Rare case of mucinous colon adenocarcinoma in a teenager: case study

A rare clinical case of a malignant epithelial tumor in an adolescent, 16 old — mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon with invasion of the intestinal wall, growth into the mesentery, retroperitoneal space and regional lymph node is presented. The article presents data on epidemiology, features of the clinical course, predisposing factors in malignant epithelial tumors of the gastrointestinal tract in children and adolescents.

Knockdown of LncRNA PANDAR by CRISPR-dCas9 Decreases Proliferation and Increases Apoptosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant epithelial tumor in the oral cavity. Emerging evidence has demonstrated the important function roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in human cancers. LncRNA promoter of CDKN1A antisense DNA damage activated RNA (PANDAR) functions as an oncogene in multiple carcinomas, whereas its function in OSCC has not been investigated yet. The aim of our study is to investigate the possible regulatory mechanism of PANDAR in OSCC. First of all, PANDAR was highly expressed in OSCC cells and loss-of-function assays mediated by CRISPR-dCas9 observed that PANDAR silencing restrained cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. Then we found and confirmed the interaction between PANDAR and serine and arginine rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7). Subsequently, serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1 (PIM1) was proved to be regulated by PANDAR in SRSF7-dependant way. Rescue experiments validated that PANDAR modulated the proliferation and apoptosis in OSCC through PIM1. In conclusion, PANDAR bound with SRSF7 to increase PIM1 expression, hence promoting the development of OSCC. These data shed new lights into the seeking for effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for OSCC patients.

Successful Therapy on Patients with Yolksac and Embrional Carcinoma by Surgery and Chemotherapy

Background: Malignant mixed germ cell tumors account for 13-25% of all non seminoma germ cell tumors, almost all cases were found in males (85%), increased in the third decade, and had an average survival rate of 40-45%. With modern management the average 5-year survival rate can be over 80%. Case Report: We reported a case report in Saiful Anwar Malang Hospital, Indonesia, a young man, 26 years old with an malignant epithelial tumor derived from mediastinal or lung. The CT scan of the chest showed an lobulated solid mass of iso-hipodens on the anterior superior mediastinum, mass encompassing the aortic arch, left pulmonalis artery, subclavian artery. The result from transthoracic FNAB with USG guidance showed an malignant epithelial tumor derived from mediastinal or lung, impression of an adeno squamous carcinoma. The AFP, LDH, and NSE serum level was elevated. Patient underwent a surgical sternotomy and tumor debulking. The biopsy showed an malignant mixed germ cell tumor (yolksac and embrional carcinoma). These were confirming the diagnosis of malignant mixed germ cell mediastinal tumor (yolksac and embrinonal carcinoma). Patient received a combination bleomycin, etoposid, cisplatin 3 series chemoteraphy and evaluated. Conclusion: Some procedures like biopsy, tumor marker, could differentiate the subtype of mediastinal germ cell tumor. The multimodality treatment by combining surgical therapy (surgical sternotomy and tumor debulking) with chemotherapy could increase the survival rate of patients.

Analysis of breast true-cut biopsies by applying immunohistochemical study of myoepithelial markers

Objective: Breast pathologies are very common in women. Breast cancer is the most common and most frequent cause of death in women. The most common type of breast cancer is invasive ductal carcinoma. Histopathological examination of the tissue taken with a fine needle aspiration biopsy or true-cut biopsy is the main diagnostic method when clinical examination of breast and/ or radiological mass is detected. The definitive diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of the breast is important in the form of treatment. The most important features in the diagnosis of breast cancer are atypical cellular features such as invasion, desmoplasia, pleomorphism, hyperchromasia, nuclear irregularity, prominent nucleoli, high mitosis count. Loss of myoepithelial layer in the malignant cases is a very important feature in the diagnosis. Aim of this study is to evaluate the benign and malignant breast pathologies with the immunohistochemical panel. Material and Methods: 52 breast true-cut biopsy materials in the archives of Department of Pathology at Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University between 2015-2017 were re-examined with the immunohistochemical panel. The immunohistochemical staining markers such as estrogen, progesterone, cerb-B2, E-cadherin, P63, CD10, calponin, CK5/6 have been applied in all cases. Results: 23 cases were a benign disease such as fibroadenoma, adenosis, fibrosis, fibrocystic changes, and intraductal papilloma. 29 cases were a malignant epithelial tumor. Conclusion: In the diagnosis of breast cancers, mainly cellular properties are determinative. The evaluation with the immunohistochemical panel will reduce the risk of diagnostic error when the cases that difficultly diagnosed with cellular properties.

Primary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Frontal Sinus: Case Description of a Previously Unreported Entity and Literature Review

Sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare malignant epithelial tumor characterized by slow growth, multiple local recurrences, and perineural invasion; surgery followed by radiotherapy provides the best overall survival by means of an endoscopic, craniofacial, or combined approach. We present a previously undescribed case of frontal sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma involving the subcutaneous tissue and the dura mater treated with an open technique, free flap reconstruction, and hadron therapy together with a summary of the state of the art.

Provision of Gefitinib as Targeted Therapy in Lung Adenocarcinoma with EGFR Mutation and Brain Metastatic

Adenocarcinoma is a malignant epithelial tumor with glandular differentiation or mucin production. Adenocarcinoma covers 30% of lung cancers in Europe and America. This report described a case of an unusual chronic headache since 3 years ago without any complementing symptom except for nausea. The primary tumor was detected with Thorax CT scan and confirmed by histopathology examination. Patient treated with gefitinib (1 x 250 mg) and showed a satisfying result. Gefitinib, as first-line therapy for patients with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) mutation, was effective and well-tolerated in this patient.

Gankyrin Drives Malignant Transformation of Gastric Cancer and Alleviates Oxidative Stress via mTORC1 Activation

Gastric cancer, as a malignant epithelial tumor, is a major health threat leading to poor overall survival and death. It is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage due to asymptomatic or only nonspecific early symptoms. The present study demonstrated that gankyrin contributes to the early malignant transformation of gastric cancer and can be selected to predict the risk of gastric cancer in those patients harboring the precancerous lesions (dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia). In addition, a new insight into gastric cancer was provided, which stated that gankyrin alleviates oxidative stress via mTORC1 pathway activation. It can potentiate the mTORC1 by PGK1-AKT signaling that promotes the tumor process, and this phenomenon is not completely consistent with the previous report describing colorectal cancer.

Persistent Elevation of CA 19-9 Levels in the Long-term Follow-up before Laryngeal Cancer

ABSTRACT Introduction CA 19-9 is used as a tumor marker in colon, pancreas, biliary, and gastric cancers. Laryngeal cancer is the most common malignant epithelial tumor among head and neck cancers and has no specific tumor marker. Case report A 66-year-old male patient had severe reflux symptoms during 5 years and had an isolated CA 19-9 elevation. Follow-up analysis revealed that he had larynx cancer and after laryngectomy, CA 19-9 levels decreased to normal range. Discussion Currently, CA 19-9 is not a marker for malignancy. Laryngeal carcinoma has no specific tumor marker, but laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma may be manifested by elevated CA 19-9 levels. How to cite this article Özkan H, Karakaya F, Karaeren Z, Perçinel S. Persistent Elevation of CA 19-9 Levels in the Long-term Follow-up before Laryngeal Cancer. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):92-94.