Theoretical and practical aspects of the identification of the bladed weapon on the example of the SG 98/05 bayonet to the Mauser rifle based on metal science research

The article examines the studies of the bayonet fragment with severe damages of metal found in the city Kremenchuk (Ukraine) in one of the canals on the outskirts of the city, near the Dnipro River. Theoretical research to study blade weapons of the World War I period and the typology of the bayonets of that period, which made it possible to put forward an assumption about the possible identification of the object as a modified bayonet to the Mauser rifle has been carried out. Metal science expert examination was based on X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to determine the concentration of elements in the sample from the cleaned part of the blade. Analysis of the chemical composition showed that the blade was made of hardened carbon steel alloyed with silicon, chromium, manganese, nickel and copper. Measure results of the chemical composition of the object correspond to steel for castings of grade 55L with an average blade hardness of 42 HRC. Manufacturing technology of the casting corresponds to the end of the XIX – the beginning of the XX century with the use of converter production. The bayonet blade was subjected to strengthening heat treatment in the form of hardening and medium tempering. Metallographic analysis showed that the research object of blade fragment suffered corrosion cracking between crystals or along the body of grains, indicating a long stay in silty deposits. The identification of the research object has been carried out using applied technologies based on visual inspection with a description of the state of conservation and comparison with the results reflected in scientific periodicals; metal science expertise; determination of weight and size characteristics and their compliance with the original, including experimental reconstruction, which identifies the preserved fragment with the original drawing at the control points. A comparison of the chemical composition of the blade steel and the “Haenel” steel, differing in concentration and additional alloying elements has been made. The remains of the royal monogram imprint of the stamp and the absence of the regimental stamp have become the basis for searching through catalogs of registered bayonets. This allowed the identification of the object under study as part of the German imperial modified bayonet model 1898/1905 for the Mauser rifle, which was manufactured in the period from 1915 to 1918. Prospects for further research are seen in an increase in the number of metal science examinations for more accurate identification of discovered specimens.

Fundamentals of metal science and welding

The textbook discusses the properties of metals used in construction, methods of their production and processing, as well as methods and technical means of performing welded joints. The presented material meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation and the programs of the courses "Technology of structural materials" and "Metal Science and Welding", taught to students of the faculties "Industrial and Civil Engineering", "Hydraulic Engineering", "Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation", "Construction of unique buildings and structures", as well as to first-year students of the Faculty" Mechanization, Automation and Electrification of Construction " and undergraduates studying the course of metal structures and technologies of structural materials. It will be useful for students in mastering the lecture material, conducting laboratory work and completing diploma projects, as well as for students of advanced training courses and retraining of construction specialists.

FORMATION OF COMPETENCIES OF SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OF WELDING THROUGH THE POSSIBILITIES OF DISTANCE ONLINE TRAINING

Today the new challenges in the world assign a key role to the distance online education in the formation of knowledge and competencies. The development of Internet technologies provides opportunities for much better distance online education. The use of various digital platforms increases the efficiency and improves the way of delivering information to the students. Different types of multimedia applications improve the perception of the learning material. The subject of this report is the development of a methodology for distance online training of welding specialists at the Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies with Hydro- and Aerodynamics Centre "Acad. A. Balevski" at BAS.