Software-Defined Network (SDN) Architecture and Security Considerations for 5G Communications

The fifth generation (5G) communication technology is a standard for the broadband communication applicable for mobile communications. The entire network for any application is subdivided into many sub-geographical areas termed as cells. All these cells are connected through radio waves using internet or telecommunication network with the deployment of antennas in each cell. The antennas used for the 5G communications are controlled by special hardware implementation that increases the complexity of the network. To reduce the complexity of this hardware implementation, it is necessary to replace the hardware control by a pre-programmed software control.

Multibeam Reflectarrays in Ka-Band for Efficient Antenna Farms Onboard Broadband Communication Satellites

Broadband communication satellites in Ka-band commonly use four reflector antennas to generate a multispot coverage. In this paper, four different multibeam antenna farms are proposed to generate the complete multispot coverage using only two multibeam reflectarrays, making it possible to halve the number of required antennas onboard the satellite. The proposed solutions include flat and curved reflectarrays with single or dual band operation, the operating principles of which have been experimentally validated. The designed multibeam reflectarrays for each antenna farm have been analyzed to evaluate their agreement with the antenna requirements for real satellite scenarios in Ka-band. The results show that the proposed configurations have the potential to reduce the number of antennas and feed-chains onboard the satellite, from four reflectors to two reflectarrays, enabling a significant reduction in cost, mass, and volume of the payload, which provides a considerable benefit for satellite operators.

Emerging network architecture of ultrafast fixed broadband technologies and solutions

This article is introducing the development and emerging network architecture of the newest ultrafast fixed broadband (BB) technologies and solutions in the terrestrial telecommunication industries right across the globe. The modern ultrafast networks and access technologies are known as G.fast, Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification 3.1 (DOCSIS 3.1), and Gigabit Passive Optical Networks (GPON). The basic concepts associated with broadband communication network technologies with emphasis on the provision of multipurpose service focused on the evolution and challenging fields of the broadband communication techniques from the traditional architecture to the incorporation of virtualization services here are also discussed.