scholarly journals Herbal Approaches for Alzheimer Disease: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 311-324
Author(s):  
. Yoggeta ◽  
Deepika Bhatia ◽  
Manisha Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Disability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Convolvulus Pluricaulis

"Plague of the Twenty-First Century," or “Alzheimer disease” is anneuro-degenerative disease that influenced the world's elderly population. The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is expected to increase to one hundred thirty-five million by 2050, with no treatment(s) currently available to cure or monitor the disease's progression. The current treatment(s) have lesscapability to manage symptoms or delay disease development, and they can cause serious side effects. The cost of overall treatment is high for both the patients and their caregivers or family members. As an example, there is an serious requirement to find safer alternative treatments for better management of Alzheimer's disease. The various Indian herbal medicines such as Centella asiatica,Celastruspaniculatus Curcuma longa, Clitoriaternatea,Bacopa monnieri, Withania somnifera, has been reviewed in this article. Eclipta alba, Desmodiumgangeticum, Evolvulusalsinoides, Moringa oleifera, and Convolvulus pluricaulis are among the plants that have shown promising effect in the treatment related to cognitive disability.

scholarly journals Indian Medicinal Herbs and Formulations for Alzheimer’s Disease, from Traditional Knowledge to Scientific Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 964
Author(s):  
Jogender Mehla ◽  
Pooja Gupta ◽  
Monika Pahuja ◽  
Deepti Diwan ◽  
Diksha Diksha
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Neurofibrillary Tangle ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Evolvulus Alsinoides ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity

Cognitive impairment, associated with ageing, stress, hypertension and various neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy, is a major health issue. The present review focuses on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), since it is the most important cause of cognitive impairment. It is characterized by progressive memory loss, language deficits, depression, agitation, mood disturbances and psychosis. Although the hallmarks of AD are cholinergic dysfunction, β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangle formation, it is also associated with derangement of other neurotransmitters, elevated levels of advanced glycation end products, oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, genetic and environmental factors. On one hand, this complex etiopathology makes a response to commonly used drugs such as donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine and memantine less predictable and often unsatisfactory. On the other hand, it supports the use of herbal medicines due to their nonspecific antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and specific cholinesterase inhibitory activity. The popularity of herbal medicines is also increasing due to their perceived effectiveness, safety and affordability. In the present article, the experimental and clinical evidence have been reviewed for various Indian herbal medicines such as Centella asiatica, Bacopa monnieri, Curcuma longa, Clitoria ternatea, Withania somnifera, Celastrus paniculatus, Evolvulus alsinoides, Desmodium gangeticum, Eclipta alba, Moringa oleifera and Convolvulus pluricaulis, which have shown potential in cognitive impairment. Some commonly available herbal formulations for memory impairment in India have also been reviewed.

The cost-utility of the rivastigmine transdermal patch in the management of patients with moderate Alzheimer's disease in the US

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (S 02) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Brennan ◽  
B Nagy ◽  
A Brandtmüller ◽  
SK Thomas ◽  
M Gallagher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Transdermal Patch ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Cost

Main Plant Extracts’ Active Properties Effective on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 418-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana-Miruna Balmus ◽  
Alin Ciobica
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
General Effect ◽  
Function Loss ◽  
Theory Research

Alzheimer’s disease leads to progressive cognitive function loss, which may impair both intellectual capacities and psychosocial aspects. Although the current knowledge points to a multifactorial character of Alzheimer’s disease, the most issued pathological hypothesis remains the cholinergic theory. The main animal model used in cholinergic theory research is the scopolamine-induced memory loss model. Although, in some cases, a temporary symptomatic relief can be obtained through targeting the cholinergic or glutamatergic neurotransmitter systems, no current treatment is able to stop or slow cognitive impairment. Many potentially successful therapies are often blocked by the blood–brain barrier since it exhibits permeability only for several classes of active molecules. However, the plant extracts’ active molecules are extremely diverse and heterogeneous regarding the biochemical structure. In this way, many active compounds constituting the recently tested plant extracts may exhibit the same general effect on acetylcholine pathway, but on different molecular ground, which can be successfully used in Alzheimer’s disease adjuvant therapy.

