉ LUIZ PETRI ◽  
LUIZ CARLOS ARGENTA ◽  
FERNANDO JOSÉ HAWERROTH ◽  
MARCELO COUTO
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Mild Winter ◽  
Return Bloom

ABSTRACT ‘Gala’ apple trees have low fruit set in restrictive pollination situations, being an obstacle to the achievement of high production rates in orchards in southern Brazil, which can be minimized by the use of growth regulators. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thidiazuron concentrations in ‘Royal Gala’ apple fruiting and production, grown in mild winter conditions. The experiment was conducted during the 2011/2012, 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 crop years in Fraiburgo, SC, on ‘Royal Gala’ apple trees in Marubakaido rootstock M9 with filter. In all evaluation cycles, the experimental design was a randomized block with factorial arrangement (6x2) with six TDZ concentrations and two application forms, with six replicates, and the experimental unit consisting of one plant. The TDZ concentrations of each treatment were applied split into two seasons. The first application was performed on pink bud stage (E2) and the second application was in full bloom stage (F2). The variables evaluated were: fruit set (%), return bloom (%), number and weight of fruits per plant, mean fruit weight (g) and average number of seeds per fruit. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, in which for significant variables by the F test, analysis of contrast and polynomial regression were performed in order to evaluate the response of variables with increasing TDZ concentration. TDZ is effective even at low concentrations, increasing the production and fruit set of ‘Gala’ apples in the climatic conditions of southern Brazil.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of the Tetsukabuto squash fruits induced with 2,4-D doses under dry conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
Roberto CF Queiroga ◽  
Gabriel D Silva ◽  
Auderlan M Pereira ◽  
Ricardo RP Almeida ◽  
Ariano B Silva
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Fruit Mass

ABSTRACT Squashes and pumpkins are known and grown worldwide, including the Tetsukabuto type, a hybrid of Japanese origin. On this work, we evaluated yield and quality of parthenocarpic fruits of hybrid Tetsukabuto developed with the use of 2,4-D doses, in the climatic conditions of the Brazilian semiarid, in the city of Pombal, state of Paraíba, Brazil. The experiment was carried out from February to May 2013, in complete blocks at random and five replications. Treatments corresponded to five 2,4-D doses (0, 90, 180, 270, and 360 mg/L) applied to female flowers, and a control treatment, where fruits developed out of insect pollinated flowers. We evaluated number of flowers per plant, duration of flowering, number of fruits per plant (used to estimate number of fruits per hectare), fruit set index, fruit mass and transversal and longitudinal diameters, pulp thickness and content of soluble solids, total fruit production and yield. Number of fruits per plant and fruit mass increased 269.5 and 15.4%, respectively, with 212.1 mg/L and 360.0 mg/L of 2,4-D, when compared to the control treatment. Increasing the 2,4-D dose from 0.0 to 241.4 mg/L resulted in 38.2% rise in plant production. Correlations were significant only for number of flowers x number of fruits per plant (NF) and NF x yield, with coefficients of 87.5 and 82.7%, respectively. These results indicate that fruit induction using 2,4-D resulted in higher fruit set, independent of the 2,4-D dose applied.

scholarly journals Plant Growth Regulators in Flowering Alternation of the Fuji Suprema Apple Tree

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
José Luiz Petri ◽  
André Amarildo Sezerino ◽  
Cristhian Leonardo Fenili
Keyword(s):  
Apple Tree ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Alternate Bearing ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Biennial Bearing ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Fruit Mass ◽  
Thinning Effect

