Silicon Photonic Cross-bar Switching and Wavelength Conversion in a WDM Network Testbed (Project Report CIAN2-3-Y1)

The goal of this research was to design, fabricate and test chip-scale opto-electronic network systems for access and data networks.

Modeling a multi-layered blockchain framework for digital services that governments can implement

The general population increasingly uses digital services, meaning services which are delivered over the internet or an electronic network, and events such as pandemics have accelerated the need of using new digital services. Governments have also increased their number of digital services, however, these digital services still lack of sufficient information security, particularly integrity. Blockchain uses cryptographic techniques that allow decentralization and increase the integrity of the information it handles, but it still has disadvantages in terms of efficiency, making it incapable of implementing some digital services where a high rate of transactions are required. In order to increase its efficient, a multi-layer proposal based on blockchain is presented. It has four layers, where each layer specializes in a different type of information and uses properties of public blockchain and private blockchain. An statistical analysis is performed and the proposal is modeled showing that it maintains and even increases the integrity of the information while preserving the efficiency of transactions. Besides, the proposal can be flexible and adapt to different types of digital services. It also considers that voluntary nodes participate in the decentralization of information making it more secure, verifiable, transparent and reliable.

A Study on Application Initiative Development for Construction Management

The software application brings innovative ideas to develop the app and helps the small scale construction industries to works in the flow by progress. In the mode of android, iOS, and PC’s are a significant and its app develop to monitor labour task management, punch lists, transmitting funds features or data, over an electronic network. Application specifications provides users with valuable features such as, receive instructions from site, send requests for interpretations and retrieve information about projects. These transaction users occur employers to employees, employee to employer. The ultimate aim of this app is to acts as a Bridge of interlinks with the employees and employers to monitor, update, track and optimize. It can play a significant role in making successful app development are discussed with an explanation.

A Case Study on E-Commerce: An Emerging Business Practice and Trend during and Post COVID-19 with a Special Reference to Development of North East India with the Help of E-commerce Sector

E-commerce or electronic commerce refers to the exchange of goods, services, funds or information between business and consumers using the electronic network where all the activities like purchasing, selling, ordering, and paying are performed over the internet. During Covid-19 Pandemic while supply chains and logistics sectors have undergone major disruptions several persons logged on to various e-commerce websites to make safe virtual purchases of various items including basic essentials such as groceries, medicines, food items along with luxury and lifestyle purchases. In this way it is observed that in-spite of various challenges such as manufacturing slowdown, transportation problem, unavailabilty of labour and disruption of national and international supply chains there has been a massive growth in the e-commerce sector during COVID-19. In this paper we will study the challenges and aspects of e-commerce during and post Covid-19 along with a Special Reference to the development of North East India with the help of e-commerce sector. In order to conduct the study both primary and secondary data have been collected by two stage sampling technique in the cities of Kolkata (West Bengal ) and Guwahati (Assam).

Conducting of the Foreign Languages Classes at Technical University in the Conditions of Complementary Learning

Due to the transfer of higher educational institutions in the spring of 2020 to remote learning in order to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection, the need for theoretical comprehension of this form of learning has arisen. The paper also suggests a fore-cast of a possible scenario for updating the organi-zational form of teaching foreign languages after the resumption of the educational process in the au-tumn of 2020. Analysis of existing forms of learning showed that a new organizational and methodologi-cal form is expected to appear. It will be character-ized by the combination of formal face-to-face inter-action of teachers and students with remote infor-mal contacts on a voluntary basis. A feature of this form, which the authors of the paper call “comple-mentary learning”, is that the subjects of the educa-tional process have acquired valuable communica-tion experience based on digital technologies and electronic network resources during the period of self-isolation. The study lists the most popular types of work at foreign languages classes, which can be transferred to online or offline consulting.

Value and moral component of the concept «future» in Russian linguoculture

The paper deals with culture generating texts treated as speech products corresponding to dominant features of civilization in cultural history. Three types of such texts - sacral regulations, mass circulation products and virtual net messages - have radically changed the idea of authorship and corresponding attitudes of public to texts. The first text type brought to life selected priests who were regarded as keepers of sacral knowledge to be transmitted to coming generations, the second text type initiated numerous artisans who produced various one-time texts suitable for everyday purposes, the third text type generated illusionists who launch secondary texts through the world electronic network for the sake of carnival play with life. The characteristics of three types of text as indicators of culture have been described on the material of aphorisms. Autosemantic sentences of the first type are usually expressed as manifestations of general truth or common norms of behavior, the second type phrases function as trivial observations or specific recommendations in particular situations, whereas the third type texts have a paradoxical nature or are used as banter expressions uttered to fill the gaps in conversation. Sentences of the first type make the core golden reserve of human wisdom, and they are often used in situations of social inequality when people demonstrate their experience and right to give lessons to others. Sentences of the second type are very important for everyday routine life, and they appear in corresponding habitual situations. Sentences of the third type are applied mainly in interactions which require a critical reaction to any type of edification, either moral or utilitarian, their aim is to establish equality as such by means of ridicule of any kind of self-admiration.

PERANGKAT LUNAK

A computer system is an electronic network consisting of software and hardware that performs certain tasks (receiving input, processing input, storing commands, and providing output in the form of information). Besides that it can also be interpreted as elements that are related to carry out an activity using a computer. Computers can help humans in their daily work, jobs such as: word processing, number processing, and image processing. Elements of a computer system consist of human (brainware), software (software), instruction set (instruction set), and hardware (hardware). Thus these components are elements that are involved in a computer system. Of course hardware doesn't mean anything if there isn't one of the other two (software and brainware).