scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IN POLAND IN THE CONTEXT OF NEW OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION: CONCLUSIONS FOR UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (9) ◽  
pp. 61-93
Author(s):  
Olena SALIKHOVA ◽  
◽  
Daria HONCHARENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Informal Institutions ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Endogenous Development ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers ◽  
Support For Innovation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Framework Conditions ◽  
Polish Government

In the short term, the measures of the Polish government in the process of European integration proved to be ineffective and did not allow to achieve the goal set by 2002: to strengthen the competitiveness of pharmaceutical companies. The implementation of EU standards and regulations, the adoption of the law on forms of support for innovation have created the basis for the government (co-financed by EU funds) to support research and development and innovation projects and launch the sectoral program InnoNeuroPharm, which, together with tax incentives for research and development and other activities politicians, gave positive impetus to business. With the accession to the EU, Polish pharmaceutical manufacturers have improved their economic results, but still lag far behind German manufacturers, in terms of both technological level and innovation activity, as well as in terms of productivity and wages. The development of the industry is hampered by a number of obstacles: lack of a clear strategy and lack of coordination between concerned authorities; lack of incentives to attract investment; human factor and “industrial corruption”. In the process of European integration, Poland quickly managed to introduce top-down formal institutions, but the transformation of informal institutions continues today. One of the factors that caused falling behind and weak competitiveness of Ukrainian medicines is that European integration processes are aimed primarily at harmonizing the legislative and regulatory framework for pharmaceuticals production, rather than building the potential for endogenous development of the industry. It is noted that only the introduction of a purposeful comprehensive state policy of building "technological champions" in pharmaceuticals based on endogenous innovations can “convert” European integration processes into competitive Ukrainian products and bring them to European markets. It is substantiated that without mental and value changes, transformation of informal institutions and improvement of framework conditions for innovations, the country's benefits from European integration for the development of Ukrainian pharmaceuticals will be limited and unable to reduce the technological and economic gap with European industry leaders.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF REGULATORY POLICY FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS TO THE COUNTRY INNOVATIONAL POLICY OF UKRAINE

Management ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Mаriana S. Shkoda
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Upper And Lower Bounds ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Financing ◽  
Multifactor Regression ◽  
The Impact

Introduction and goal of the research. In today's difficult economic and political conditions in the country, the project team's consideration of the political factor is a necessary requirement. Despite the fact that political problems have an indirect effect on national economies, they can have a significant impact on the activities of economic actors. The purpose of this article is to analyze the influence of the government sector on the development and implementation of international educational projects in the system of innovative development of the country; to determine the coefficients of elasticity and coefficients in order to determine the effect of regression factors on the resulting indicator, which allowed to define the formulation of scientifically substantiated proposals for improving the efficiency of innovation activity.Methods of research. In this work, methods of statistical analysis were used to compare the development of innovation activity and the implementation of innovative projects in Ukraine over the past 10 years; economic-mathematical modeling to determine the accuracy of the forecast by calculating the relative error; calculation of the upper and lower bounds of the predicted interval by means of determining the half-width of the interval forecast.Results of the research.In the course of the study, by substituting the values of the arguments into the equation, the author obtained the trend values of the volume of realized innovative products that grow in the last year of the study; the obtained data of the point forecast of regression factors, with the help of synthesized multifactor regression and the obtained data, determined the forecast volume of the realized innovative products for 2019–2020. Calculated the influence of each factor on the effective index, that is, determined the coefficients and parameters of the matrix of free members. From the above calculations, the author concludes that the second largest factor, the sum of the cost of research and development, has the greatest impact on the effective indicator (volume of realized innovative products).Conclusions. It is evident from the data obtained that the share of own funds in financing research and development during the analyzed period decreased from 79.64% to 59.35%. The volume of state financing of innovation activity in Ukraine is insignificant due to the deficit of the state budget. Under these conditions and taking into account the tendencies of the active spread of globalization processes, the diversification of sources of financing for innovation is urgent and necessary, and separate – the attraction of foreign investments for the development and implementation of international scientific and educational international projects, the implementation of which facilitates the intensification of the innovative development of the national economy, which in practice can be manifested in the growth of volumes of realized innovative products.

Nazistowski mord na Żydach w prasie polskich komunistów (1942–1944).

