Investigation of the Zinc-Copper Catalyst NIAP-06-06 for Steam Conversion of Carbon Monoxide in the Synthesis of Methanol

The possibility to use the zinc-copper catalyst NIAP-06-06 for steam conversion of CO in the synthesis of methanol was explored. The catalyst was characterized by means of TPR H2, XRD and SEM methods and tested in the methanol synthesis in flow and circulation modes at a pressure of 5.0 MPa and gas hourly space velocity of 3000 h–1 over a temperature range of 220–260 °С. The catalyst was shown to be highly active and selective toward the methanol synthesis from a gas with the H2 /СО ratio 3.9, which is obtained by steam conversion of methane. The use of tubular catalytic reactors connected in series in the flow-circulation mode makes it possible to convert more than 70 % of CO and obtain crude methanol with the concentration of 95 %. In the circulation mode, a methanol output of 427.7 kg/(m3 cat·h) was achieved on the catalyst.

The modern level of catalysts and technologies for natural gas conversion to syngas

The paper presents an analysis of the main catalysts and technologies applied for industrial conversion of natural gas to syngas, which is further used to produce ammonia, methanol and hydrogen. The analysis reveals the major trends in their development aimed to reduce the consumption of energy and resources; technological schemes of the processes as well as the catalysts and sorbents used in different steps of methane reforming and steam conversion of CO are described.

Modern trends in methanol processing

The review considers the modern structure of methanol production and consumption. The main processes of methanol conversion and the catalysts for their implementation are reported: the production of formaldehyde, hydrocarbons (МТН) and olefins (МТО) as well as the generation of hydrogen from methanol by steam conversion, partial oxidation, autothermal reforming and decomposition.

INVOLVEMENT OF RESIDUAL GAS OF MEMBRANE HYDROGEN SEPARATION UNIT IN RAW OF STEAM CONVERSION

For a more qualified use of the residual gas formed during the separation of hydro gen from a hydrogen-containing gas, a scheme was proposed for its processing together with hydro carbon gases (HCG) in the process of steam conversion. At the same time, it became possible to re pair the HCG pipeline without stopping production, was reached HCG savings and received additional amount of hydrogen, the products (split gas) corresponded to standards.

Pressurized Steam Conversion of Biomass Residues for Liquid Hydrocarbons Generation

Biomass residues are often considered as a resource if conveniently converted in fuel and alternative feedstock for chemical processes, and their conversion into valuable products may occur by different pathways. This work is focused on the thermochemical conversion at moderate temperature and in steam atmosphere, a mild process in comparison to hydrothermal liquefaction, followed by extraction of soluble products in a solvent. Such process has been already applied to various residues and here extended to the case of marc, the residual pomace from wine making, largely produced worldwide. A pressurized batch reactor was used for the quantitative determination of produced solid and liquid fractions, and their qualitative characterization was performed by instrumental analyses. The pressurized steam conversion of marc was effective, providing a yield in liquid fraction, upon extraction in solvent, up to 30% of the raw dried biomass. The use of polar and nonpolar solvent for the extraction of the liquid fraction was inspected. Applied operating conditions, namely residence time in the batch reactor and extraction modality, showed a significant influence on the process performance. In particular, long residence and extraction times and use of nonpolar solvent substantially improved the yield in liquid fraction.