Associations between maternal mid-pregnancy apolipoprotein A-1, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-1 ratio and preterm birth: An observational study

Objective: To investigate the association between maternal apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA-1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), ApoB/ApoA-1ratio and preterm birth (PTB). Design: Observational survey. Setting: Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, China Samples: 5986 pregnant women. Method: Data were extracted from the information system of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital. Maternal serum ApoB, ApoA-1 and ApoB/ApoA-1 ratio were categorized into tertiles. Logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for PTB. Main outcome measures: PTB (gestational age < 37 weeks) Results: Of the study participants, the rate of preterm birth was 5.7% (n= 344). Compare with individuals in the lowest tertile, the adjusted ORs of PTB was 1.41 (95% CI: 1.07-1.87) for individuals in the highest tertile of ApoB and 1.35 (95% CI: 1.03-1.78) for those in the highest tertile of ApoB/ApoA-1. The association of ApoB/ApoA-1 and PTB was more relevant among women with pre-pregnancy BMI ≤ 24 kg/m2, age at delivery ≥ 35 years or those who were multiparous. Conclusions: Elevated maternal ApoB level and ApoB/ApoA-1 ratio during mid-pregnancy were related to increased risk of PTB. Monitoring serum apolipoprotein levels may help to prevent preterm birth. Funding: The study was funded by grants 2019FYH003 from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Keywords: Apolipoprotein A-1, Apolipoprotein B, Apolipoprotein B/Apolipoprotein A-1, Preterm birth Tweetable abstract：Maternal mid-pregnancy ApoB level and ApoB/ApoA-1 ratio were associated with PTB.

Prognostic Effect of Preoperative Apolipoprotein B Level in Surgical Patients with Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma

Background To assess the prognostic value of preoperative apolipoprotein B level in surgical patients with renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Materials and Methods The study included 307 ccRCC patients receiving radical or partial nephrectomy between 2003 and 2012 in our center. The correlations among the preoperative ApoB, clinico-pathological parameters, and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Results A total of 193 men (62.9%) and 114 women (37.1%) with ccRCC underwent radical or partial nephrectomy were enrolled in the present study. The OS at five years after operation was 90.6% for all patients, 87.4% for the lower ApoB group, and 97.0% for the higher ApoB group. The CSS at 5 years after surgery was 90.2% for all patients, 86.7% for the lower ApoB group, and 97.0% for the higher ApoB group. A higher ApoB level was related to a better OS and CSS in ccRCC patients (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). In multivariate analysis, age >60 (P=0.008 and P=0.023), lower Apo B level (P= 0.019 and P= 0.018), were independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS, respectively. Conclusions In the Apo apolipoprotein family, the preoperative ApoB level has an important clinical significance for predicting the prognosis survival rate of the ccRCC patients.

Prognostic Effect of Preoperative Apolipoprotein B Level in Surgical Patients with Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma

Objectives To assess the prognostic value of preoperative apolipoprotein B level in surgical patients with renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Materials and Methods The study included 308 ccRCC patients receiving radical or partial nephrectomy between 2003 and 2012 in our center. The correlations among the preoperative ApoB, clinico -pathological parameters, and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Results A total of 193 men (62.9%) and 114 women (37.1%) with ccRCC underwent radical or partial nephrectomy were enrolled in the present study. The OS at five years after operation was 90.6% for all patients, 87.4% for the lower ApoB group, and 97.0% for the higher ApoB group. The CSS at 5 years after surgery was 90.2% for all patients, 86.7% for the lower ApoB group, and 97.0% for the higher ApoB group. A higher ApoB level was related to a better OS and CSS in ccRCC patients (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). In multivariate analysis, age >60 (P=0.008 and P=0.023), lower Apo B level (P= 0.019 and P= 0.018), were independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS, respectively. Conclusions In the Apo apolipoprotein family, the preoperative ApoB level has an important clinical significance for predicting the prognosis survival rate of the ccRCC patients.

NILAI SMALL DENSE LDL REMAJA DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN LIPID LAINNYA

In Indonesia, coronary heart disease (CHD) as the cause of death is still the highest in number. It is estimated that the numberof deaths is about 535 per 100.000 population. Atherosclerosis represents the main risk factor which could be predicted through thepresence of small dense LDL (sdLDL) in youngsters. To determine the value of sdLDL in youngsters and its correlation with other lipids,a study was conducted cross sectionally in Makassar, from January to August 2006, on 125 youngsters aged 15 to 19 years. Their totalcholesterol, HDL, LDL, TG and ApoB was determined and sdLDL was derived from calculation of LDL/apoB ≤ 1.2. 69 (55.20%) patientsshowed sdLDL value and 56 (44.8%) patients did not show sdLDL value. Statistical calculation showed a significant correlation betweensdLDL and HDL level (p = 0.001), sdLDL and TG level (p = 0.003), and sdLDL and ApoB level (p = 0.036). Percentage of sdLDL valuewas higher in youngsters aged 15 to 19. This proves that the process of atherosclerosis happened early at a young age. Showed by theexistence of sdLDL and therefore sdLDL could be used as a predictor of atherosclerosis which can be prevented if detected earlier.

Polymorphisms XbaI (rs693) and EcoRI (rs1042031) of the ApoB gene are associated with carotid plaques but not with carotid intima-media thickness in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

Background: Apolipoprotein B is a key structural component of all the atherogenic lipoproteins (LDL, VLDL and IDL). Genetic variations of the ApoB gene may affect plasma ApoB and lipid levels, thus influencing atherogenesis. The present study was designed to investigate the association of polymorphisms XbaI (rs693) and EcoRI (rs1042031) of the ApoB gene with plasma ApoB level, lipid levels and the different ultrasound phenotypes of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Patients and methods: 595 patients with diabetes (399 on statin therapy and 196 without) and 200 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaque characteristics (presence and structure) were assessed ultrasonographically. Biochemical analyses were performed using standard biochemical methods. Both XbaI (rs693) and EcoRI (rs1042031) genotypes were determined by real-time PCR. Results: Genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the XbaI and EcoRI polymorphisms were not statistically significantly different between diabetic patients and controls. No statistically significant difference in lipid parameters, ApoA1, ApoB, hs-CRP and fibrinogen as well as CIMT was observed in diabetic patients regarding XbaI and EcoRI polymorphisms, even after adjustment for statin treatment. The risk of having plaques on carotid arteries was higher in homozygous carriers of the mutant X + allele (OR = 1.74, p = 0.03) and lower in diabetics carrying mutant E- alleles (OR = 0.48, p = 0.02). Neither XbaI nor EcoRI polymorphism was associated with CIMT or presence of unstable plaques in diabetic patients. Plasma ApoB level was not independently associated with any of the ultrasonographic parameters of carotid atherosclerosis. Conclusions: Both XbaI and EcoRI polymorphisms were associated with presence of plaques on carotid arteries but not with CIMT or presence of unstable plaques. Plasma ApoB level was not independently associated with ultrasonographic phenotypes of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus.