scholarly journals COASTAL ENVIRONMENT AND A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

1976 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Ralph A. De la Parra
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Total Current ◽  
Sandy Bottom ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Commercial Operation

Regulatory requirements and social constraints make it necessary to evaluate the environmental effects of a project and to incorporate into the design features to minimize adverse environmental impacts. This paper presents a case history of efforts to meet these requirements for a coastal power plant in southern California, Southern California Edison Company and San Diego Gas & Electric Company are jointly now constructing two additional units to the existing San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station, Being added are Units 2 and 3, The site, about 84 acres (34 ha,), is located within Camp Pendleton, a United States Marine Corps Base, about halfway between San Diego and Los Angeles, Califoria, The site (See Figure 1) is situated on the edge of a narrow coastal plain that extends from the coastline to a range of low hills, two miles inland, that have a maximum elevation of 1,725 feet (525 m) above sea level. The plain terminates at the beach in a line of wave-straightened cliffs, extending 60 to 80 feet (18 to 24m) above a narrow sandy beach. Numerous ravines are cut into the cliffs as a result of erosion by storm runoff from the coastal plain, Oceanographic features at the San Onofre site include a sandy bottom which slopes gradually to a depth of 60 feet (18 m) at about 10,000 feet (3,000 m) offshore. Mean maximum summer surface water temperature is about 73°F (23°C). During the fall and winter the water column is usually thermally homogeneous with a minimum temperature of approximately 56°F (13°C). Ocean currents at the site are chiefly tidally induced, although large scale low velocity circulation patterns are generally present. Very near to the southern California coast, local currents are influenced primarily by a combination of wind, tide, and local topography. The total current is ordinarily the sum of components due to wind, tide, and perhaps large-scale ocean circulations. Speed of the total current measured at San Onofre typically ranges from 0.10 to 1,75 knots, but averages 0.2 knots. San Onofre, Units 2 and 3 are being constructed southeast of, and immediately adjacent to existing Unit 1. Both the existing and the units under construction generate electrical power by using pressurized water nuclear reactors. Unit 1 has a capacity of 450 MWe and began commercial operation in 1968, Units 2 and 3 will each have a rated electrical output of 1,100 MWe. Commercial operation of Unit 2 is scheduled to begin in October 1981, and Unit 3 in January of 1983,

Noise-Based Monitoring of Spatiotemporal Changes in Crustal Seismic Wavespeed across Southern California

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shujuan Mao ◽  
Albanne Lecointre ◽  
Qingyu Wang ◽  
Robert van der Hilst ◽  
Michel Campillo
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Salton Sea ◽  
Coda Wave ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
Pressurized Fluids

<p>Monitoring temporal changes in seismic wavespeed can inform our understanding of the evolution of crustal rocks’ mechanical state caused by perturbations in stress field, damages, and fluids. Furthermore, imaging these time-lapse changes in space can help unravel the response of rocks with different elastic properties. In this study, we analyze the spatiotemporal variations of seismic wavespeed in Southern California from 2007 to 2017. We compute the Green’s functions by daily cross-correlations using ambient noise at over three hundred broadband seismic stations. Instead of calculating simply the linear regressions of travel-time shifts over lag-times, which only resolves homogeneous changes, we scrutinize the variations of travel-time shifts at different lag-times and frequencies using coda-wave sensitivity kernels, in order to probe the spatial distribution of wavespeed changes. The long-term and large-scale analysis allows us to investigate the mechanical response of different crustal materials to various transient processes. As an example we use the 2010 Mw 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah Earthquake (EMC) and show that large coseismic wavespeed reductions occur in Salton Sea area and the Los Angeles sedimentary basin. In the latter region, the ground motion amplification and high susceptibility of sedimentary materials explain the remote signature of the earthquake. In the Salton Sea region, particularly in the geothermal area with highly pressurized fluids, the non-linear crustal response illustrated by wavespeed changes can be analyzed with regard to the high-level micro-seismicity triggered by EMC.</p>

Ukraine’s First Large-Scale CFB 200 MWe Anthracite Fired Starobeshevo Power Plant

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor A. Shevtchenko ◽  
Werner Franke ◽  
Peter Gummel ◽  
Marian Kotrus ◽  
George von Wedel
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Cfb Boiler ◽  
Commercial Operation ◽  
European Regulations ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

