Ataxin-2, Twenty-four and Dicer-2 are components of a non-canonical cytoplasmic polyadenylation complex

Cytoplasmic polyadenylation is a mechanism to promote mRNA translation in a wide variety of biological contexts. A canonical complex centered around the conserved RNA-binding protein family CPEB has been shown to be responsible for this process. We have previously reported evidence for an alternative non-canonical, CPEB-independent complex in Drosophila, of which the RNA-interference factor Dicer-2 is a component. Here, we investigate Dicer-2 mRNA targets and protein co-factors in cytoplasmic polyadenylation. Using RIP-Seq analysis we identify hundreds of novel Dicer-2 target transcripts, ~50% of which were previously found as targets of the cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerase Wispy, suggesting widespread roles of Dicer-2 in cytoplasmic polyadenylation. Large-scale immunoprecipitation revealed Ataxin-2 and Twenty-four among the high-confidence interactors of Dicer-2. Functional analysis indicate that both factors form an RNA-independent complex with Dicer-2, and are required for cytoplasmic polyadenylation of Dicer-2 targets. Our results reveal the composition of a novel cytoplasmic polyadenylation complex that operates during Drosophila early embryogenesis.

PENILAIAN KEPUASAN PELAYANAN PENERBITAN PASPOR DI KANTOR IMIGRASI KELAS 1 PALEMBANG

This research examines the passage of the applicant passport service, the supporting and inhibiting factors that influence the passport passage. This research aims to determine the level of satisfaction of publishing service of passport in the Immigration Office Class 1 Palembang through assessment of realiblity, responsiveness, assurance, emphaty, tangible and internal factor. In this research using data collection methods through literature study books and immigration data, direct field observation, interviews with Kasi Lantaskim and the division of questionnaires to the applicant at Immigration Office Class 1 Palembang. Result of data using quantitative and qualitative analysis models. The results of this research that as many as 50% to 73% of the public are satisfied with the service received at the Immigration Office Class 1 Palembang, and as many as 27% to 50% of people still argue less satisfied due to some inhibiting factors such as network interference factor and the delay of officers in keeping the promise of service.

Comparison of ARIMA and LSTM in Forecasting the Incidence of HFMD Combined and Uncombined with Exogenous Meteorological Variables in Ningbo, China

Background: This study intends to identify the best model for predicting the incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Ningbo by comparing Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network (LSTM) models combined and uncombined with exogenous meteorological variables. Methods: The data of daily HFMD incidence in Ningbo from January 2014 to November 2017 were set as the training set, and the data of December 2017 were set as the test set. ARIMA and LSTM models combined and uncombined with exogenous meteorological variables were adopted to fit the daily incidence of HFMD by using the data of the training set. The forecasting performances of the four fitted models were verified by using the data of the test set. Root mean square error (RMSE) was selected as the main measure to evaluate the performance of the models. Results: The RMSE for multivariate LSTM, univariate LSTM, ARIMA and ARIMAX (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model with Exogenous Input Variables) was 10.78, 11.20, 12.43 and 14.73, respectively. The LSTM model with exogenous meteorological variables has the best performance among the four models and meteorological variables can increase the prediction accuracy of LSTM model. For the ARIMA model, exogenous meteorological variables did not increase the prediction accuracy but became the interference factor of the model. Conclusions: Multivariate LSTM is the best among the four models to fit the daily incidence of HFMD in Ningbo. It can provide a scientific method to build the HFMD early warning system and the methodology can also be applied to other communicable diseases.

Short Wave Ultraviolet Light (UV-C) Effectiveness in the Inactivation of Bacterial Spores Inoculated in Turbid Suspensions and in Cloudy Apple Juice

Liquid foods might present interferences in their optical properties that can reduce the effectiveness of short-wave ultraviolet radiation (UV-C) treatments used for sterilization purposes. The effect of turbidity as UV-C interference factor against the inactivation of bacterial spores was analysed by using phosphate-buffered saline solutions (PBS) of different turbidity values (2000, 2500, and 3000 NTU) which were adjusted with the addition of apple fibre. These suspensions were inoculated with spores of Bacillus subtilis and Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris. While higher UV-C doses increased the inactivation rates of spores, these were reduced when turbidity values increased; a dose of 28.7 J/mL allowed inactivation rates of B. subtilis spores of 3.96 Log in a 2000-NTU suspension compared with 2.81 Log achieved in the 3000-NTU one. Spores of B. subtilis were more UV-C-resistant than A. acidoterrestris. Cloudy apple juice inoculated with A. acidoterrestris spores was processed by UV-C at different doses in a single pass and with recirculation of the matrix through the reactor. Inactivation increased significantly with recirculation, surpassing 5 Log after 125 J/mL compared with 0.13 Log inactivation after a single-pass treatment at the same UV-C dose. UV-C treatments with recirculation affected the optical properties (absorption coefficient at 254 nm and turbidity) of juice and increased browning as UV-C doses became higher.

