SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDIGOFERA FORAGE IN WEST MANGGARAI REGENCY: REVIEW OF FACTORS AFFECTING ADOPTION

Ruminant productivity is influenced by the quality and quantity of forage. Forage plant that is prospectively developed is Indigofera which has advantages such as high nutrient content, low crude fiber, being able to live in dry areas, and low anti-nutrient. However, as an innovation, adoption, cultivation, and utilization in a sustainable manner depend on several factors. This study was aimed to investigate the potential adoption of Indigofera forage in West Manggarai Regency with a focus on the factors that influence adoption. Data were collected through observations, individual interviews, Focus Group Discussions and study of documents. The number of respondent’s farmers was 59 from seven villages in five sub-districts. The results showed that in terms of the respondent’s characteristic factors, 96.61% were in the productive age, 94.7% had a formal education background, a sufficient number of a household member and a good perception of the Indigofera. From the socioeconomic condition factor, there are introductions of innovations through different patterns involving different actors with different results which can be used as an introduction model. From the characteristic factor, Indigofera forage has higher nutritional content compared to other popular forages, easy to live in the dry land, the process of breeding and cultivation is not difficult for the profession of farmers and has proven the results of development in other regions in Indonesia. Based on the facts and analysis, it was concluded that the Indigofera plant has the potential to be widely adopted and used by farmers in the West Manggarai Regency.

Large Coseismic Slip to the Trench During the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

The strong ground motions, large crustal deformation, and tsunami generated by the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake ( Mw 9.1) reveal that a large coseismic slip likely propagated to shallow depth in the Japan Trench. Although data acquired by onshore networks cannot resolve the slip behavior of the updip fault rupture, marine geophysical and geological studies provide direct evidence of coseismic slip to the trench. Differential bathymetry data show ∼50 m of coseismic seafloor displacement extending to the central Japan Trench (38–39.2°N). Seismic data show that coseismic slip ruptured the seafloor within the trench. Pelagic clays may have promoted slip propagation to shallow depths, whereas disturbed/metamorphosed clays may have restricted slip to the main rupture zone. Those observations imply that a smooth, broadly distributed, weak, clay-rich sediment in a shallow part of a subduction zone is a characteristic factor that can foster a large coseismic slip to the trench and, consequently, the generation of a large tsunami. ▪ During the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake ( Mw 9.1), more than ∼50 m of slip occurred on a fault that ruptured the seafloor in the central Japan Trench. ▪ The fault rupture reaching the seafloor caused a large tsunami. ▪ Marine geophysical explorations revealed that a clay-rich sediment in the subduction zone was one factor fostering the large fault slip. ▪ Understanding of slip behavior in the shallow portion of a subduction zone will help us prepare for future large tsunamis along the Japan-Kuril Trench.

Alpha Modeling of Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph for Part of Watersheds in Indonesia

The lacks of hydrograph data in the field has become the drawback of the hydraulic structure planning. However, such a conditional deficiency in particular, has urgently placed the Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH) models to be very great utility. The Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH) is a popular model that is used in many water resources designs especially in design flood analysis in ungagged watershed. One of the SUH that is usually used in Indonesia is Nakayasu SUH. This model is depended on the α parameter that is influencing the unit hydrograph ordinate and time base. This research intends to build a model of α parameter that is as the characteristic factor of part of watersheds in Indonesia. The methodology consists of observed unit hydrograph analysis for obtaining the α parameter in each watershed, to collect the characteristic data in each watershed, and then to formulate the α parameter model that is as the function of watershed characteristic. The result is formulation model of α that can be used to analyze the design flood in the watershed in Indonesia

Empirical Analysis of Claims Development Trapezoids following Benford’s Law

In this paper we make an empirical analysis of a wide range of claims developmenttrapezoids following Benford’s law. In particular we determine Benfors’s law fordifferent characteristic factors depending on claims development triangles/trapezoids.These characteristic factors are the cumulative claims payments, the incrementalclaims payments and the individual development factors. For each characteristic factor hypothesis testing is done for verifying/rejecting Benford’s law.

Enhancing Student’s Understanding in Entrepreneurship Through Business Plan Simulation

Business Plan is an important document for entrepreneurs to guide them managing their business. Business Plan also assist the entrepreneur to strategies their business and manage future growth. That is why Malaysian government has foster all Higher Education Provider to set entrepreneurship education as compulsory course. One of the entrepreneurship education learning outcome is the student can write effective business plan. This study focused on enhancing student’s understanding in entrepreneurship through business plan simulation. This study also considers which of the factor that most facilitate the business simulation that help the student to prepare effective business plan. The methodology of this study using quantitative approach with pre-and post-research design. 114 students take part as respondent in the business simulation and answer quantitative survey pre-question and post question. The crucial findings of this study are student characteristic factor after playing the simulation contribute much on facilitate business plan learning. The result has shown that the business plan simulation can enhance undergraduate student in understanding entrepreneurship by preparing effective business plan before opening new startup.