JSC Donbassenergo, a major utility in the Ukraine, is operating power plants of approx. 3500 MW, mostly operated with their local fuel anthracite. As the existing facilities are reaching their age a strategy has been developed to apply state-of-the-art technology for revamping. On this basis the decision has been taken to replace boiler No. 4 of the Starobeshevo Power Plant with a boiler based on CFB technology. The unit is designed for 670 t/h of superheated and 538 t/h of reheated steam with 545 / 543 °C and 13.2 / 2.5 MPa temperature and pressure to account for the existing steam turbine which generates 200 MW electricity. Fuels used are a local anthracite and anthracite sludge left from coal washing and which is available in large quantities. Emissions are designed in accordance with European regulations allowing 200 mg/m3 (STP) for NOX and 200 mg/m3 (STP) for SO2. A basic description of the overall plant will be given. Details on the design of the CFB boiler which is equipped with Lurgi’s patented pant-leg and other design issues will be explained. Operating results from the commissioning and first commercial operation will be presented.

Availability Study of Large Scale Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power Plants in Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 839 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Phairot Phanukan ◽  
Nipon Ketjoy
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
First Year ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Commercial Operation ◽  
Large Scale Grid ◽  
Scale Grid

This article presents the availability of 4 large scale grid connected photovoltaic (PV) power plants that located in Petchaboon, Nakhon Sawan, and Chai Nat province of Thailand. These power plant size are 4.5 MW and 6.5 MW. In addition, they are constructed with the same platform, component, and commercial operation date (COD) in the same year. The data were collected during 1st August 2012 to 31st October 2014. The study result found that availability of these power plant is over 97 % every year except Nakhon Sawan 1 plant in the first year. The internal unavailability trend is quickly reduce while external unavailability is randomly fluctuation.

Filipino Festivals in Southern California

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Talusan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern California ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Filipino Americans ◽  
Folk Dance ◽  
Jose Rizal

Filipino festivals (also “Philippine festivals”) in southern California are lively, dynamic events that draw multigenerational and multicultural crowds to enjoy food, partake in traditional games and crafts, buy Filipino pride gear, and watch a variety of acts that showcase the talent and creativity of Filipino Americans. Inclusive of those who identify as immigrant, U.S.-born, and transnational, Filipinos from across the region convene to express pride and promote visibility as an overlooked and marginalized ethnic group in the United States. The first public performances by Filipinos in the United States were in exhibits curated by colonial officials at the St. Louis World’s Fair in 1904 to justify colonization of the Philippines. Presented as an uncivilized people in need of American tutelage, this stereotyping of Filipinos as primitives motivated pensionados or students from the Philippines to represent themselves; they organized Rizal Day starting in 1905, which valorized national Philippine hero José Rizal, in order to highlight their identity as modern, educated people. New immigrants, who were mostly rural, single men from the northern Philippines, arrived in the 1930s and frequented taxi dance halls in which Filipino jazz musicians and dancers flourished. Yet the established Filipino community criticized these venues as places of vice that were lacking in family and traditional cultural values. Philippine folk dances were not prevalent among Filipino Americans until after the Philippine Bayanihan Folk Dance Company appeared on the Ed Sullivan Show in 1958. Due to their influence, Filipino American folk dance troupes were established across the nation, presenting Philippine cultures through stylistically diverse dances such as the Indigenous or Tribal suite, the Muslim or “Moro” suite, and the Maria Clara or Spanish-influenced suite. Folk dance performance became a hallmark of festivals such as the Philippine Folk Festival, which has been held annually in San Diego since 1979 (renamed the Philippine Cultural Arts Festival in 1996). In Los Angeles, the Festival of Philippine Arts and Culture began in 1992, attracting thousands from around the region. These large-scale public Filipino festivals in southern California offer opportunities to gain insight into the variety of ways in which Filipino Americans creatively express a range of experiences, interests, and concerns. While folk dance troupes and traditional music ensembles such as Spanish-influenced rondalla (plucked string instruments) are most visibly tied to representations of Philippine traditions, rappers, DJs, spoken word artists, hip-hop dance crews, R&B singers, and rock bands demonstrate Filipinos’ mastery of American popular forms. With origins in community celebrations since the early 1900s, Filipino festivals of the early 21st century reflect changes and continuities in California’s Filipino communities, which have adapted to internal dynamics, larger societal forces, and engagement with the homeland of the Philippines.

scholarly journals Diurnal Climatology of the Boundary Layer in Southern California Using AMDAR Temperature and Wind Profiles

