thermoacidophilic archaea
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2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Jun Liu ◽  
Zhen Jiang ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
Ya-Ling Qin ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
...  

The order Sulfolobales (phylum Crenarchaeota) is a group of thermoacidophilic archaea. The first member of the Sulfolobales was discovered in 1972, and current 23 species are validly named under the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. The majority of members of the Sulfolobales is obligately or facultatively chemolithoautotrophic. When they grow autotrophically, elemental sulfur or reduced inorganic sulfur compounds are their energy sources. Therefore, sulfur metabolism is the most important physiological characteristic of the Sulfolobales. The functions of some enzymes and proteins involved in sulfur reduction, sulfur oxidation, sulfide oxidation, thiosulfate oxidation, sulfite oxidation, tetrathionate hydrolysis, and sulfur trafficking have been determined. In this review, we describe current knowledge about the physiology, taxonomy, and sulfur metabolism of the Sulfolobales, and note future challenges in this field.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (38) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Omokawa ◽  
Norio Kurosawa ◽  
Shingo Kato ◽  
Takashi Itoh ◽  
Moriya Ohkuma ◽  
...  

The order Sulfolobales includes thermoacidophilic archaea that thrive in acidic geothermal environments. A novel Sulfolobales archaeon strain, HS-7, which may represent a novel genus, was isolated from an acidic hot spring in Japan. We report the 2.15-Mb complete genome sequence of strain HS-7.


2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 110084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengke Li ◽  
Yongji Huang ◽  
Yanping Yang ◽  
Haibei Wang ◽  
Liang Hu ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiyong Zhang ◽  
Thomas R. Neu ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Véronique Blanchard ◽  
Yutong Zhang ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett H. Wheaton ◽  
Nicholas P. Vitko ◽  
James A. Counts ◽  
Jessica A. Dulkis ◽  
Igor Podolsky ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTCertain species from the extremely thermoacidophilic genusMetallosphaeradirectly oxidize Fe(II) to Fe(III), which in turn catalyzes abiotic solubilization of copper from chalcopyrite to facilitate recovery of this valuable metal. In this process, the redox status of copper does not change as it is mobilized.Metallosphaeraspecies can also catalyze the release of metals from ores with a change in the metal’s redox state. For example,Metallosphaera sedulacatalyzes the mobilization of uranium from the solid oxide U3O8, concomitant with the generation of soluble U(VI). Here, the mobilization of metals from solid oxides (V2O3, Cu2O, FeO, MnO, CoO, SnO, MoO2, Cr2O3, Ti2O3, and Rh2O3) was examined forM. sedulaandM. prunaeat 70°C and pH 2.0. Of these oxides, only V and Mo were solubilized, a process accelerated in the presence of FeCl3. However, it was not clear whether the solubilization and oxidation of these metals could be attributed entirely to an Fe-mediated indirect mechanism. Transcriptomic analysis for growth on molybdenum and vanadium oxides revealed transcriptional patterns not previously observed for growth on other energetic substrates (i.e., iron, chalcopyrite, organic compounds, reduced sulfur compounds, and molecular hydrogen). Of particular interest was the upregulation of Msed_1191, which encodes a Rieske cytochromeb6fusion protein (Rcbf, referred to here as V/MoxA) that was not transcriptomically responsive during iron biooxidation. These results suggest that direct oxidation of V and Mo occurs, in addition to Fe-mediated oxidation, such that both direct and indirect mechanisms are involved in the mobilization of redox-active metals byMetallosphaeraspecies.IMPORTANCEIn order to effectively leverage extremely thermoacidophilic archaea for the microbially based solubilization of solid-phase metal substrates (e.g., sulfides and oxides), understanding the mechanisms by which these archaea solubilize metals is important. Physiological analysis ofMetallosphaeraspecies growth in the presence of molybdenum and vanadium oxides revealed an indirect mode of metal mobilization, catalyzed by iron cycling. However, since the mobilized metals exist in more than one oxidation state, they could potentially serve directly as energetic substrates. Transcriptomic response to molybdenum and vanadium oxides provided evidence for new biomolecules participating in direct metal biooxidation. The findings expand the knowledge on the physiological versatility of these extremely thermoacidophilic archaea.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Counts ◽  
Nicholas P. Vitko ◽  
Robert M. Kelly

The family Sulfolobaceae contains extremely thermoacidophilic archaea that are found in terrestrial environments. Here, we report three closed genomes from two currently defined genera within the family, namely, Acidianus brierleyi DSM-1651T, Acidianus sulfidivorans DSM-18786T, and Metallosphaera hakonensis DSM-7519T.


2017 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 417-420
Author(s):  
Li Zhu Liu ◽  
Xuan Pan ◽  
Xu Xia ◽  
Yu Hang Zhou ◽  
Zhen Yuan Nie ◽  
...  

The differences of superficial (about 10 nm) extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) composition of thermoacidophilic archaea Acidianus manzaensis YN-25 acclimated with different energy substrates (FeS2, CuFeS2, S0, FeSO4) were analyzed in situ for the first time by synchrotron radiation (SR) based carbon K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The results showed that there are clear associations between the energy substrates and the changes in organic composition in terms of typical function groups (-C=O, -C-O and -C-N). The archaea acclimated with chalcopyrite and pyrite contain higher proportion of proteins but less polysaccharides compared to cells acclimated with S0.The archaea acclimated with FeSO4 contains the highest proportion of protein which is positively associated with the iron oxidation process, while archaea acclimated with S0 contains more lipids and polysaccharides, which may be favorable to the hydrophobic S0 adsorption and utilization processes.


2016 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 446-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Loder ◽  
Yejun Han ◽  
Aaron B. Hawkins ◽  
Hong Lian ◽  
Gina L. Lipscomb ◽  
...  

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