Four New Members of The Family Cytophagaceae: Cryseosolum Histidinii gen. nov., sp. nov., Cryseosolum Indiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., Reichenbachia Cretensis, gen. nov., sp. nov., and Reichenbachia Soli, gen. nov., sp. nov. Isolated From Diverse Habitat

Four strains isolated, PWU4T, PWU20T, PWU5T and PWU37T were from both of soil in Germany, India and a faces sheep collected in Crete Island, respectively. Cells were Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, rod shaped, grew optimally between 28oC and 34oC, pH between 7.0 and 8.0 without the addition of NaCl. Catalase and oxidase-negative and grew on most mono- and disaccharides, a few polysaccharides and organic acid. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7. Major fatty acid was c16:1 ω7c (PWU4T and PWU20T) and c16:1 ω5c (PWU5T and PWU37T). The DNA G+C content of them were 50.2 mol %; 51.6 mol %; 39.8 mol % and 53.8 mol %, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the closest relatives of them are less than 93.8% compared to Ohtaekwangia koreensis 3B-2T and Ohtaekwangia kribbensis 10AOT. It classified in two groups, where PWU4T, PWU20T shared 93.0% and PWU5T, PWU37T shared 97.5% sequence similarity. However, in both groups represent different species on the low average nucleotide identity (ANI) of their genomes, 69.7% and 83.8%, respectively. We proposed that the four strains represent four novel species of two new genera in the family Cytophagaceae. The type species of the novel genus Cryseosolum are Cryseosolum histdinii gen. nov., sp. nov. strain PWU4T (=DSM 111594T=NCCB 100798T), Cryseosolum indiensis sp. nov. strain PWU20T (=DSM 111597T=NCCB 100800T). The type species of the novel genus Reichenbachia are Reichenbachia cretensis gen. nov., sp. nov. strain PWU5T (=DSM 111596T=NCCB 100799T), Reichenbachia soli sp. nov. strain PWU37T (=DSM 111595T=NCCB 100801T).

A sulfate-reducing bacterial genus, Desulfosediminicola gen. nov., comprising two novel species cultivated from tidal-flat sediments

Tidal-flat sediments harbor a diverse array of sulfate-reducing bacteria. To isolate novel sulfate-reducing bacteria and determine their abundance, a tidal-flat sediment sample collected off Ganghwa Island (Korea) was investigated using cultivation-based and culture-independent approaches. Two Gram-stain-negative, strictly anaerobic, rod-shaped, sulfate-reducing bacteria, designated IMCC35004T and IMCC35005T, were isolated from the sample. The two strains reduced sulfate, sulfite, elemental sulfur, thiosulfate, Fe(III) citrate, and Mn(IV) oxide by utilizing several carbon sources, including acetate. The 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed that the tidal-flat sediment contained diverse members of the phylum Desulfobacterota, and the phylotypes related to IMCC35004T and IMCC35005T were < 1%. The two strains shared 97.6% similarity in 16S rRNA gene sequence and were closely related to Desulfopila aestuarii DSM 18488T (96.1–96.5%). The average nucleotide identity, level of digital DNA–DNA hybridization, average amino acid identity, and percentages of conserved proteins determined analyzing the whole-genome sequences, as well as the chemotaxonomic data showed that the two strains belong to two novel species of a novel genus. Additionally, genes related to dissimilatory sulfate reduction were detected in the genomes of the two strains. Unlike the genera Desulfopila and Desulfotalea, IMCC35004T and IMCC35005T contained menaquinone-5 as the major respiratory quinone. Collectively, IMCC35004T and IMCC35005T were concluded to represent two novel species of a novel genus within the family Desulfocapsaceae, for which the names Desulfosediminicola ganghwensis gen. nov., sp. nov. (IMCC35004T = KCTC 15826T = NBRC 114003T) and Desulfosediminicola flagellatus sp. nov. (IMCC35005T = KCTC 15827T = NBRC 114004T) are proposed.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Sulfolobales Archaeon Strain, HS-7, Isolated from the Unzen Hot Spring in Japan

The order Sulfolobales includes thermoacidophilic archaea that thrive in acidic geothermal environments. A novel Sulfolobales archaeon strain, HS-7, which may represent a novel genus, was isolated from an acidic hot spring in Japan. We report the 2.15-Mb complete genome sequence of strain HS-7.

