scholarly journals Double Helix Structure of Photon

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Sennian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wave Beam ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Mechanical Equilibrium ◽  
Particle Properties ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
Helix Structure ◽  
Double Helix Structure ◽  
Em Theory ◽  
Almost All

Does photon have structure, what structure? A useful clue is: The EM theory predicts that the helical distribution of vector EH plus speed  makes the angular momentum of the circular polarized light.  Photon possesses speed  and spin , weather its spin and other basic properties are also owing to the similar EH structure plus ? We are going to find out the answer. Starting from an ordinary symmetrical EM-wave beam, we do not presuppose it having any relation with the photon and quantization. We will prove the symmetrical wave beam is circular polarized; it is composed of an -energy packet and a conical (EM) wave with much smaller energy. The energy packet is a small and thin slice of circular polarized EH field wrapped by a cylindrical side membrane with helically distributed . Mechanical equilibrium between  and stresses  in the side membrane and the EH field inside construct a very steady structure to keep its integrity and energy. The energy-packet will be proved having almost all the basic properties we used to know for the photon(s). It floats on the front of the conical (EM) wave. They move with the same phase until meeting an obstacle. The energy packet and accompanying wave satisfy the same circular polarized wave function and play a role together in the processes of emission, absorption and interference. They show wave particle properties all the time. It seems such EM train can be reasonably treated as a photon and vice versa.

Light Scattering and Flow Dichroism Studies on DNA After the Photoreaction with Psoralen

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marciani ◽  
M. Terbojevic ◽  
F. Dall’Acqua
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Heat Denaturation ◽  
Scattering Measurements ◽  
Helix Structure ◽  
Double Helix Structure

Light scattering measurements performed on DNA after irradiation in the presence of psoralen clearly show that inter strand cross linkings are present in the macromolecule. In fact after heat denaturation and successive cooling irradiated macromolecule shows a molecular weight practically unchanged while a DNA sample after the same treatment shows a molecular weight half of the intact native DNA. Also the general conformation of irradiated DNA undergoes practically to no modifications after the same heat treatment while native DNA shows itself to have been strongly modified. Moreover, on the basis of flow dichroism determinations, DNA cross-linked by psoralen after heat denaturation showed to be able to restore its ordered double helix structure, during the successive cooling.

The Effect of Crystal Packing on Oligonucleotide Double Helix Structure

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Dickerson ◽  
David S. Goodsell ◽  
Mary L. Kopka ◽  
Philip E. Pjura
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Packing ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Helix Structure ◽  
Double Helix Structure

Imaging of the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) Double Helix Structure by Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (Part 2, No. 11A) ◽  
pp. L1211-L1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Maeda ◽  
Takuya Matsumoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Tanaka ◽  
Tomoji Kawai
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Helix Structure ◽  
Double Helix Structure

scholarly journals C3′ Stereocentre of Furanose Determines the Helicity of Double-Stranded Nucleic Acids: Towards Etiology of Nucleic Acids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
Amol Tagad ◽  
G. Naresh Patwari
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Structural Transition ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Helical Structure ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Toggle Switch ◽  
Helix Structure ◽  
Double Helix Structure ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

ABSTRACTRibose containing double-stranded nucleic acids exhibit helical structure, whereas sugar modified (xeno) nucleic acids may exhibit different structural features. The structural landscape of four stereo variants of furanosal nucleic acids and their C2′ deoxy counterparts, explored with molecular dynamics simulations, suggest that the configuration at the C3′ position plays a pivotal role in determining the helicity. The C3′ stereocentre acts as toggle-switch for the helix to ladder structural transformation by changing the nature of intra-strand interactions resulting in the optimal helices for ribose containing double-stranded nucleic acids. Interestingly, lack of chirality at the C2′ position results in better quality helices than inversion of stereochemistry relative to ribose. The etiology of furanosal-RNA over other furanoses can be hypothesized based on the helical structure, which can effectively be exploited by the biological machinery.SIGNIFICANCEThe double helix structure of furanosal RNA is governed by the configuration at the C3′ position. Furanose sugars such as xylose and lyxose where in the configuration at the C3′ position is inverted relative to the ribose do not form double helix structure, instead result in ladder-like structure. The configuration at the C3′ position acts as a toggle switch for the helix to ladder structural transition. Among four furanose sugars viz., ribose, arabinose, xylose, and lyxose, the double-stranded nucleic acids incorporating ribose form helices with best aspect ratio between major and minor grooves.

scholarly journals A Sensitive Fluorescence Biosensor for Silver Ions (Ag+) Detection Based on C-Ag+-C Structure and Exonuclease III-Assisted Dual-Recycling Amplification

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubin Li ◽  
Jiaming Yuan ◽  
Zexi Xu
Keyword(s):  
Double Helix ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Exonuclease Iii ◽  
Quadruplex Dna ◽  
G Quadruplex ◽  
Helix Structure ◽  
Double Helix Structure ◽  
Exo Iii ◽  
Fluorescence Biosensor ◽  
Recycling Amplification

A C-Ag+-C structure-based fluorescence biosensor with novel combination design of exonuclease III (Exo III) dual-recycling amplification is proposed for the application of silver ions (Ag+) detection. Since oligo-1 involves C-C mismatches, the presence of Ag+ can be captured to form C-Ag+-C base pairs, which results in a double-helix structure with a blunt terminus. The double-helix structure can be cleaved by EXO III to release short mononucleotide fragments (trigger DNA) and Ag+. Released Ag+ can form new bindings with oligo-1, and other trigger DNA can be produced in the digestion cycles. Hybridization with the signal DNA (oligo-2) transforms a trigger DNA into double-stranded DNA with blunt terminus which can be cleaved by Exo III to reproduce the trigger DNA and form guanine- (G-) quadruplex DNA. The trigger DNA returns free to the solution and hybridizes with another signal DNA, which realizes the dual-recycling amplification. The G-quadruplex DNA can be reported by N-methylmesoporphyrin IX (NMM), a specific G-quadruplex DNA fluorochrome. This method allows Ag+ to be determined in the 5 to 1500 pmol/L concentration range, with a 2 pmol/L detection limit, and it has been successfully applied to the detection of Ag+ in real samples.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Assembly of an Organic-Inorganic Nucleic Acid Z-DNA Double-Helix Structure

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1141-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Kulikov ◽  
Naomi A. B. Johnson ◽  
Andrew J. Surman ◽  
Marie Hutin ◽  
Sharon M. Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Helix Structure ◽  
Z Dna ◽  
Double Helix Structure ◽  
Dna Double Helix
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