scholarly journals A Case Report on Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Sanket V. Madavi ◽  
Samruddhi Gujar ◽  
Ranjana Sharma ◽  
Ruchira Ankar ◽  
Savita Pohekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Intervention Patient

Introduction: A germ cell is a type of Tumor that arises from germ cell (GCT). Germ cell tumors are both cancerous and benign. The gonads contains majority of germ cell (ovary and testis). GCT that arise outside the gonads could be the result of embryo devlopment errors. Clinical Findings: Abdominal mass without pain, backache, and weight loss. Diagnostic Evaluation: HCG and alphafetoprotein level in the blood identifying women with malignant ovarian germ cell tumor is beneficial. Serum alphafetoprotein and HCG is elevated as condition progress. Therapeutic Intervention: Patient treated with inj. Bleomycin, inj. Cisplatin, inj.Etoposide, tab Pan 40 miligram and inj. Emset. Conclusion: A 3year old female was admitted in AVBRH Sawangi Meghe wardha with the major complaint of right abdominal swelling for 6 month, both when they observed abdominal mass without pain and swelling was small in size and backache and weight loss.

scholarly journals Recurrence of a Mediastinal Germ-Cell Tumor as a Somatic-Type Malignancy: A Complex Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9310
Author(s):  
Caroline C. C. Hulsker ◽  
Mariëtte E. G. Kranendonk ◽  
Thomas F. Eleveld ◽  
Ad J. M. Gillis ◽  
Cornelis P. van de Ven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Complex Case ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Cell Malignancy

Background and case: An adolescent male presented with a second mediastinal tumor 1.5 years after treatment of a proven malignant germ-cell tumor in that location. The differential diagnosis included a recurrent germ-cell tumor or a non-germ cell malignancy. Serum tumor markers alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) were negative. The first biopsy was not informative, and the second biopsy gave a broad differential diagnosis including secondary non-germ cell malignancy using histology and immunohistochemistry. DNA methylation profiling, RNA sequencing, and targeted microRNA371a-3p profiling was subsequently performed, without a supportive result. After resection of the tumor the definitive diagnosis yielded two secondary non-germ cell malignancies in the form of a leiomyosarcoma and a solitary neuro endocrine carcinoma (NEC). In spite of the differences between the molecular profiles of the initial germ-cell tumor, the leiomyosarcoma and large-cell NEC are clonally related, as determined by the presence of identical chromosomal breakpoints. The copy number profiles suggest an initial polyploidization step, followed by various independent chromosomal gains and losses. This case demonstrates that germ-cell tumors must be evaluated carefully, including molecularly, in which the non-germ cell malignancy is negative for miR-371a-3p, both in tissue as well as in serum, in contrast to the primary tumor. We conclude that the patient presented with a primary type II mediastinal GCT and, a year and a half later, followed by a leiomyosarcoma and a large-cell NEC presenting as two secondary somatic-type malignancies clonally related to the original GCT. Conclusions: Malignant germ-cell tumors are known to recur as a somatic-type malignancy in very rare cases. This case report illustrates the challenges faced in defining the nature and clonality of the secondary somatic-type malignancies.

scholarly journals The Role of Surgical Resection as A Salvage Therapy and Immunohistochemical Stain to Confirm Mediastinal Yolk Sac Tumor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Dwi Agustina ◽  
◽  
Suryanti Pratiwi ◽  
Diah Retnani ◽  
Artono Isharanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumor ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Immunohistochemical Stain

Background: Mediastinal germ cell tumors are uncommon, representing less than 1% of all malignancies. They mostly occur in young men after puberty and have a poor prognosis with over all long term survival rate 42%. Case Report: We reported a case report in Saiful Anwar Malang Hospital, Indonesia, a young man, 26 years old with an anterior mediastinum tumor and VCSS The CT scan of the chest showed an anterosuperior mediastinal mass which compress the superior vena cava. The result from transthoracic FNAB with USG guidance showed an extragonadal germ cell tumor which resemble an Embryonal Carcinoma from mediastinum. The AFP serum level was elevated. Patient underwent a radiotherapy and a surgical debulking. The biopsy showed an Endodermal Sinus Tumor (Yolk Sac). Immunohistochemical stain for cytokeratin was positive in the tumor cells while stain for CD30 was negative. These were confirming the diagnosis of primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor. Patient received a combination chemotherapy for a total 6 cycles. Conclusion: Some procedures like biopsy, tumor marker, immunohistochemical stain, could differentiate the subtype of mediastinal germ cell tumor. The multimodality treatment by combining chemotherapy with surgical therapy or radiotherapy could increase the survival outcome of patients.

