Thermo-physical Investigations of oils, N-(2-aminoethyl)oleamide and Resulting Gels using TGA-DSC

Edible vegetable oils were gelled by using N-(2-aminoethyl)-oleamide. Oils in their free state were subjected to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis. The gels of these oils were prepared by using N-(2-aminoethyl)-oleamide as gelator and similar thermal analysis of the gels was carried out. The thermal analysis data obtained was used to determine specific heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp). The values were compared with the reported values of heat capacities. It is observed that the thermal properties and transitions of oils and gels, specific heat capacity is helpful parameter to understand the fundamentals of gels and gelation strategies.

Physical, Thermal Stability, and Mechanical Characteristics of New Bioplastic Elastomer from Blends Cassava and Tannia Starches as Green Material

This paper presents the study results of the morphology, physical properties, thermal stability, and mechanics of bioplastic blends made from tannia and cassava starch, with a varying weight from 0 to 95%. The addition of tannia to the cassava starch-based bioplastic composition has the ability to reduce the number of pores, density, and water absorption with an average thickness of 0.21-0.29 mm. It also increased moisture content due to its nature, which is more hydrophilic than cassava starch. The result showed that the tensile strength of bioplastic ranged from 0.81-1.33 MPa and elongated from 31-35%. In addition, the thermal analysis data showed that the glass transition temperature shifted marginally due to intermolecular activity. This shows that tannia starch has promising potential as an alternative raw material for bioplastics to replace cassava starch which is more dominantly used as a food source.

Fire Protection of Building Constructions with the Use of Fire-Retardant Intumescent Compositions

The influence of basic components of intumescent paint on fire protection properties is studied. The resulting changes in properties are assessed by the intumescence coefficient and thermal analysis data. Influence of the binder polymer composition on fire protection properties under the same conditions was evaluated, quantitatively using the example of fire-retardant water-dispersion paint; the best result was obtained in the formulation based on vinyl acetate copolymers. The brands of ammonium polyphosphate (PFA) from different manufacturers were investigated under the same conditions. The results of the thermal analysis and testing of the physicochemical properties of the samples on various PFAs are presented, with conclusions about their influence on the fire-retardant properties of the paint. The results of the thermal analysis of the influence of orthophosphoric acid, as a modifying additive, on the fire-retardant properties of the paint are presented.

Cobalt(II) Metal-organic Framework as Scintillating Material

Novel cobalt(II) metal-organic framework was grown by the reaction of a methanol solution of 8-hydroxyquinoline and benzoic acid with aqueous solution of cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate using slow solvent evaporation. The X-ray luminescence of the synthesized compound showed vibronic peaks: one with λmax at 489 nm and shoulders at 424 and 531 nm, respectively, which compare favorably with best organic scintillators such as anthracene –447 nm and stilbene –410 nm currently in application. The elemental analysis of the metal complex suggests a metal to ligands ratio of 1:1:1. Conductance measurement shows a nonelectrolytic nature of the synthesized compound. The SEM studies give the surface morphology of the complex. The observed emission bands with different dynamics in response to temperature change suggest that the Co-MOF exhibits scintillation properties. Electronic spectrum and magnetic moment studies were used to determine the geometry of the Co-MOF molecule. Thermal analysis data reported displayed the extent of stability of the Co-MOF compound. PXRD data revealed the nanocrystalline nature of the complex. Energy resolution peak observed at 2535 KeV, suggest the synthesized compound can be used as a scintillator.

Powders of metal borides obtained by the SHS method and low-temperature plasma

This paper introduces principle possibility of producing aluminum and titanium boride predetermined morphology using the SHS method and plasma processing. Thermal analysis data for synthesized boride powders in comparison with boron powder and nano-sized aluminum are presented It was found that the synthesized metal borides, according to the thermal analysis data, are promising as a fuel in high-energy materials: the oxidation state of AlB2 is ~ 80%, at a degree of boron oxidation ~ 20%, aluminum ~ 67%.

Определение термодинамических параметров в областях фазовых переходов в Cu-=SUB=-1.95-=/SUB=-Ni-=SUB=-0.05-=/SUB=-S

X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis data obtained in the Cu_1.95Ni_0.05S phase-transition region are analyzed. It is established that the low-temperature rhombic α phase in Cu_1.95Ni_0.05S transforms to the hexagonal β phase at temperatures of 370–390 K and to the cubic γ phase at temperatures of 740–765 K according to the scheme $$\alpha \to \mathop {\alpha + \beta }\limits_{370 - 390K} \to \mathop {\alpha + \gamma }\limits_{740 - 765K} \to \gamma $$ α → α + β 370 − 390 K → α + γ 740 − 765 K → γ . It is determined (using the temperature dependence of differential thermal analysis) that the transition α → β is accompanied by heat absorption while the transition β → γ is accompanied by heat release. It is found that both transitions are allowed and belong to the reconstructive type. Both transitions are found to occur in a fluctuation volume of ~10^–20 cm^3 at temperature rates of 0.11 and 0.08 K^–1. It is demonstrated that the transition α → γ is accompanied by alternation of the structures passing through the intermediate β phase, which is incommensurate with respect to the α and γ phases.