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1123-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Rahn ◽  
Christopher J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Boundary Layer Height

AbstractObservations from commercial aircraft [e.g., the Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) automated weather reports] have been increasing dramatically. Two main applications of the aircraft data are use in short-term forecasts and assimilation into numerical weather prediction models. Now that more than 10 years of measurements exist, using this dataset to construct a description of the long-term climatological behavior (a “climatology”) of the lower atmosphere is explored with two main objectives. The first objective is to examine strengths and weaknesses of using the dataset to construct a climatology of the lower atmosphere. Unlike the traditional twice-daily radiosonde launches, the high frequency of observations at major airports allows for an unprecedented set of diurnal information at many locations globally. The second objective is to obtain a climatology of the lower atmosphere of Southern California, specifically at Los Angeles, San Diego, and Ontario, during the spring and summer when the boundary layer is well defined and easily detected. The June 2001–14 climatology reveals that the deepening of the boundary layer overnight is consistent with a cloud-topped boundary layer. Whereas the average boundary layer height decreases right after sunrise at San Diego, at Los Angeles the deeper boundary layer persists about 4 h after sunrise and then decreases rapidly over 2 h as the onshore sea breeze strengthens. Morning intrusions of the marine air inland are easily detected at Ontario in some months but are practically nonexistent during July and August.

Scaling Application of a Hot Leg SBLOCA Scenario to a Nuclear Power Plant

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Querol ◽  
Sergio Gallardo ◽  
Gumersindo Verdú
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Integral Test ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Choked Flow

Several experimental facilities, such as the Large Scale Test Facility (LSTF) of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), have been built to reproduce some accidental scenarios because full-scale testing is usually impossible to perform. One of the objectives of these Integral Test Facilities (ITFs) is to obtain measured data to be compared to simulations in order to test the capability of the thermalhydraulic codes to reproduce experimental conditions. The applicability of these experimental results to a full-size power plant system depends on the scaling criteria adopted. The present paper is focused on the simulation and the scaling of the Test 1-2 in the frame of the OECD/NEA ROSA Project to a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). This test simulates a hot leg 1% Small Break Loss-Of-Coolant Accident (SBLOCA) in a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) under the actuation of High Pressure Injection (HPI) system and Accumulator Injection System (AIS). A scaled-up NPP TRACE5 input has been developed from a LSTF TRACE5 model validated by authors in previous works. The scaled-up model has been developed conserving the power-to-volume scaling ratios of LSTF components, initial and boundary conditions. Lengths and diameters of hot legs have been scaled from LSTF model trying to conserve Froude number. A comparison between both TRACE5 models (LSTF and scaled-up NPP) is performed (system pressures, discharged inventory and collapsed liquid levels). Special TRACE5 models such as Choked flow model and OFFTAKE model have been tested. A 3D VESSEL component has been tested in comparison to 1D TEE component to simulate the hot leg where the SBLOCA is located and varying the break orientation (downwards and upwards). Finally, a sensitivity analysis has been made to determine the effect of the break size in the SBLOCA range.

By the Numbers

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
David L. Ulin ◽  
Joshua Comer
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Google Books

In this article the authors explore the use of “California,” its translations, and associated phrases in the nine languages collected in the Google Books corpora since 1525. The article graphs the use across time, analyzes the data, and considers some of the reasons behind the peaks and troughs of the usage of “California” and related phrases. For those new to computational corpus analysis, this article introduces the techniques and concepts of corpus analysis, explains the strengths and weaknesses of large-scale, longitudinal studies of language, and describes the specific methods applied in this analysis. Across all languages, the frequency of “California” increases steadily until the late 1990s. The article also examine the use of the notable but infrequently used phrase “California dream.” Visualizations of the analyses accompany the article, as well as additional graphs comparing the use of Los Angeles to San Francisco and Northern California to Southern California since 1800.

“A Sketch of Some of the Earliest Kentucky Pioneers of Los Angeles,” by Stephen C. Foster

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-354
Author(s):  
Iris H. W. Engstrand
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Southern California ◽  
California Missions

Nathaniel Pryor arrived in California in 1828 as a fur-trapper. He was jailed temporarily in San Diego, experienced the kindness of Californios, and found employment as a silversmith in southern California missions. He settled in Los Angeles, where he resided for over twenty years until his death in 1850. His friend Stephen C. Foster recounted Pryor’s story in 1887.

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