scholarly journals Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties and Chemical Constituents of Rasam, a Traditional South Indian Soup

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Ayush Sharma ◽  
Muthu Kumaradoss Mohan Maruga Raja ◽  
Ravi Manne
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Aims: To evaluate the physical and chemical properties of rasam, a traditional south Indian soup. Each ingredient present in rasam are known for their medicinal value individually. Moreover, rasam has being suggested as a general control measure in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 by Ministry of AYUSH. For formulation designing the properties of material under study is generally determined. Hence, this study was carried out to evaluate the physiochemical properties of rasam so that it would be convenient to chose a suitable dosage form. Study Design: The physical and chemical studies was carried simultaneously in order to achieve the confirmatory results. Place and Duration of Study: Study was performed at Parul Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. The study took about 45 days. Methodology: The physical parameters evaluated were pH, viscosity, density, boiling range, surface tension, miscibility, refractive index and loss on drying. The chemical evaluation included preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening. Results: The pH of rasam was 3.916 ±0.0133, viscosity was 0.956 cp, density was 0.993 g/mL, relative density was 0.995, boiling point was 110.3333 ± 0.333, surface tension was 107.093 N/m, refractive index was 1.37, and loss on drying was 80%. It contains several chemical constituents like alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, etc. Conclusion: The evaluated physical and chemical properties of rasam would provide a gateway for the formulation researchers to follow-up with various dosage forms designing.

Investigations on condensation phenomena in mercury vapour

1934 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-224
Author(s):  
P. C. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mercury Vapour ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Critical Supersaturation ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Owing to its physical and chemical properties being greatly different from those of any of the liquids which have hitherto been used in the Wilson cloud chamber, mercury has been used in the experiments described in this paper and the condensation phenomena of its vapour at different temperatures observed. Before constructing the apparatus it was considered necessary to get from theoretical considerations some idea about the magnitude of the critical supersaturation for mercury vapour in equilibrium with a drop carrying unit charge. Assuming that J. J. Thomson's formula.where s is the supersaturation of mercury vapour in equilibrium with a drop of mercury of radius a, charge e, density σ and surface tension T, the value of which is assumed here to be independent of the radius of the drop, K the specific inductive capacity of the dielectric surrounding the drop, and R the gas constant for one gramme of weight, all at temperature θ, can be applied to the present problem, this critical supersaturation sm is given by the formula

Mathematical Processing and Structural Explanation of Surface Tension Polythermal Diagram Reached Out to Achieve Critical Temperature of Thermo-time Treatment for a Ni Based Superalloy

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 2232-2236
Author(s):  
Valeriu Rucai ◽  
Nicolae Constantin ◽  
Ion Ciuca ◽  
Brandusa Ghiban
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
Structural Explanation ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Mathematical Processing ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Thermo-Time Treatment of multicomponent melting can be foreshadowed by the polythermal diagrams analysis of main physical and chemical properties, which are considered for this purpose as structural-sensitive properties: viscosity, surface tension, density or electrical conductivity [1]. Critical temperature (Tcr), i.e. temperature at which or around which, must run Thermo-Time Treatmenthas been experimentally marked by a sudden and seemingly contradictory deviation on polythermal diagrams of surface tension, s(T), reached out at cooling process for Ni base studied superalloy (MSRR 7045). A possible mathematical processing of it, is given by interpolation curves of the surface tensiondependence on temperature.

scholarly journals Smart multifunctional nanoparticles in nanomedicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muharrem Seleci ◽  
Didem Ag Seleci ◽  
Rebecca Joncyzk ◽  
Frank Stahl ◽  
Cornelia Blume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Targeted Imaging ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Multifunctional Nanoparticles ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractRecent advances in nanotechnology caused a growing interest using nanomaterials in medicine to solve a number of issues associated with therapeutic agents. The fabricated nanomaterials with unique physical and chemical properties have been investigated for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Therapeutic agents have been combined with the nanoparticles to minimize systemic toxicity, increase their solubility, prolong the circulation half-life, reduce their immunogenicity and improve their distribution. Multifunctional nanoparticles have shown great promise in targeted imaging and therapy. In this review, we summarized the physical parameters of nanoparticles for construction of “smart” multifunctional nanoparticles and their various surface engineering strategies. Outlook and questions for the further researches were discussed.