The Cost of Recruiting Alzheimer’s Disease Caregivers for Research

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Amelotte Tarlow ◽  
Diane Feeney Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals Alzheimer's Disease–Related Dementias Summit 2016: National research priorities

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (23) ◽  
pp. 2381-2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick A. Corriveau ◽  
Walter J. Koroshetz ◽  
Jordan T. Gladman ◽  
Sophia Jeon ◽  
Debra Babcock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Lewy Body Dementia ◽  
National Plan ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Dementia Research

Goal 1 of the National Plan to Address Alzheimer’s Disease is to prevent and effectively treat Alzheimer disease and Alzheimer disease–related dementias by 2025. To help inform the research agenda toward achieving this goal, the NIH hosts periodic summits that set and refine relevant research priorities for the subsequent 5 to 10 years. This proceedings article summarizes the 2016 Alzheimer's Disease–Related Dementias Summit, including discussion of scientific progress, challenges, and opportunities in major areas of dementia research, including mixed-etiology dementias, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal degeneration, vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia, dementia disparities, and dementia nomenclature.

scholarly journals Spiritual Fitness: A New Dimension in Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-519
Author(s):  
Dharma Singh Khalsa ◽  
Andrew B. Newberg
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cognitive Disability ◽  
Spiritual Wellbeing ◽  
Spiritual Fitness

Background: Religious and spiritual interventions may have an effect on Alzheimer’s disease prevention. Kirtan Kriya meditation has been shown to mitigate the deleterious effects of chronic stress on cognition, reverse memory loss, and create psychological and spiritual wellbeing, which may reduce multiple drivers of Alzheimer’s disease risk. Objective: To detail a new concept in medicine called Spiritual Fitness, a merging of stress reduction, basic wellbeing, and psycho/spiritual wellbeing to prevent Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: The literature on the topics mentioned above is described, including an in-depth discussion on why and how each are critical to advancing the future of Alzheimer’s disease prevention. The many negative effects of chronic stress, and the benefits of Kirtan Kriya, are reviewed. The four pillars of basic wellbeing, six practical aspects of psychological wellbeing, and the four new non-sectarian features of spiritual fitness are then disclosed. Moreover, instructions on practicing Kirtan Kriya are offered in the Supplementary Material. Conclusion: Religious and spiritual practices, including Kirtan Kriya, are crucial components in the development of enhanced cognition and well-being, which may help prevent and, in some cases, reverse cognitive decline. The key point of this review is that making a commitment to live a brain longevity lifestyle including spiritual fitness is a critically important way for aging Alzheimer’s disease free. We hope that this article will inspire scientists, clinicians, and patients to embrace this new concept of spiritual fitness and make it a part of every multidomain program for the prevention of cognitive disability.

Comprehensive review on Alzheimer's Disease: Pathophysiology and its Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Prativa Sadhu ◽  
◽  
Srijani Sen ◽  
Catherine Vanlalhriatpuii ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Neuron Activity ◽  
Aβ Peptides ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Thinking Ability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Amyloid Cascade

Neurodegenerative disorders are marked by the loss of brain neuron activity, resulting in gradual cognitive impairment. The effects of neurodegenerative diseases are severe in terms of pathology and the cost of patient care. The aged, in general, are the most vulnerable. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a brain ailment that causes cell degradation and is the leading cause of dementia, identified by a loss of thinking ability and independence in daily tasks. The amyloid cascade hypothesis, which attributes clinical signs/symptoms to an abundance of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, enhanced deposition into amyloid plaques, and eventually neuronal destruction, is one theory for pathogenesis AD. The use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in AD treatment is based on their favorable effects on the disease's functional, cognitive and behavioral symptoms. However, their involvement in AD pathogenesis is uncertain. This comprehensive review will provide an overview of AD, including the pathophysiology, causes, treatments, and future treatment.

scholarly journals Attention and inhibition in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Clara Zancada-Menéndez ◽  
Patricia Sampedro-Piquero ◽  
Azucena Begega ◽  
Laudino López ◽  
Jorge Luis Arias
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Healthy Controls

Mild cognitive impairment is understood as a cognitive deficit of insufficient severity to fulfil the criteria for Alzheimer’s disease. Many studies have attempted to identify which cognitive functions are most affected by this type of impairment and which is the most sensitive neuropsychological test for early detection. This study investigated sustained and selective attention, processing speed, and the inhibition process using a sample of people divided into three groups mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease and cognitively healthy controls selected and grouped based on their scores in the Mini Mental State Examination and Cambridge Cognitive Examination-revised. Three tests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (Motor Screening Task, Stop Signal Task and Reaction time) were used as well as the d2 attention test. The results show that that participants with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease showed lower levels of concentration compared with the cognitively healthy controls group in the d2 test and longer reaction times in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, although the differences were not marked in the latter test. The impairments in basic cognitive processes, such as reaction time and sustained attention, indicate the need to take these functions into account in the test protocols when discriminating between normal aging and early and preclinical dementia processes.

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