Anti-nonspecific adsorption segments-assisted self-driven surface imprinted fibers for efficient protein separation

At present, the development of high-performance protein imprinted materials is still a research hotspot in the field of protein imprinting. Herein, anti-protein adsorption segment (CBMA)-assisted self-driven BSA surface imprinted fibers MTCFs@SIP@CBMA with high recognition selectivity are pioneered using the strategies of combining magnetic nanomaterial surface imprinting technique with amino-Michael addition. The special structure of the carrier MTCFs endows MTCFs@SIP@CBMA with magnetic performance and self-driven adsorption performance, which simplifies the separation process while improving the adsorption capacity and accelerating the adsorption rate. The adsorption capacity for BSA reached 395.26 mg/g within 30 min. The introduction of CBMA segments on the surface after imprinting by amino-Michael addition makes its polymer chain length and position controllable. Under the strongest anti-nonspecific adsorption effect, MTCFs@SIP@CBMA exhibit excellent specific identification to BSA from mixed proteins. Additionally, MTCFs@SIP@CBMA show considerable reusability. Therefore, MTCFs@SIP@CBMA are expected to be applied in efficient separation of proteins in biological samples.

Improving Surface Imprinting Effect by Reducing Nonspecific Adsorption on Non-imprinted Polymer Films for 2,4-D Herbicide Sensors

Surface imprinting used for template recognition in nanocavities can be controlled and improved by surface morphological changes. Generally, the lithographic technique is used for surface patterning concerning sensing signal amplification in molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) thin films. In this paper, we describe the effects of silanized silica molds on sensing the properties of MIP films. Porous imprinted poly(MAA–co–EGDMA) films were lithographically fabricated using silanized or non-treated normal silica replica molds to detect 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) herbicide as the standard template. The silanized mold MIP film (st-MIP) (Δf = −1021 Hz) exhibited a better sensing response than the non-treated normal MIP (n-MIP) (Δf = −978 Hz) because the imprinting effects, which occurred via functional groups on the silica surface, could be reduced through silane modification. Particularly, two non-imprinted (NIP) films (st-NIP and n-NIP) exhibited significantly different sensing responses. The st-NIP (Δfst-NIP = −332 Hz) films exhibited lower Δf values than the n-NIP film (Δfn-NIP = −610 Hz) owing to the remarkably reduced functionality against nonspecific adsorption. This phenomenon led to different imprinting factor (IF) values for the two MIP films (IFst-MIP = 3.38 and IFn-MIP = 1.86), which was calculated from the adsorbed 2,4-D mass per poly(MAA–co–EGDMA) unit weight (i.e., QMIP/QNIP). Moreover, it was found that the st-MIP film had better selectivity than the n-MIP film based on the sensing response of analogous herbicide solutions. As a result, it was revealed that the patterned molds’ chemical surface modification, which controls the surface functionality of imprinted films during photopolymerization, plays a role in fabricating enhanced sensing properties in patterned MIP films.

Eliminating Nonspecific Binding Sites for Highly Reliable Immunoassay via Super-resolution Multicolor Fluorescence Colocalization

Non-specific adsorption in immunoassays has always been a major problem that affects the reliability of assay results. Despite the emergence of various methods which can reduce nonspecific adsorption, a universal...

Ultra-durable, Multi-template Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Ultrasensitive Monitoring and Multicomponent Quantification of Trace Sulfa Antibiotics

Traditional analysis methods are susceptible to interference caused by the complexity of sample matrices, and detector surface fouling arising from nonspecific adsorption of microorganisms (in biological samples) which leads in...

