PSVII-26 Follicular growth in beef cows when using a low dose of FSH and hCG at the time of CIDR removal in a 7-day co-synch + CIDR protocol

The aim of the study was to compare the growth of the periovulatory follicle in crossbreed cows receiving either a low dose of hCG (150 IU; Chorulon®, Merck) or a low dose of FSH (20 mg)Folltropin®, Vetoquinol) vs. a control group when applied at CIDR removal during an estrus synchronization protocol. At d0, a CIDR (Eazi-Breed CIDR®, Zoetis) was placed, a dose of GnRH (Factrel®, Zoetis) was applied i.m. and transrectal ultrasound was conducted to evaluate cyclicity status. On d7, cows (n = 79) were randomly assigned to three treatments (Control n = 27, FSH n = 26, and hCG n = 26) according to body condition score (1 to 9 scale) and cyclicity status. On the same day, CIDR was removed, a dose of prostaglandin analog (Lutalyse HighCon Injection®, Zoetis) was administered i.m. and an Estrotect™ patch was placed between the hip and tail head. Transrectal ultrasound was conducted to evaluate the diameter of the preovulatory follicle (DPF) at d7 and every 12h from d8 until ovulation was detected. Five cows that did not ovulate were removed from the study. Data were analyzed using GLIMMIX and LIFETEST procedures (SAS). The diameter at ovulation was not different among treatments (Control: 13.02 ± 0.53 mm; FSH: 12.38 ± 0.54 mm; hCG; 11.69 ± 0.47 mm; P = >0.10). Also, the time to ovulation was not different among treatments (P = 0.65; Figure 1a). However, cows of the control group presented estrus signs earlier than FSH and hCG groups (P = 0.02, Figure 1b). In conclusion, the use of a low dose of hCG or FSH at the time of CIDR removal did not increase the DPF or the time to ovulation.

Update Treatment of Male Androgenetic Alopecia

Background: Male androgenetic alopecia (MAGA), also known as androgenetic alopecia, is the most common hair loss in males who have a genetic predisposition. The pattern of baldness in MAGA starts from the frontal area in a triangular pattern, followed by progressive thinning of the vertex until baldness occurs. Generally, the diagnosis of MAGA is established by clinical examination. FDA has approved a combination of topical minoxidil and oral finasteride for MAGA treatment. Currently, there is another treatment option like dutasteride, a prostaglandin analog, ketoconazole, and co-adjuvant therapy like laser therapy, hair transplantation, and so on. Purpose: To provide an updated treatment for MAGA. Review: Etiopathogenesis of MAGA is influenced by genetic susceptibility and hormonal factors. The European Consensus Group set the evaluation diagnosis of MAGA to include a historyof hair fall, physical examination, hair examination, supporting examination, and clinical documentation. There are therapeutic options for MAGA, including antiandrogen therapies, androgen-independent therapies, and co-adjuvant therapies. The FDA has approved a combination of topical minoxidil and oral finasteride for MAGA treatment. MAGA may affect patients’ quality of life and self-esteem. In general, patients expect higher. Conclusion: MAGA is the most common progressive hair loss in males. The MAGA therapy is expected to achieve cosmetically significant regrowth and to slow additional hair loss.

Granulomatous uveitis and choroidal detachment in a patient after topical treatment with Bimatoprost: A case report

Background: Bimatoprost 0.03% is an intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering prostaglandin analog with different adverse side effects such as potential ocular inflammatory effect and ocular hyperemia. Case presentation: We report a case of 80-year-old woman diagnosed with bilateral glaucomatous uveitis, and choroidal detachment in the left eye after topical bimatoprost administration. During the patient’s hospitalization, Bimatoprost treatment was discontinued and local steroid therapy was administrated. After 1 week we reported a marked improvement of visual acuity, IOP measurement was 12 mmHg in both eyes. Anterior segment examination showed complete resolution of conjunctival and pericheratic hyperemia with significant reduction of endothelial precipitates in both eyes. Conclusions: In our case, the anterior granulomatous uveitis occurred in both pseudophakic eyes and the choroidal detachment (CD) in the eye that previously had trabeculectomy. Probably the scar tissue of the trabeculectomy allowed a better penetration of the Bimatoprost or a greater sensitivity due to an altered trabecular tissue. This work confirms that the onset physiopathology mechanism of granulomatous uveitis and CD following instillation of Bimatoprost remains uncertain.

