Spatial temporal analysis for potential wave energy resources in Indonesia

Future energy becomes a concern all over the country. The fossil energy resources are decreasing now, and the exploitation these resources leave behind environmental problems. It was increasing the gas emission of CO2 and affected global warming. Renewable and environmentally friendly energy resource is the right choice to solve the problem. Wave power is one of the marine resources that have an advantage in hight density and continuity. This research aims to investigate the spatial-temporal distribution of wave power potency. This study location between 90°E – 150°E; 15°N – 15°S. We used a hindcast data simulation of WAVEWATCH-III with 0.125° (~14 km) spatial resolution and six-hourly data for 25 years (1991-2015). We determine the potential wave power resources by considering the wave flux, Presence of Exceedance (PE), Coefficient of Variation (Cv), Monthly Variability Index (MV), and Seasonal Variability Index (SV). The result shows that in the open sea, such as the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean, contains higher wave power density. The level of stability shows that this area is more stable than the inner sea. The power density changes periodically conducted with the monsoonal cycle. The highest energy flux in the Indian Ocean achieved when Australian monsoon and lowest when Asian monsoon, whereas in the Pacific Ocean, the peak of power density reaches when Asian monsoon onset and the lowest in June-July-August. The most stable level coherent with the highest power density, and the lowest level is in the transition period. Based on this analysis, the most potential areas for wave power development are in Enggano, Lampung, Banten, West Java, Central Java, DIY, East Java until Bali.

Wave Energy Potential for Development of Renewable Energy in Riau Archipelago Province

Energy and electricity demand in Riau Islands is increasing rapidly due to the fast-growing population, urbanization, industrial development, and economic growth. The limitations of energy and electricity in the Riau Islands caused frequent blackouts. To support the high demand for energy and electricity in the Riau Islands, renewable energy is the most suitable alternative energy solution. Renewable energy is not only playing a key role in providing energy but also providing long-term clean and sustainable energy. We investigated the wave energy potential in the Riau Islands Sea in four different consecutive monsoons (North monsoon, East monsoon, South Monsoon and West Monsoon) using ECMWF data during January 2018 to December 2018 with 0.125o x 0.125o and 6 hourly spatial and temporal resolutions. We extracted bathymetry data from NOAA’s database ETOPO1 and forecasting wave characteristics use the SPM (Shore Protection Manual) method. The potential wave energy simulation from significant wave height (Hs) and energy period (Te) was shown in spatial distribution based on different monsoon. Our studies found that the potential wave energy was higher in north monsoon with maximum spatial of wave power density 3.240 – 3.640 kW.m-1. The east monsoon tended to be lower potential wave energy with dominance of wave power density at 0 – 0.127 kW.m-1. Keywords: wave power density, potential wave energy, ECWFM, monsoon

Development of a Protocol to Couple Wave and CFD Solvers Towards Reproducible CFD Modeling Practices for Offshore Applications

Generating waves inside the CFD domain is a topic of interest in the offshore and naval industry. For practical reasons it is useful to use a potential wave kinematic solver (PWKS) to generate incident waves and use this solution to initialize and propagate incident waves in the CFD solver. Protocols to transfer the wave data from PWKS to CFD solver have been developed to ensure the reproduction of the wave kinematics from a PWKS in CFD solvers. Based on the survey results from a number of PWKS and CFD solvers available, the paper presents the various ways to express the solution and what is needed to reconstruct the fields needed in the CFD.