Reclassification of [Haemophilus] haemoglobinophilus as Canicola haemoglobinophilus gen. nov., comb. nov. including Bisgaard taxon 35

[ Haemophilus ] haemoglobinophilus and the unpublished Bisgaard taxon 35 are associated with respiratory and urogenital tract infections in dogs. A total of 21 strains including the type strain of [ Haemophilus ] haemoglobinophilus were included in the investigation. Strains of [ Haemophilus ] haemoglobinophilus and taxon 35 formed a monophyletic group demonstrating at least 97.8 and 96.5% similarities within the group based upon 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequence comparisons, respectively. Glaesserella australis was the most closely related species to [ Haemophilus ] haemoglobinophilus and taxon 35 with 96.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity which is slightly higher than the 95 % separating most genera of the family Pasteurellaceae . However, the conserved protein sequence phylogeny documented a unique position of [ Haemophilus ] haemoglobinophilus with only 81 % identity to the most closely related species, genomospecies 1 of the genus Rodentibacter which is lower than the 85 % separating most genera of the family Pasteurellaceae . The conserved protein sequence identity to Haemophilus influenzae , the type species of the genus, was 77%, demonstrating that [ Haemophilus ] haemoglobinophilus is not properly classified as a member of the genus Haemophilus . On the basis of the phylogenetic comparisons, the taxa [ Haemophilus ] haemoglobinophilus and taxon 35 are proposed to be included with a novel genus Canicola with one species, Canicola haemoglobinophilus which is reclassified from [ Haemophilus ] haemoglobinophilus. Phenotypic characters obtained with isolates genetically approved to represent Canicola haemoglobinophilus were in accordance with those of the members of the family Pasteurellaceae, and the novel genus can be separated from most of the existing genera by a positive catalase reaction, lack of V-factor requirement for growth, lack of haemolysis of blood agar and negative Voges–Proskauer and urease tests. The novel genus cannot be separated by biochemical and physiological characteristics alone from the genera Aggregatibacter , Avibacterium , Frederiksenia and Spirabiliibacterium . However, MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy and also RpoB amino acid signatures allowed a clear separation from these taxa, supporting the existence of a novel genus. The DNA G+C content is 37.0–37.8 mol% for the genus, based on the whole genomic sequences. The type strain of Canicola haemoglobinophilus is CCUG 3714T (=ATCC 19416T=NCTC 1659T) isolated in 1901 from the prepuce of a dog in Germany.

Paradictyocheirospora tectonae, a novel genus in the family Dictyosporiaceae from India

This study introduces, Paradictyocheirospora, a new genus, belonging to the family Dictyosporiaceae with evidence from morphology and phylogenetic analysis of a combined ITS, LSU and TEF1α sequence data. Paradictyocheirospora can be distinguished from allied taxa based on dictyosporous, cheiroid conidia with suprabasal bubble-like hyaline appendages and cylindrical, reduced conidiophores. The new genus is similar to Dictyocheirospora; however, the conidia are smaller with fewer rows (3–6) and have globose, supra-basal appendages. Paradictyocheirospora tectonae forms a distinct lineage basal to Digitodesmium and Dictyocheirospora. Additional new collections from Thane, Maharashtra were morphologically identical and phylogenetically related to Dictyocheirospora nabanheensis, and the latter is a new record from India.

Muriiphilus fusiformis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel non-marine bacterium belonging to the Roseobacter group, and reclassification of Maritimibacter lacisalsi (Zhong et al. 2015) as Muriicola lacisalsi gen. nov., comb. nov.

An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-sporulating, flagellated and spindle-like bacterium, designated HY14T, was isolated from a pickle-processing factory wastewater sample. The isolate chemoheterotrophically grew at 4–42 °C (optimum, 35 °C) and pH 5.5–9.0 (optimum, pH 6.0–6.5). Salt was required for growth (0.5–12 % NaCl, w/v). A deep brown and water-soluble uncharacterized pigment was produced when grown in certain media. The predominant fatty acids (>5 %) included C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω7c, 11-methyl C18 : 1 ω7c and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, two unidentified aminolipids, two unidentified phospholipids, two unidentified glycolipids and five unknown lipids. The major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-10. Pairwise alignment based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain HY14T had the highest sequence similarity to genera Maritimibacter (95.61–96.05 %) and Boseongicola (95.82 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on core genome illustrated that strain HY14T formed a monophyletic lineage with members of the genus Maritimibacter in the clade of the Roseobacter group in the family Rhodobacteraeceae. The core-gene average amino acid identity used to define bacterial genera by a threshold of 60–80 % was calculated to be 68.56–76.5 % between HY14T and closely related taxa. Several genomic characteristics, such as carrying two RuBisCO-mediated pathways and different osmoprotectant transport pathways, exhibited the genotypic discrepancies of strain HY14T. Based on the polyphasic taxonomic characterization, strain HY14T is considered to represent a novel species of a novel genus belonging to the family Rhodobacteraeceae, for which the name Muriiphilus fusiformis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HY14T (=CGMCC 1.15973T=KCTC 52499T). Maritimibacter lacisalsi (Zhong et al. 2015) is considered to diverge from Maritimibacter alkaliphilus at the genus level, and should be reassigned as a novel genus, for which the name Muriicola lacisalsi gen. nov., comb. nov. is proposed.