Structure and Properties of Selected Zirconia Silicate Glasses

2008 ◽  
Vol 39-40 ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radovan Karell ◽  
Mária Chromčíková ◽  
Marek Liška
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Molar Refraction ◽  
Chemical Durability ◽  
Silicate Glasses ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Compositional Series ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Viscosity, density, thermal expansion, glass transition temperature, refractive index, molar refraction, and chemical durability of selected compositional series of Na2O-K2O-ZnO-CaOZrO2- SiO2 glasses containing 1 and 3 mol. % ZrO2 were measured and interpreted according to the network-forming / -modifying activities of particular oxides. The influence of ZrO2 / SiO2, ZnO / CaO, and K2O / Na2O substitution on measured physical and chemical properties was discussed.

scholarly journals Analysis Water Quality of Springs on the East Slope of Mount Sumbing, Central Java, Indonesia for Sanitation Hygiene Purposes Based on the Physical and Chemical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 930 (1) ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
D Erlinawati ◽  
M R Wibisana ◽  
D P E Putra ◽  
A D Titisari
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Water Acidity ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract The eastern slope of Mount Sumbing has many springs used as a source of raw water for hygienic sanitation purposes. However, there has been no scientific research showing the quality of springs. Therefore the purpose of this study is to analyze the quality of springs on the eastern slopes of Mount Sumbing for community sanitation hygiene purposes based on water physical and chemical properties. Water samples were taken from several points in the study area and observed for physical parameters (TDS, smell, taste, and temperature) and chemical parameters (acidity, nitrate, fluoride, and sulfates). The results showed that from 30 samples of springs, only one spring fulfilled the Indonesia Minister of Health Regulation No. 32 in 2017. The spring located at STA 51 Kaliloro, Krajan, Kaliangkrik, Magelang Regency. There was a spring classified as deep geothermal groundwater and the others classified as shallow groundwater. Based on the acidity of water, most of the springs on the eastern slopes of Mount Sumbing could be used as hygiene sanitation by treating the water acidity and regulating the purposes of springs.

scholarly journals Drying effect on physical and physicochemical properties and bioactive compounds of kiwifruit powder

2020 ◽  
pp. 524-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inacia dos Santos Moreira ◽  
Wilton Pereira da Silva ◽  
Josivanda Palmeira Gomes ◽  
Deise Souza de Castro ◽  
Luzia Márcia de Melo Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of convective drying at different temperatures on the physical and chemical properties of kiwifruit powder. Circular kiwi slices were cut with thickness of 5.0 mm and subjected to different drying air temperatures (50, 60, 70 and 80 ºC). After drying, the slices were ground to obtain the powder and characterized for the physical parameters, physicochemical parameters and bioactive compounds. The powders were characterized for physical and physicochemical attributes and bioactive compounds. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three replicates, and the data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and to Tukey test at 0.05 probability level. Kiwifruit powders obtained by convective drying at 50, 60, 70 and 80 ºC were classified as non-hygroscopic, showing good flowability and low cohesiveness. Kiwifruit powders obtained at temperatures of 70 and 80 ºC had lower moisture content and water activity, with predominance of yellow intensity over red intensity, which influenced their final color according to the drying air temperature. Powders obtained at the four drying temperatures showed significant amounts of bioactive compounds; thus, they can be consumed in powder and used in the preparation of food products. However, samples dehydrated at temperature of 70 ºC had higher contents of phenolic compounds compared to the others.

scholarly journals SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF BARAKASEED NIGELLA SATIVA L. IMPACTED BY BAT GUANO Otonycteris hemprichii Camd AND SEAWEED EXTRACT

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-mohammedi & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Oil Density ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties ◽  
Bat Guano