2006 ◽  
pp. 54-75
Author(s):  
Klaus Peter Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Right

Facing the decisive struggle between Nazism and Soviet communism for dominance in Europe, in 1942/43 Polish communists sojourning in the USSR espoused anti-German concepts of the political right. Their aim was an ethnic Polish ‘national communism’. Meanwhile, the Polish Workers’ Party in the occupied country advocated a maximum intensification of civilian resistance and partisan struggle. In this context, commentaries on the Nazi judeocide were an important element in their endeavors to influence the prevailing mood in the country: The underground communist press often pointed to the fate of the murdered Jews as a warning in order to make it clear to the Polish population where a deficient lack of resistance could lead. However, an agreed, unconditional Polish and Jewish armed resistance did not come about. At the same time, the communist press constantly expanded its demagogic confrontation with Polish “reactionaries” and accused them of shared responsibility for the Nazi murder of the Jews, while the Polish government (in London) was attacked for its failure. This antagonism was intensified in the fierce dispute between the Polish and Soviet governments after the rift which followed revelations about the Katyn massacre. Now the communist propaganda image of the enemy came to the fore in respect to the government and its representatives in occupied Poland. It viewed the government-in-exile as being allied with the “reactionaries,” indifferent to the murder of the Jews, and thus acting ultimately on behalf of Nazi German policy. The communists denounced the real and supposed antisemitism of their adversaries more and more bluntly. In view of their political isolation, they coupled them together, in an undifferentiated manner, extending from the right-wing radical ONR to the social democrats and the other parties represented in the underground parliament loyal to the London based Polish government. Thereby communist propaganda tried to discredit their opponents and to justify the need for a new start in a post-war Poland whose fate should be shaped by the revolutionary left. They were thus paving the way for the ultimate communist takeover

THE FAILURE TO SIGN THE UKRAINE-EU ASSOCIATION AGREEMENT (OCTOBER-NOVEMBER 2013)

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-45
Author(s):  
V. I. Denysenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Russian President ◽  
The Government ◽  
Vladimir Putin ◽  
The Eu

The failure to sign the Association Agreement with the EU in autumn 2013 has been investigated. The role of the Russian factor, which became decisive in the foreign policy reversal of the Yanukovych regime, has been revealed. The importance of Viktor Yanukovych’s meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin on October 27, 2013, in the dramatic change of Ukraine’s international vector has been emphasized. On the basis of diplomats’ memoirs, the assumption about intimidation of the Ukrainian President by the Russian side has been substantiated. The timeline of the preparation of the 2013 Vilnius Summit, the position of EU structures and the attempts of the fourth President of Ukraine to win time to trade with the Russians have been reproduced. The thesis about the Donetsk clan’s attempts to prepare public opinion for a 180 degree turn in late October - early November 2013 has been presented. For this purpose, demonstration meetings were organized with representatives of Ukrainian business and trade unions, who called for revision of plans for European integration on their own initiative. The main role in manipulating public opinion rested on the government of Mykola Azarov and the Verkhovna Rada, which had a majority coalition led by the Party of Regions. Instead, Viktor Yanukovych continued his European integration rhetoric and reiterated to Western partners his own willingness to sign the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU. On November 21, the real position of the ruling elite was made available to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. According to it, the process of preparation for the signing of the Association Agreement was suspended, the proposal was made for the trilateral Ukraine-EU-Russia negotiations, and the ministries were tasked with developing measures to maintain economic ties with the CIS countries. The decision was rejected by European partners and led to Yanukovych’s attempts to find other ways to thwart the signing of the Agreement. It has been proved that this role was played by Yanukovych’s requirements for financial assistance from the EU amounting to about 160 billion euros, which aimed to prevent the signing of the Association Agreement. Key words: Viktor Yanukovych, association of Ukraine with the EU, эYulia Tymoshenko, European integration, Pat Cox, Alexander Kwasniewski, Vladimir Putin.