Effect of Extracorporeal Blood Purification on Mortality in Sepsis: A Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> The objective of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine whether mortality benefit exists for extracorporeal blood purification techniques in sepsis. <b><i>Data Sources:</i></b> A systematic search on MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for RCTs was performed. <b><i>Study Selection:</i></b> RCTs investigating the effect of extracorporeal blood purification device use on mortality among critically ill septic patients were selected. <b><i>Data Extraction:</i></b> Mortality was assessed using Mantel-Haenszel models, and <i>I</i>² was used for heterogeneity. Data are presented as odds ratios (OR); 95% confidence intervals (CIs); <i>p</i> values; <i>I</i>². Using the control event mortality proportion, we performed a TSA and calculated the required information size using an anticipated intervention effect of a 14% relative reduction in mortality. <b><i>Data Synthesis:</i></b> Thirty-nine RCTs were identified, with 2,729 patients. Fourteen studies used hemofiltration (<i>n</i> = 789), 17 used endotoxin adsorption devices (<i>n</i> = 1,363), 3 used nonspecific adsorption (<i>n</i> = 110), 2 were cytokine removal devices (<i>n</i> = 117), 2 used coupled plasma filtration adsorption (CPFA) (<i>n</i> = 207), 2 combined hemofiltration and perfusion (<i>n</i> = 40), and 1 used plasma exchange (<i>n</i> = 106). On conventional meta-analysis, hemofiltration (OR 0.56 [0.40–0.79]; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001; <i>I</i>² = 0%), endotoxin removal devices (OR 0.40 [0.23–0.67], <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001; <i>I</i>² = 71%), and nonspecific adsorption devices (OR 0.32 [0.13–0.82]; <i>p</i> = 0.02; <i>I</i>² = 23%) were associated with mortality benefit, but not cytokine removal (OR 0.99 [0.07–13.42], <i>p</i> = 0.99; <i>I</i>² = 64%), CPFA (OR 0.50 [0.10–2.47]; <i>p</i> = 0.40; <i>I</i>² = 64%), or combined hemofiltration and adsorption (OR 0.71 [0.13–3.79]; <i>p</i> = 0.69; <i>I</i>² = 0%). TSA however revealed that based on the number of existing patients recruited for RCTs, neither hemofiltration (TSA-adjusted CI 0.29–1.10), endotoxin removal devices (CI 0.05–3.40), nor nonspecific adsorption devices (CI 0.01–14.31) were associated with mortality benefit. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> There are inadequate data at present to conclude that the use of extracorporeal blood purification techniques in sepsis is beneficial. Further adequately powered RCTs are required to confirm any potential mortality benefit, which may be most evident in patients at greatest risk of death.

Clickable Cellulosic Surfaces for Peptide-Based Bioassays

The use of peptides in paper-based analytics is a highly appealing field, yet it suffers from severe limitations. This is mostly due to the loss of effective target recognition properties of this relatively small bioprobes upon nonspecific adsorption onto cellulose substrates. Here, we address this issue by introducing a simple polymer-based strategy to obtain clickable cellulosic surfaces, that we exploited for the chemoselective bioconjugation of peptide bioprobes. Our method largely outperformed standard adsorption-based immobilization strategy in a challenging, real-case immunoassay, namely the diagnostic discrimination of Zika+ individuals from healthy controls. Of note, the clickable polymeric coating not only allows efficient peptides bioconjugation, but it provides favorable anti-fouling properties to the cellulosic support. We envisage our strategy to broaden the repertoire of cellulosic materials manipulation and promote a renewed interest in peptide-based paper bioassays.

Clickable Cellulosic Surfaces for Peptide-Based Bioassays

The use of peptides in paper-based analytics is a highly appealing field, yet it suffers from severe limitations. This is mostly due to the loss of effective target recognition properties of this relatively small bioprobes upon nonspecific adsorption onto cellulose substrates. Here, we address this issue by introducing a simple polymer-based strategy to obtain clickable cellulosic surfaces, that we exploited for the chemoselective bioconjugation of peptide bioprobes. Our method largely outperformed standard adsorption-based immobilization strategy in a challenging, real-case immunoassay, namely the diagnostic discrimination of Zika+ individuals from healthy controls. Of note, the clickable polymeric coating not only allows efficient peptides bioconjugation, but it provides favorable anti-fouling properties to the cellulosic support. We envisage our strategy to broaden the repertoire of cellulosic materials manipulation and promote a renewed interest in peptide-based paper bioassays.