Aims: Research on alternate bearing in apple trees is usually focused on chemical                thinning techniques, but in recent decades synthetic bioregulators have proven to be             effective in promoting or inhibiting floral induction in apple trees. However, the results can be variable since some cultivars are prone to alternation, as Fuji and its clones. The objective of the present study was to observe the effect of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), Ethephon,                   and their combinations in the formation of flowering buds avoiding flowering alternation, in Cv, Fuji Suprema. Place and Duration of Study: The experiments were carried out in southern Brazil, municipality of Caçador / SC, during the cycles from 2014 to 2019, in the cultivar Fuji Suprema / Marubakaido / M9, with 12 years old. Methodology: Several variables were evaluated such as flowering return, fruit set, yield, number of fruits per plant, average fresh fruit mass, and biennial bearing index (BBI). Results: The results were variable and showed that NAA and Ethephon had little effect on reducing flowering alternation when applied during the vegetative phase of the Fuji Suprema apple tree. After years of high productivity, there was a decrease in the yield, even in the treatments of NAA and Ethephon. Ethephon or its combination with NAA has a thinning effect, but without influence on the return of flowering.

scholarly journals Performance of ‘Maxi Gala’ apple trees as affected by budbreak promoters, in São Joaquim-SC

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus da Silveira Pasa ◽  
João Felippeto ◽  
Gilberto Nava ◽  
André Luiz Kulkamp de Souza ◽  
Alberto Fontanella Brighenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanamide ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Dormant Bud ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract The application of rest breaking agents to compensate the lack of chilling is a common practice in apple orchards in Southern Brazil. However, its necessity in areas of greater chilling accumulation has been questioned over the years. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of ‘Maxi Gala’ apple in response to different budbreak promoters in São Joaquim, SC. The study was performed in the growing seasons of 2013/2014, 2014/2015, and 2015/2016. Plant material consisted of 10-year-old ‘Maxi Gala’ apple trees grafted on the rootstock ‘M.9’, arranged in a randomized complete block design with five replicates in the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing seasons and six replicates in the 2015/2016 season. Treatments consisted of Erger®, combined with either calcium nitrate or mineral oil, at different rates; and hydrogen cyanamide combined with mineral oil. Treatments were applied when buds were between the stages A (dormant bud) and B (swollen bud; silver tip). The influence of treatments on flowering, budbreak, yield components, and fruit quality was assessed. Flowering was little affected by treatments, while axillary budbreak was consistently improved in the year of insufficient chilling accumulation. Besides, the combination Erger® (2% and 3%) + calcium nitrate (2% and 3%) and Erger® (1%) + mineral oil (3%) induced similar axillary budbreak as hydrogen cyanamide + mineral oil. Fruit quality attributes were not affected by treatments.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF FOLIAR-APPLIED DORMANCY-BREAKING AGENTS ON FLOWERING BEHAVIOR, YIELD, FRUIT QUALITY, AND SOME CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF “EIN SHAMER” APPLE TREES

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
MOHAMED A SEIF EL-YAZAL ◽  
SAMIR A SEIF EL-YAZAL
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil ◽  
Total Carbohydrates

Objective: This investigation was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2016 and 2017 to investigate the effect of Dormex, mineral oil, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, and thiourea on bud break, growth, yield, and some chemical constituents of “Ein Shamer” apple (Malus sylvestris, Mill) variety. Methods: The trees were grown in loamy sand soil, and sprayed with six treatments (Dormex (4%), mineral oil (5%), potassium nitrate (8%), calcium nitrate (8%), and thiourea (2%) and control. Results: In general, it was found that all studied growth parameters, date of flower bud break, percentage of bud break, fruit-setting, fruit weight, fruit size, fruit number/tree, yield/tree (kg), and some chemical constituents of leaves (total chlorophyll, total carbohydrates, total protein, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium contents) and some chemical constituents of fruits total soluble solids (T.S.S.), T.S.S./acid ratio, Vitamin C, water content %, total free amino acids, total carbohydrates, total sugars, and reducing sugars) were increased with the application of the different treatments. Conclusion: The best results were obtained from the treatment of Dormex at 4% and mineral oil (5%). On the contrary, the same treatment decreased total acidity and total phenols in fruits as compared to the control. It could be recommended to use Dormex at 4% and mineral oil (5%) for improving bud break, growth, yield, and chemical constituents of apple trees or fruits.

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