Concepts for reconstruction of the maritime economy of the polish underground state...in the years 1940–1944

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (324) ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Bogdan Chrzanowski
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Maritime Economy ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
The Military

The regaining of the country’s independence, and then its revival after the war damages, including itseconomic infrastructure – these were the tasks set by the Polish government in exile, first in Paris and thenin London. The maritime economy was to play an important role here. The Polish government was fullyaware of the enormous economic and strategic benefits resulting from the fact that it had a coast, withthe port of Gdynia before the war. It was assumed that both in Gdynia and in the ports that were to belongto Poland after the war: Szczecin, Kołobrzeg, Gdańsk, Elbląg, Królewiec, the economic structure was to betransformed, and they were to become the supply points for Central and Eastern Europe. Work on thereconstruction of the post-war maritime economy was mainly carried out by the Ministry of Industry, Tradeand Shipping. In London, in 1942–1943, a number of government projects were set up to rebuild the entiremaritime infrastructure. All projects undertaken in exile were related to activities carried out by individualunderground divisions of the Polish Underground State domestically, i.e. the “Alfa” Naval Department of theHome Army Headquarters, the Maritime Department of the Military Bureau of Industry and Trade of the Headof the Military Bureau of the Home Army Headquarters and the Maritime Department of the Departmentof Industry Trade and Trade Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Poland in Poland. The abovementionedorganizational units also prepared plans for the reconstruction of the maritime economy, and theprojects developed in London were sent to the country. They collaborated here and a platform for mutualunderstanding was found.

THE IMPACT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT ON AGRICULTURAL SECTOR PERFOMANCE IN KENYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-57
Author(s):  
John Githii Kimani ◽  
Dr. George Ruigu Ruigu
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
Parsimonious Model ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of research and development investment/expenditure on the agricultural sector performance in Kenya.Methodology: The study took the peoples impact assessment direction. The data for this study was collected from various government agencies such as KARI, ASTI, Kenya Agricultural Sector Data compendium website, FAOSTAT, World Bank among others. Co-integration and error correction modeling methods were used in analyzing the data for this study.Results: Co-integration results for both the parsimonious and non-parsimonious model indicated that that there is a long-run relationship among the variables in the agriculture performance in Kenya. Further, findings in this study indicated that the variables under study were insignificant determinants of the long run Total Factor Productivity of the agricultural sector.  Meanwhile, Trade openness was the only significant determinant of the short run agricultural Total Factor Productivity.Unique Contribution to Policy and Practice: This study recommends the institutionalization of policies aimed at ensuring interaction between the various stakeholders in the agricultural sectors. This interaction will ensure that resources are better allocated to reduce duplication of research and dissemination activities. In addition, greater collaboration among the stakeholders will promote and strengthen the connection between research, policy and the application of research findings. The study further advocates that the government should follow a trade liberazation oriented approach to the agricultural sector as opposed to a trade tightening approach.

scholarly journals Developing a monograph book for teaching English skills to young learners in wetlands areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Dini Noor Arini ◽  
Raisa Fadilla
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Young Learners ◽  
Academic Settings ◽  
The Government ◽  
Suitable Reference ◽  
English Instruction

To enable Universitas Lambung Mangkurat (ULM) to become the Asia-Pacific centre for wetlands development in 2027, one of the efforts ULM makes is to raise awareness about the importance of optimising human resources in wetlands through research and development in the educational and cultural fields. English is considered a foreign language in Indonesia, allowing students to use the language outside of academic settings. English becomes a required subject in junior and senior high school; however, the government requires that English be taught in primary schools as a local topic. English, on the other hand, remains a mandatory subject in a large number of Indonesian primary schools, particularly in Banjarmasin. The issue arises in primary school English instruction because there is no clear guidance for teachers on how to teach English in an appropriate and engaging manner for the students. Due to the absence of a monograph book on teaching methods, teachers in some primary schools in Banjarmasin, particularly those located in wetland areas, have limited access to teaching English to young learners (EYL). In light of the university's policy and the critical nature of achieving teaching and learning objectives, as well as the absence of a suitable reference book for teaching EYL, this study aims to develop an appropriate monograph book on teaching techniques for students of young ages. The research and development design is chosen because it aims to create a product and meets the needs of the reference book's development. The results are expected to improve students' academic performance and to assist EYL teachers in wetland areas in conducting effective and meaningful teaching.

scholarly journals The Porous Border Woven with Prejudices and Economic Interests. Polish Border Admission Practices in the Time of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 435
Author(s):  
Witold Klaus
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Global Movement ◽  
The Government ◽  
Seasonal Farm Workers ◽  
Polish Government