Nivolumab for the salvage treatment of desperate germ cell tumor: A case report

2020 ◽  
pp. 107815522097763
Author(s):  
MS Aksun ◽  
E Ucgul ◽  
TK Sahin ◽  
DC Guven ◽  
S Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell

Introduction Testicular germ cell tumors (GCT) are the most common tumor in young men. Their distinctive feature is the exceptional response to platin based combination chemotherapy.Since the prognosis is poor in relapsed and refractory patients, the immune checkpoint inhibitors are candidate agents in these patients although clinical trials are mostly lacking. Herein, we describe a patient with a refractory nonseminomatous GCT using nivolumab as a last resort therapy and provided long term response without any significant toxicity. Case report A 41-year-old male presented with the complaint of flank pain eleven years ago. The patient underwent a retroperitoneal lymph node excision and pathology reported as the mixed germ cell tumor. There were no mass in the testicles and the patient was diagnosed with a primary retroperitoneal GCT. Since the disease has progressed under multiple lines of chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation, treatment was started with nivolumab. Management and outcome The patient started to treatment with nivolumab 3 mg/kg two weekly as a last resort treatment. The nivolumab was continued and the patient's response to this treatment is ongoing and has been stable for 13 months. Discussion There are limited treatment options in platinum-refractory germ cell tumors. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors tried in this setting with some success in especially non-seminomatous GCTs. We see a good response and prolonged benefit with the use of nivolumab in our patient. Further research including prospective studies on the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in platinum-resistant testicular cancer can further delineate the role of immunotherapy.

scholarly journals Successful Therapy on Patients with Yolksac and Embrional Carcinoma by Surgery and Chemotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Fahmi Prasetya ◽  
◽  
Susanthy Djajalaksana ◽  
Diah Retnani ◽  
Artono sharanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Epithelial Tumor ◽  
Superior Mediastinum ◽  
Malignant Epithelial Tumor ◽  
Tumor Debulking

Background: Malignant mixed germ cell tumors account for 13-25% of all non seminoma germ cell tumors, almost all cases were found in males (85%), increased in the third decade, and had an average survival rate of 40-45%. With modern management the average 5-year survival rate can be over 80%. Case Report: We reported a case report in Saiful Anwar Malang Hospital, Indonesia, a young man, 26 years old with an malignant epithelial tumor derived from mediastinal or lung. The CT scan of the chest showed an lobulated solid mass of iso-hipodens on the anterior superior mediastinum, mass encompassing the aortic arch, left pulmonalis artery, subclavian artery. The result from transthoracic FNAB with USG guidance showed an malignant epithelial tumor derived from mediastinal or lung, impression of an adeno squamous carcinoma. The AFP, LDH, and NSE serum level was elevated. Patient underwent a surgical sternotomy and tumor debulking. The biopsy showed an malignant mixed germ cell tumor (yolksac and embrional carcinoma). These were confirming the diagnosis of malignant mixed germ cell mediastinal tumor (yolksac and embrinonal carcinoma). Patient received a combination bleomycin, etoposid, cisplatin 3 series chemoteraphy and evaluated. Conclusion: Some procedures like biopsy, tumor marker, could differentiate the subtype of mediastinal germ cell tumor. The multimodality treatment by combining surgical therapy (surgical sternotomy and tumor debulking) with chemotherapy could increase the survival rate of patients.

The case of prenatal diagnosis of a germ cell tumor of the fetal ovary

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.N. Bondarenko, E.Yu. Andreeva , N.B. Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Fetal Ovary ◽  
Entire Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Spontaneous Delivery

A case of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of a rare congenital ovarian tumor is presented. By ultrasound examination at 36–37 weeks of gestation the intra-abdominal mass 66  47  74 mm occupying the entire abdominal cavity was discovered. At 38 weeks of pregnancy spontaneous delivery occurred with girl weight 2840 g. On the eighth day after birth the child has been successfully undergone surgery. Histological examination revealed congenital germ-cell tumor with structures of dysgerminoma and yolk sac tumor.

scholarly journals GCT-06. DIAGNOSIS OF A RARE CASE OF RECURRENT GERM CELL TUMOR BY CSF PLACENTAL ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE PRESENTING WITH DIFFUSE INTRAAXIAL ABNORMALITY IN THE LOWER BRAINSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii329-iii329
Author(s):  
Hiroki Yamada ◽  
Tomohiro Abiko ◽  
Hirokazu Fujiwara ◽  
Kazunari Yoshida ◽  
Hikaru Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Placental Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Steroid Pulse ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy

Abstract INTRODUCTION Germ cell tumors in the central nervous system (CNS) typically arise either at suprasellar and/or pineal region, and occasionally at basal ganglia. We report a case of diagnostically challenging, recurrent germ cell tumor presented with diffuse intraaxial abnormality in and across the lower brainstem, which was diagnosed by the elevated placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) level in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CASE DESCRIPTION: A 28-year-old man had been treated by chemoradiotherapy at the previous hospital for bifocal suprasellar and pineal lesions with the provisional diagnosis of germinoma without histological confirmation. Three years later, he presented with progressive weakness of bilateral extremities for weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a diffuse, bilaterally symmetric high intensity lesion on T2-weighted image with slight contrast enhancement across the ventral side of the medulla oblongata to the upper cervical spinal cord. Serum and CSF hCG, hCG-β, and AFP were all negative. Since the image findings were atypical for recurrent germ cell tumor, some kind of myelitis was initially suspected. Therefore, steroid pulse therapy was administered. However, the patient’s symptom was still gradually progressing. Then, the CSF PLAP turned out to be positive, indicating the recurrence of germinoma. Accordingly, platinum-based chemotherapy was administered, and the imaging findings, patient’s symptoms, and CSF PLAP began to improve. The patient is to be treated with radiotherapy following chemotherapy. CONCLUSION We report a rare case of CNS germ cell tumor that presented with diffuse intraaxial lesion in the lower brainstem in which examination of CSF PLAP was extremely useful.

Suprasellar Mixed Germ Cell Tumor: Case Report

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Eun Ja Lee ◽  
Hye Kyung Lee ◽  
Mi Sung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Mixed Germ Cell Tumor
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