Modeling and Performance Analysis of Opportunistic Link Selection for UAV Communication

In anticipation of wide implementation of 5G technologies, the scarcity of spectrum resources for the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) communication remains one of the major challenges in arranging safe drone operations. Dynamic spectrum management among multiple UAVs as a tool that is able to address this issue, requires integrated solutions with considerations of heterogeneous link types and support of the multi-UAV operations. This paper proposes a synthesized resource allocation and opportunistic link selection (RA-OLS) scheme for the air-to-ground (A2G) UAV communication with dynamic link selections. The link opportunities using link hopping sequences (LHSs) are allocated in the GCSs for alleviating the internal collisions within the UAV network, offloading the on-board computations in the spectrum processing function, and avoiding the contention in the air. In this context, exclusive technical solutions are proposed to form the prototype system. A sub-optimal allocation method based on the greedy algorithm is presented for addressing the resource allocation problem. A mathematical model of the RA-OLS throughput with above propositions is formulated for the spectrum dense and scarce environments. An interference factor is introduced to measure the protection effects on the primary users. The proposed throughput model approximates the simulated communication under requirements of small errors in the spectrum dense environment and the spectrum scarce environment, where the sensitivity analysis is implemented. The proposed RA-OLS outperforms the static communication scheme in terms of the utilization rate by over 50% in case when multiple links are available. It also enables the collaborative communication when the spectral resources are in scarcity. The impacts from diverse parameters on the RA-OLS communication performance are analyzed.

The Development of Leisure Participation Assessment Tool for the Elderly

Objectives. This study is aimed at developing multidimensional leisure participation assessment tool for the elderly to achieve quantitative and qualitative assessment of leisure participation and leisure exploration. Methods. This study collected preliminary items through literature review, statistical office data, and survey of the elderly’s leisure activities and considered the list of leisure activities as assessment items by conducting a Delphi survey. Reliability was verified through internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The assessment tool was finally confirmed using content validity and discriminant validity. Results. A total of 81 leisure items classified into 8 categories and 22 subcategories were obtained through data collection and Delphi survey. Cronbach’s α value was 0.939, and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was 0.941. A content validity test was confirmed by validating that I-CVI was 0.78 or more and the S-CVI was 0.95. According to the result of discriminant validity, there was a difference in the number of participating leisure activities and leisure activities with participation intention by age. Conclusion. The leisure participation assessment tool for the elderly developed in this study can obtain information on the overall view of the leisure of the elderly by measuring leisure exploration, leisure participation, and interference factor affecting leisure participation.

An Investigation of Factors Causing English Mispronunciation of Students in English for International Communication

English has been recognized as a lingua franca in different aspects of communication such as international business, academic context, science and technology. Despite the constant efforts of developing English education in Thailand, studies have shown that the achievement of Thai students was still unsatisfactory. Additionally, previous studies revealed Thai EFL learners faced a number of difficulties in pronunciation and speaking. The purposes of this study were to investigate the levels of the factors and the most and least factors causing in English mispronunciation of 2nd and 3rd year students in EIC at RMUTL Tak campus. Fifty-one students were purposively selected from EIC of 2nd and 3rd year in 2019. The research instrument included questionnaire and adopted Likert scale for data analysis. The results found that 2nd and 3rd year students in English for International Communication (EIC) Program evaluated the factor causing in English mispronunciation found that 1) the first language interference factor have the highest mean value 2) phonetic ability factor 3) experience in studying English factor and 4) motivation factor have the lowest mean value.

Real-time and noninvasive tracking of injectable hydrogel degradation using functionalized AIE nanoparticles

Visually monitoring of the residual morphology and quantitatively determining the degradation degree of hydrogels applied in tissue repair therapy in a real-time and noninvasive manner were a crucial technological mean. Despite conventional organic fluorescent molecules commonly used as probe to capture the real-time clues of the labeled hydrogels, they still encounter obstacles, including intrinsic photobleaching, cytotoxicity, and unknown interference factor of degradation caused by the change from polymer structure of hydrogels, thus making it difficult to accurately obtain the information of the hydrogels in vivo. To address the hard nut, we designed the multifunctional hydrogel system with a real-time quantitative aggregation-induced emission fluorescent detection and photoacoustic imaging tracking based on tetraphenylethene (TPE) that possesses the trait of aggregation-induced emission and low photobleaching, bound on the surface of mesoporous dopamine microspheres (MPDAs), and subsequently loaded into the photo-crosslinked injectable hydrogels. In vitro results showed that MPDA-TPE had good compatibility, emitted strong fluorescence when embedded in hydrogels, and maintained stable fluorescence property unless the hydrogels were degraded. Meanwhile, a mathematical formula for the kinetic degradation of hydrogels was established between gravitational and visual degradation in vitro, which can be used to predict in vivo degradation. Furthermore, MPDA possessed the clear photoacoustic imaging effect to provide more accurate clues. The designed hydrogel system holds a potential role in prediction of the in vivo degradation of implanted materials in an accurate, convenient, and real-time noninvasive manner and is a meaningful treatment aid in tissue engineering.