Hai Zi – Chinese Sergei Yesenin: tanatological poetics and “romance with death”

The article considers the work of the Chinese poet Hai Zi (mostly based on works not translated into Russian) as a characteristic example of the spiritual and artistic influence of Sergei Yesenin's work on modern Chinese poetry. The poetic dialogue of Hai Zi and S. Yesenin is considered from the point of view of tanatological poetics, which allows us to present their work as a single meta text, developing various variations of tanatopoetics in order to achieve absolute self-identification by synthesising “self” – death – art. The category of death is considered as the integral basis of the work of S. Yesenin and Hai Zi, which ultimately leads to the realisation of their personal attitude to death as the ontological, epistemological and axiological basis of life and creative work. The article justifies that the “romance with death” of S. Yesenin and Hai Zi is a manifestation of their life-building strategy, consonances in motif and figuration are revealed in the aspect of tanatological poetics, taking into account the different nature of those motifs: the spontaneous-organic feeling of death in S. Yesenin and the tanatological ideology of Hai Zi, based on the synthesis of Western philosophy, Confucianism, Taoism. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of S.Yesenin's poem “The Black Man” and the poem “Spring. Ten Hai Zi” as works that expose the key settings of the poets' tanatological discourse, as well as an analysis of Hai Zi's poem "Life Was Interrupted" as prisms for the reinterpretation of S. Yesenin's life and work within the framework of the tanatological paradigm of "Chinese Yesenin" and the most important act of semiotisation of life and creative work of the Chinese youth, when suicide is positioned as the final statement.

The Formation of a Stable Political Governance: Structural-Functional and Morphological Analysis

The purpose of the article is to implement a systematic analysis of the factors of the formation of a stable system of political governance. To clarify the functions and structure of a stable political system, the characteristics of stability are highlighted, according to which the political system: has signs of legitimacy; is able to cope with the threat of illegitimate violence; supports the constitu-tional system; reproduces a model of behavior based on stability. Methodologically, the article is based on the works of classical and modern scientists (P. M. Khomyakov, M.A. Gaydes, I.B . Rodionov, A. A. Khomiakov). Makarycheva), devoted to the systematic analysis of political systems. The paper also uses morphological analysis, analysis of political efficiency, and in the final part — the method of state-management design. The author comes to the conclusion that the functions and structure of the modern political system should be considered from the point of view of the defini-tions of “political stability”, viewed through the prism of the absence of political threats, adaptive irremovability of political subjects and the balance of political forces. Political stability implies that the distribution of resources in society involves not only the institutional subsystem of the political system, but also the functional, regulatory and ideological subsystems. Morphological analysis demonstrates that a stable political system is characterized by a balanced interaction of subsystems, in which at least the institutional, regulatory and functional subsystems jointly determine the process of functioning and development of the political system. Stability is the basis and guarantee of po-litical development in the modern world, and stability is not contrary to innovative development or development in general. Both stability and development are the basic conditions for the development of a modern political system, methods of avoiding negative adaptation in the global environment. Stability is not synonymous with closeness — on the contrary, it implies horizontal and vertical mobility, a constitutional system, and a focus on maintaining the activity of political actors. At the same time, all these processes cannot be allowed to take their course and develop outside the political control of the vertical structures of power. Integrity as a system-wide property is an integral basis for the stability of the political system.

Sistemas de Procedimientos en los Métodos de Enseñanza y Aprendizaje

The modern period of socioeconomic development in Latin America determines the need for a significant improvement in the quality of training. On the one hand, this is due to scientific and technological progress, the consequences of which are manifested in almost all areas of people's professional and social activity, including the educational field, on the other hand, with comprehensive research that ensures the creation, application and dissemination of knowledge in the social field. Economic space where innovation becomes a systemic phenomenon. Of great importance is the fact that scientific and technological progress not only poses new requirements for the person himself, but also for the higher professional education system. The contradiction that has arisen between the increasing volume of information and the crisis in the didactic methods of training specialists requires a transition towards fundamentally new technologies of vocational training. The need to change the priorities of professional training in the direction of the development of heuristic and creative thinking, the formation of the individual as a subject of self-development, the mastery of the tools for the management of their own educational activities is increasingly evident. An increase in the applied component of training, a change in the emphasis on the independence of educational work, a certain state in educational standards, allows to form a system of generalized knowledge, skills and abilities that can be transferred from one area to another and act as an integral basis for professional development, highlighting specialized professional skills that are capable of responding adequately to ongoing changes, making decisions independently and putting them into practice in the process of mastering new technologies and professions.

Digitalization: potential risks for civil society

Transition to the digital economy involves the restructuring of industries, transport and agriculture and gives new opportunities for work with Big Data and optimization the processes in the economy via smart environments, cryptocurrencies and hybrid forms of interaction between human beings and artificial intelligence. Such global transformations could not but cause a massive change in both consciousness at the socio-anthropological level and traditional forms of management at the civilizational level. Speaking about the civil society in the era of digitalization, it should be understood that this is, first of all, a network society, and without understanding this type of society it is pointless to talk about new forms of civil society. The network society was considered a well-studied object of research by the early 2000s, however today the radical acceleration of ICT and other processes are connected with digital information-network revolution involving artificial intelligence, the possibility of which was not even thought about 20 years ago. Therefore, the main purpose of our paper is an attempt to conceptualize potential risks for civil society connected with the development, testing and implementation of digital services and technologies in the global economy. To achieve this, we used system and synergistic philosophical and methodological approaches developed by the modern post-non-classical science and applied for self-developing systems. To reveal the global trends in the economy and related social problems, we undertook comparative and interdisciplinary analyses based on sources available. Sociological, philosophical and methodological reflections about radical changes in the anthropotechnosphere during the COVID-19 pandemic have revealed a number of serious problems that threaten the well-being of civil society, such as the aggravation of economic inequality, the collapse of many small businesses due to the quarantine and the introduction of remote forms of work, mass layoffs of qualified specialists, job cuts including the area of intellectual work, transport and service, as well as a significant decrease in the income of the population, decline in the quality of education, a sharp reduction in tourist flows, the ban on mass demonstrations and gatherings, which is an integral basis of the life of civil society. Thus, during the period of pandemic lockdowns, there is a significant change in the economic and socio-cultural environment of modern civilization. At the same time, the crisis situation provides means not only for the development of civil society, but also for the maintenance of enforcing and regulating functions of the state, which can upset the harmonious balance of interaction between society and any state (capitalist, socialist) or the global state of TNCs. An analysis of the world economic development in the 21st century has revealed some signs of a systemic crisis of civilization, along with the processes of digitalization as a catalyst for the shift of the paradigm of civilizational development and a catalyst for civil movements. The most striking Umwelts («perceptual environment») of civil society emerging in the digital realm are described in the paper.