Experimental Research on Rubber Compatibility of Drive Train oils used in Construction Machinery

The compatibility of oil and rubber in the drive train system of construction machinery plays an important role in the safe and reliable operation of the system. In order to investigate the rubber compatibility of drive train system oil of construction machinery, the changes of rubber sheet volume and hardness before and after immersion of standard fluororubber (FKM2) and hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR1) with 9 kinds of drive train system oil were tested. The results show that FKM2 has good rubber compatibility with drive train oil, and HNBR1 is only compatible with some drive train oil; The volume change rate and hardness change range of FKM2 are smaller than those of HNBR1.

The Effect of a Rubber Sheet on the Dynamic Response of a Machine Foundation Located over a Small Thickness of Soil Layer

Placing a machine footing over a small thickness of soil layer, which is located over a bedrock, could encounter many challenges due to the bed’s notable stiffness in comparison to the soil. The advantages of using rubbers to protect facilities (structures, machine foundations, nearby footings and equipment, etc.) from vibration and control its consequences are well known nowadays. In this study, the benefits of employing a small thickness of rubber sheet (2 mm) on the dynamic response of a machine foundation which is located over four thicknesses of soil (210, 420, 630, and 840 mm) has been investigated. The soil layer is located over an artificial bedrock that is consisted of a thick concrete layer. The tests have been conducted in a vast test pit of size 2500×2500 mm and a depth of 840 mm by using a semi large-scale machine foundation model with a square concrete foundation of width 400×400×100 mm. It was observed that, by increasing the soil layer thickness, the resonant frequency and amplitude of the vibrating system decreases. Moreover, by employing a rubber sheet beneath the machine footing, the resonant frequency of the vibrating system significantly decreases especially for a small thickness of the soil layer. Although, using a rubber sheet could slightly increase the resonant amplitude, but the benefit of the resonant frequency-changing capability of the rubber sheet is too impressive by taking the resonant frequency of the system far enough from the unchangeable working frequency of the machine and preventing the resonant phenomenon to happen.

The Revitalization of Iconic Shapes through the Creation of Relief Dimensional Paintings as Tourism Software Products (Case Study in Medan City, Indonesia)

Medan City in Indonesia, is rich with iconic forms in the form of historical buildings and cultural products of the past. On the other hand, Medan City tourism has been known since the Dutch colonial era, but has not been supported by the availability of souvenir products. This research article describes the revitalization of the iconic forms of Medan City. The aim is to examine the potential of iconic forms to be used as the basis for the development of relief-dimensional painting as a tourism souvenir product. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The replicated method is a combination of survey method and creation method. Sources of research data are written data, photo data, interview results, notes on the creation process, and appreciative assessments. Data analysis was carried out using an interactive model: data reduction, data presentation, verification and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the iconic shapes of Medan City have great potential to be explored into original painting themes. Technically, the art of painting with relief dimensions is effectively developed with rubber sheet material, supported by strong texture work. Overall, the paintings produced have an aesthetic quality, exclusive as tourism souvenirs.

Wireless Manipulation Mechanism and Analysis for Actively Assistive Pinch Movements

Pinching motions are important for holding and retaining objects with precision. Therefore, training exercises for the thumb and index finger are extremely important in the field of hand rehabilitation. Considering the need for training convenience, we developed a device and a driving system to assist pinching motions actively via a lightweight, simple, and wireless mechanism driven by the magnetic forces and torques generated by magnets attached to the tip of these two fingers. This device provides accurate pinching motions through the linking structures connecting the two magnets. The fabricated device has minimal mechanical elements with an ultralightweight of 57.2 g. The magnetic field, the intensity of which is based on the time variant, generates a pinching motion between the thumb and index finger, thus rendering it possible to achieve repetitive training. To verify the generation of an active pinching motion, we fabricated a finger model using a 3D printer and a rubber sheet and observed the active motions generated by the newly developed device. We also verified the performance of the proposed mechanism and driving method via various experiments and magnetic simulations. The proposed mechanism represents an important breakthrough for patients requiring hand rehabilitation and wearable assistive motion devices.

Large Deformation Analysis of Rubber by Software Fusion 360

This paper articulates you the large deformation procedure of a rubber sheet. Nowadays, material selection of a component is very important as per the trend and compact ability, materials like rubber nitrile, rubber silicone is considered for the structural analysis of rubber. By the application of Fusion 360 software with the boundary conditions, the parameters like stress, strain and deformation is known for the specific material. Keywords: Fusion 360, rubber, silicone, nitrile, stress, strain, deformation.