interval method
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2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan Hee Tan ◽  
Brian Wodlinger ◽  
Christian Pavlovich ◽  
Laurence Klotz

Objectives To compare the performance of micro-ultrasound (mUS) with multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer. Materials and Methods Retrospective data from consecutive patients with any indication for prostate biopsy in 2 academic institutions were included. The operator, blinded to mpMRI, would first scan the prostate and annotate any mUS lesions. All mUS lesions were biopsied. Any mpMRI lesions that did not correspond to mUS lesion upon unblinding were additionally biopsied. Grade group (GG) ≥ 2 was considered clinically significant cancer. The Jeffreys interval method was used to compare performance of mUS with mpMRI with the non-inferiority limit set at −5%. Results Imaging and biopsy were performed in 82 patients with 153 lesions. mUS had similar sensitivity to mpMRI (per-lesion analysis: 78.4% versus 72.5%), but lower specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the curve. Micro-ultrasound found GG ≥ 2 in 13% of cases missed by mpMRI, while mpMRI found GG ≥ 2 in 11% of cases missed by mUS. The difference 0.020 (95% CI −0.070 to 0.110) was not statistically significant (P = 0.33). Conclusion The sensitivity of mUS in detecting GG ≥ 2 disease was similar to that of mpMRI, but the specificity was lower. Further evaluation with a larger sample size and experienced operators is warranted.


2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
Jin Cheng ◽  

<abstract><p>In this paper, global exponential outer synchronization of coupled nonlinear systems with general coupling matrices are investigated via pinning impulsive control. More realistic and more general partially coupled drive-response systems are established, where the completely communication channel matrix between coupled nodes may not be a permutation matrix. By using pinning impulsive strategy involving pinning ratio and our generalised lower average impulsive interval method, a number of novel and less restrictive synchronization criteria are proposed. In the end, a numerical example is constructed to indicate the effectiveness of our theoretical results.</p></abstract>


Author(s):  
Michael Riedl ◽  
Dominik Henrich

AbstractPlayback robot programming is fast and easy to use for non-experts, because the robot only needs to be manually guided. However, it is only capable of replaying the trajectory exactly as it was taught. We present the concept of loop increments for playback programmed robots to allow the user to teach tasks like palletizing or stacking without having to explicitly guide the robot through each trajectory. Only the base trajectory for one repetition needs to be program med. After each loop iteration, the user-defined increment is added to the incremental configurations, e.g. to the pick or place configurations. To achieve this, two methods of defining the loop increments are shown. Afterwards, linear, Gaussian, and cosine blending functions in combination with the point and interval method are introduced for weighting the increments and as a foundation for the adaption algorithm. The evaluation showed, that the cosine blending function with the interval method best fits the needs of our programming system.


Author(s):  
D. Bharath ◽  
R. Velusamy ◽  
J. Pushpa ◽  
K. Prabakaran

The degree of positive or negative affect associated with a psychological object is referred to as attitude. Any symbol, phrase, slogan, person, institution, idea or ideal toward which people could differ in terms of positive or negative influence can be used as a psychological object. Attitude scale provides a quantitative assessment of attitudes, views, or values by summarizing numerical scores assigned by researchers to people's replies to sets of statements investigating different aspects of a central subject. The objective of this research was to construct and standardize the same. A scale measuring the attitude of perennial crop farmers towards climate change in Tamil Nadu is developed. One hundred possible statements were prepared to assess the perennial crop farmers attitude towards climate change using the five-point continuum. The S-value and Q-value of each statement were found. The scale was developed using the equal appearing interval method, which comprises of 10 statements (four positive and six negative).


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 998-1005
Author(s):  
Donie Donie ◽  
Yanuar Kiram ◽  
Hermanzoni Hermanzoni ◽  
Eval Edmizal

The purpose of this study was to determine the development of physiological aspects of increasing aerobic and anaerobic performance in students who become badminton athletes through optimizing footwork exercises using the high-intensity interval method (HITT). This research will provide a solution for trainers in combining and optimizing footwork exercises as a technique in badminton combined with the principles of interval training to increase badminton athletes' aerobic and anaerobic capacity. This study used an experimental approach by giving footwork training treatment (HITT) to 30 Padang State University students who became badminton athletes. Researchers saw the effect of the exercise given on aerobic capacity (VO2max) and anaerobic capacity. The statistical analysis results showed that footwork exercise with The HIIT (High High-Intensity Interval Training) method positively affects badminton athletes' maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) anaerobic capacity. In this concept, footwork training using the HIIT method effectively develops aerobic and anaerobic metabolism in response to energy requirements during total energy production in training maximum.


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