Some fertilizers practices could be used to improve Baraka seed Nigella sativa L. as a medicinal crop like organic farmyard manure which efficiently applied to enhance growth and yield. Thus, a field experiment was conducted out at Research Station in Tikrit-Iraq during 2012/2013 season to estimate the impact of bat guano (0, 75, 125 and 175 kg.ha-1), seaweed extract as kelpak (0, 1, 2 and 3ml.l-1) on some physical and chemical essential oil components. Two factors were arranged in factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with three replicates. Thus, results revealed that application of bat guano at 125 kg.ha-1 was superior in enhancement of essential oil and its some physical and chemical properties as essential oil% of 1.53%, specific gravity of 0.95 g.cm-3, refractive index of 1.82, essential oil density of 0.93, dithymohydroquinone of 37.44µg.µl-1 and thymol of 25.73 µg.µl-1. Moreover, kelpak (3ml.l-1) significantly improved physical and chemical properties of essential oil which were essential oil% of 1.52%, specific gravity of 0.93 g.cm-3, refractive index of 1.72, and essential oil density of 0.94 and thymol of 25.92 µg.µl-1. Whereas, the main component dithymohydroquinone effected by application of 2 ml.l-1kelpak of 37.04 µg.µl-1. It could be recommended to use bat guano as alternative to chemical fertilizer fortified with foliar application of seaweed extract as kelpak so as to improve physical and chemical properties of essential oil.

scholarly journals Soil Pattern and Breeding of Sandfly in Endemic Areas of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Md Fashiur Rahman ◽  
Selina Banu ◽  
Md Jahangir Alam ◽  
Md Jalal Uddin ◽  
Md Abu Sayeed Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Sandfly Breeding ◽  
Soil Pattern ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Introduction: Sandfly breeds in soil but is selective to identify soil favourable for their breeding. Soil covered by vegetation, marshy land, orchards and settlements shows high sandfly breeding in an endemic region. Besides,the presence of inorganic constituents of the soil was found to affect sandfly breeding. Objective: To identify soil pattern in Kala-azar endemic areas suitable for sandfly breeding, and the relationship of soil’s physical and chemical properties with their breeding which may help in taking feasible measure to control the vector of Kala-azar or Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional type of descriptive study was conducted in the Kala-azar endemic areas of Trishal and Fulbaria of Mymensingh, Madhupur of Tangail and Chatmohor of Pabna district, Bangladesh during the period of July 2015 to December 2015. From each site, 250 gm soil was collected and packed in a plastic container. All the samples were taken in the laboratory and were kept as it is for one week to configure the moisture and soil temperature maintaining the lab room temp at 28±2ºC and relative humidity at 75.0%±2.0. Soil samples were analysed for physical and chemical properties at the Soil Science Department of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. Results: Total 48 soil samples were collected from Trishal, Fulbaria, Madhupur, Chatmohor and each sample was analysed for physical property (sand, silt, clay, porosity, water content), chemical constituents (pH, C, N, Ca, Mg, K, P, Fe). The mean from each district’s soil constituents (sand, silt, clay, porosity, water content) ranged from 17.36%-18.83%, 44.10%-45.46%, 35.70%-38.06% 41.98%-47.24% respectively and among the chemical constituents, pH ranged from 7.46-7.98, Carbon 0.92-0.98 Cmolkg-1, Nitrogen 0.174-0.184 Cmolkg-1, Calcium 4.83-6.21 Cmolkg-1, Magnesium 1.97-2.46 Cmolkg-1, Potassium as K2O 1.37-1.79 Cmolkg-1, Phosphorus as P2O5 12.60-13.78 Cmolkg-1, Iron as Fe2O3 9.54-10.06 Cmolkg-1 respectively. Conclusion: Physical and chemical characteristics of soil by area of endemicity have been postulated to afford suitable environment for sandfly breeding. This information of the breeding sites of phlebotomine sandflies could help to plan environmental intervention measures that would impede the breeding of these insects. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 3-7

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