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely restricted global movement, thus affecting migration processes and immigrants themselves. The paper focuses on the evaluation of bordering procedures and practices introduced by the Polish government in the time of the pandemic. The aim is to highlight the duality in the admission processes at Polish borders between labour and forced migrants, which have been driven, as I argue, by economic interests and the xenophobic attitudes of the government. The paper is based on interviews with experts assisting migrants during the pandemic in Poland, whose direct contact with thousands of clients has allowed them to acquire broad knowledge of how the new legal provisions have affected different groups of immigrants. The data confirms that the Polish border is very porous. It has been almost completely closed to asylum seekers, especially those fleeing from Muslim countries, for whom the only option is to cross the border illegally. Only one exception was made for Belarusians, who were cordially welcomed at the border while escaping persecution in their home country in the wake of their protests against Lukashenko’s regime. Economic migrants, on the other hand, exist on the other side of the spectrum. For immigrant workers, borders have remained open throughout the whole pandemic. Moreover, some further measures facilitating their arrival were introduced, such as de facto lifting of quarantine for seasonal farm workers.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF ZAKAT FUND MANAGEMENT IN REGIONAL ZAKAT INSTITUTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tika Widiastuti ◽  
Imron Mawardi ◽  
Anidah Robani ◽  
Aam Slamet Rusydiana
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Fund Management ◽  
Threat Analysis ◽  
Gift Economy ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
The Government

Purpose: The implementation of zakat fund management especially in some zakat institutions is considered not optimum yet. This condition is represented by disparity between potential and actual collection. In Islam, the objective of zakat is not only to collect wealth and keep it idle, instead zakat should become a source of productive fund to fulfill societal needs. Some countries with advanced zakat institutions have developed zakat to become a pillar of economic development. Today, each zakat institution is competing against each other to innovate in zakat fund management. Empowerment in zakat institutions with the appropriate strategies will enhance zakat management and distribution for the betterment of zakat recipients (mustahiq) and the Muslim society at large. Design/Methodology/Approach: This research is aimed to analyze optimization of management in regional zakat institution with SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity, threat) analysis approach with IFE-EFE Matrix. Descriptive qualitative analysis is used to explain optimization of fund in zakat institution. Major Findings:Findings of this research shows that zakat institution should improve their strategy by developing strength and turning threat into opportunities. Originality/Value: The study provides a guideline for regional zakat institution on how they can enhance their role and efficiency to boost the economic growth for the Islamic community in Indonesia. It may also be instrumental for the government to improve in efficiency and innovative manpower, considerable research and development in optimizing Islamic Gift Economy to enhance economic growth of the Islamic community of Indonesia.

Development Status and Countermeasures of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Service Platform in China's Universities

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 6180-6189
Author(s):  
Wang Yong ◽  
Zhang Yaohui
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Service Platform ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Support For Innovation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Innovation And Entrepreneurship

Innovation and entrepreneurship service platforms in colleges and universities bear the dual responsibility of education on and support for innovation and entrepreneurship. However, at present, they are confronted with such problems as insufficient government policy publicity, insignificant transformation effect of scientific research achievements, fragile business environment, and weak financing function. To continue to advance the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship service platform for college students, it is necessary to improve the government environment of those platforms within colleges and universities, build the service platform based on the transformation of teachers’ scientific research achievements, enhance the business environment for college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship, and promote the financing capacity of colleges’ incubators.

On Innovative Activity in Pharmaceutical Industry

Vestnik NSUEM ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 168-174
Author(s):  
M. I. Berkovich ◽  
A. Yu. Volin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Drug Products ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers

The article provides with different approaches to the assessment of pharmaceutical manufacturers’ innovation activity. The peculiarities of pharmaceutical industry product that can be characterized as innovative are taken into consideration. Special attention has been given to the pharmaceutical industry peculiarities originating from differentiation of original drug products and generics in the structure of pharmaceutical industry production. Based on these findings the classification of Russian pharmaceutical manufacturers in accordance with their innovation activity extent evaluated by their activity in clinical trials conducting was developed. The classification is based upon k-means clustering algorithm with 5 clusters specified.The small amount of manufacturers involved in clinical trials conducting and some optimistic insights about the original products share were concluded hereafter.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document