Litoribacterium kuwaitense gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a Kuwait tidal flat

A Gram-stain-positive, strictly aerobic, spore-forming, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium designated strain SIJ1T was obtained from tidal flat sediment collected from the northern shore of Kuwait Bay, northwest of the Arabian Gulf. Strain SIJ1T grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 7–8 in the presence of 6 % (w/v) NaCl. The cell-wall peptidoglycan was based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and an unsaturated menaquinone with seven isoprene units (MK-7) was the predominant respiratory quinone. It contained anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acids and ribose as the major whole-cell sugar. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, unidentified phospholipid, an unidentified glycolipid, phosphoglycolipid and an unidentified lipid. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA genes revealed that SIJ1T showed a distinct evolutionary lineage within the Firmicutes. The DNA G+C content was 43.1 mol% and the full genome analysis for strain SIJ1T showed that it had a genome size of 3 989 945 bp and contained 4085 predicted protein-encoding genes. The SIJ1T annotated genome showed more stress resistance encoding genes in comparison to its closely related strains. The amino acid identity and average nucleotide identity data for the whole genome proved that strain SIJ1T does indeed represent a novel genus. The strain was distinguishable from the phylogenetically related genera through differences in several phenotypic properties. On the basis of the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, strain SIJ1T represents a novel genus and species in the family Bacillaceae, for which the name Litoribacterium kuwaitense gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SIJ1T (=DSM 28862T=LMG 28316T).

Caproicibacterium amylolyticum gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Oscillospiraceae isolated from pit clay used for making Chinese strong aroma-type liquor

An anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, motile and spore-forming bacterium, designated strain LBM18003T, was isolated from pit clay used for making Chinese strong aroma-type liquor. Growth occurred at 20–40 °C (optimum, 30–37 °C), pH 4.5–9.5 (optimum, pH 6.5–7.0) and in the presence of 0.0–1.0 % (w/v) sodium chloride (optimum, 0 %). The predominant fatty acids were C16:0, C14:0, C14:0 DMA and C16:0 3-OH, and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified phospholipids and nine unidentified glycolipids. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain LBM18003T is a novel member of the family Oscillospiraceae . The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of strain LBM18003T to its two most closely related species were less than 94.5 % for distinguishing genera, i.e. closely related to Caproiciproducens galactitolivorans JCM 30532T (94.1 %) and Caproicibacter fermentans DSM 107079T (93.2 %). The genome size of strain LBM18003T was 2 996 201 bp and its DNA G+C content was 48.48 mol%. Strain LBM18003T exhibited 67.8 and 68.1% pairwise-determined whole-genome average nucleotide identity values to Caproiciproducens galactitolivorans JCM 30532T and Caproicibacter fermentans DSM 107079T, respectively; and showed 62.2 and 61.0 % the average amino acid identity values to Caproiciproducens galactitolivorans JCM 30532T and Caproicibacter fermentans DSM 107079T, respectively; and demonstrated 46.1 and 41.5 % conserved genes to Caproiciproducens galactitolivorans JCM 30532T and Caproicibacter fermentans DSM 107079T, respectively. The comparisons of 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences confirmed that strain LBM18003T represented a novel genus of the family Oscillospiraceae . Based on morphological, physiological, biochemical, chemotaxonomic, genotypic and phylogenetic results, strain LBM18003T represents a novel species of a novel genus of the family Oscillospiraceae , for which the name Caproicibacterium amylolyticum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LBM18003T (=GDMCC 1.1626T=JCM 33783T).