Follow up Jangka Panjang Pada Glaukoma Tekanan Normal Bilateral

Glaukoma adalah kelompok penyakit nervus optikus yang ditandai dengan adanya kehilangan sel ganglion retina secara progresif. Glaukoma merupakan penyebab kebutaan ireversibel di dunia. Glaukoma tekanan normal adalah salah satu jenis dari glaukoma primer sudut terbuka yang ditandai dengan adanya neuropati optik dan tekanan bola mata kurang dari 21 mmHg. Laporan kasus ini menceritakan seorang pasien wanita umur 55 tahun dengan keluhan utama mata tidak nyaman dan buram pada kedua mata. Akan tetapi dari pemeriksaan oftalmologi, tajam penglihatan terbaik menunjukkan nilai normal yaitu 6/6, segmen anterior bola mata normal, dan tekanan bola mata normal, lapang pandang normal, kelainan hanya didapatkan dari funduskopi menunjukkan adanya cupping pada kedua mata dan Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) yang menggambarkan adanya penipisan Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL). Pasien diberikan obat topikal golongan prostaglandin analog dan follow up selama 3 tahun. Dari hasil follow up yang panjang, tingkat kerusakan karena glaukoma tidak terlihat signifikan. Akan tetapi setelah dua tahun, terjadi defek lapang pandang meningkat secara signifikan, sehingga perlu penambahan obat untuk mencapai target tekanan bola mata. Kesimpulan dalam kasus ini. Sangat penting untuk mengetahui diagnosis Normal Tension Glaucoma (NTG) agar dapat membedakan dari jenis glaukoma lainnya. Diagnosis dan terapi pada NTG masih menjadi tantangan bagi dokter mata. Pemeriksaan oftalmologi secara serial perlu dilakukan untuk mencegah progresifitas kerusakan nervus optikus. Follow up jangka panjang diperlukan pada semua kasus glaukoma termasuk NTG. Pengobatan NTG harus disesuaikan sesuai dengan target tekanan bola mata yang diperlukan.

Effects of Topical Prostaglandin Analog on Macular Thickness Following Cataract Surgery with Postoperative Topical Bromfenac Treatment

Purpose: To evaluate changes in macular thickness in patients continuing prostaglandin analog (PGA) treatment during the perioperative period involving bromfenac treatment. Methods: Patients with glaucoma who were using a topical PGA were randomly assigned to two groups in this randomized controlled trial: PGA continuing study group and PGA discontinued glaucoma control group. Patients without ocular diseases other than cataract were enrolled into the non-glaucomatous group. After the cataract surgery, the patients used bromfenac twice per day for 4 weeks. Optical coherence tomography was performed in all patients preoperatively and at 1 month postoperatively. Changes in macular thickness were compared among the three groups. Results: There were 32 eyes in the study group, 33 eyes in the glaucoma control group, and 58 eyes in the non-glaucomatous group. We found statistically significant postoperative changes in central macular thickness in all groups (4.30 ± 8.01 μm in the PGA continuing group, 9.20 ± 13.88 μm in the PGA discontinued group, and 7.06 ± 7.02 μm in the non-glaucomatous group, all p < 0.008), but no significant difference among the three groups (p = 0.161). Cystoid macular edema occurred in only one patient in the non-glaucomatous group (p = 0.568). Conclusions: Continuous use of PGAs during the perioperative period was not significantly associated with increased macular thickness after uncomplicated cataract surgery. In the absence of other risk factors (e.g., capsular rupture, uveitis, or diabetic retinopathy), discontinuing PGAs for the prevention of macular edema after cataract surgery with postoperative bromfenac treatment is unnecessary in patients with glaucoma.

A Molecular Docking of New 9β-Halogenated Prostaglandin Analogs with an Ester Group at C-6 Atom of the α-Side Chain

Prostaglandins with cytoprotective activity were studied for a long time and a few PGE1 and PGE2 stable analogs were promoted as drugs: arbaprostil, enprostil, misoprostol and rioptostol. Nocloprost, a 9β-chlorine prostaglandin analog, has been also promoted as a cytoprotective drug; the succes with this compound stimulated the reserches, and many 9β- or 11β-substituted prostaglandins were synthesized and studied for their biological activity. In the same dirrection we previously synthesized new 9β-halogenated prostaglandins having also an ester group at the carbon atom 6. These compounds were now used in a molecular docking study to predict their potential cytoprotective (anti-ulcer) activity. The study has been done with CLC Drug Discovery Workbench 2.4. software and an oxidoreductase enzyme receptor, chosen from the Protein Data Bank, ID: 4KEW. Two recognized drugs, omeprazole (co-crystallized with the enzyme) and nocloprost were used as standard in the study. The 9β-halogenated prostaglandin analogs were finally docked. Nocloprost and all 9β-halogenated compounds had docking score greater than that of omeprazole. The majority of the 9β-halogenated analogs have a docking score even greater than that of nocloprost, indicating that these compounds could have potential cytoprotective activity. Correlations between docking score and substituents on the prostaglandin skeleton have been done.