Impact of Risk Management towards Sustainability of Microfinance Industry in Sri Lanka: A Case Study

Purpose of the study: The microfinance industry has been developed significantly last two decades. It is fast becoming a household name globally and one of the key contributors to social-economic development. The Sustainability of the microfinance industry depends on several factors and encounters numerous challenges. The purpose of the study is to examine whether there is a relationship between risk management and the sustainability of the microfinance industry in Sri Lanka. Methodology: A simple regression analysis is used to demonstrate a connection in which one independent variable is predicted to influence one dependent variable. The study included 376 microfinance women borrowers from three districts in Sri Lanka, and the cluster sampling approach was used. Primary data was gathered using surveys, while secondary data was collected from CBSL, MFI annual reports, and the Microfinance Information Exchanger (MIX). Main Findings: The study findings reveal that effective risk Management has a significantly positive relationship with the Suitability of the Microfinance Industry in Sri Lanka. Research limitations/implications: The study was limited to three districts out of 25 districts in Sri Lanka, and the sample frame was selected from three leading MFIs that agreed to participate in the research. The availability of time for this study was limited and could not permit the consideration of all MFIs and the entire country. Novelty/Originality: The study concludes that MFIs should have a proper and effective risk management process, but it should be adequately handled and communicated to borrowers. It implies that proactive risk management is essential to the long-term Sustainability of microfinance institutions (MFIs).

Rural-urban migration on the Crimean Peninsula

Despite the wide popularity of the Crimean region, its scientific descriptions are full of gaps. In the Soviet period, the research was limited by the unspoken prohibitions on the study of social processes and by the absence of a strong scientific school. After the collapse of the USSR, the Crimean region was considered only in the works on social aspects of migration and on artificial transformations of the ethnic-confessional composition of the population. The change in the status of the Crimean Peninsula in 2014 made this region interesting for the Russian science: there are many recent articles on the features of the social-economic development of the peninsula, but a number of issues in the life of Crimea are still poorly understood. One of them is the migration on the peninsula: the historical ethnic migrations are sufficiently described but not the contemporary population movements. Historically, migration processes have played an important role in the social-economic development of Crimea. However, until recently, external migrations were the driver of this development, while since the beginning of the 21st century, migration movements within the peninsula have played this role, and their features should be taken into account in planning and financing the rural development. Rural areas of Crimea remain agrarian-overpopulated; therefore, it is necessary to identify areas promising for capital investment and areas that soon will be depopulated due to the lack of opportunities for human and social capital. The author considers the population exchange between urban and rural areas as an important factor for the demographic situation, and focuses on the reasons and features of the spatial mobility and migration of the Crimean population based on the analysis of statistical data and transport links between the city and the countryside.

Social-Economic Problems of Development of the City of Sulyukta (Kyrgyzstan) in the Years of Independence (1991-2020)

The article deals with the social-economic development of the city of Sulyukta. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Central Asia, including Kyrgyzstan, embarked on the path of perestroika. Economic and political difficulties are leading to major economic changes in the region. These changes have changed the economy, society and culture. The social-economic crisis throughout the post-Soviet region had a negative impact on all industries, including manufacturing. The crisis greatly affected the coal production of the city of Sulyukta. In the last years of Soviet power, especially in the first years of independence, coal production in Sulyukta fell sharply. The main reasons for this were the breakdown of old economic ties, the demands of new market conditions and low demand for coal. In this context, the economic situation in the city of Sulyukta has worsened.

The problem of the Black Sea pollution in Odessa region of Ukraine

The article considers the problem of Black Sea pollution in Odessa region. The researchers made a comparative analysis based on archival and modern materials, statistics on the assessment of pollution of the Black Sea coast around the city of Odessa, as well as adjacent areas to the region. The urgent task of Ukraine as a maritime state is to ensure optimal and sustainable functioning of the maritime complex. The Black Sea has been significantly affected by anthropogenic and man-made activities, which affects its water regime and properties. Therefore, researchers raise the issue of efficient use of natural resources as one of the most important conditions for sustainable social-economic development. In the article we come to the conclusion that the Black Sea ecosystem is affected by the reduction of fresh water, which leads to the influx of inorganic, organic and toxic substances etc. Thus, the researchers highlighted important issues of marine pollution in Ukraine, trying to draw the attention of scientists and the public to address pressing issues and find additional funding for the conservation of the Black Sea ecosystem.

Role of Enterprise in Training and Developing Human Resources in Vietnam

After 35 years of national renovation and the implementation of the industrialization and modernization policy, our country has initially gained very important achievements in social-economic development. Striving target by 2030 Vietnam fulfills the goal of industrialization and modernization. However, to achieve this, we need to have skilled labor professionally trained to be able to compete in international markets. The role of vocational training is to train people for the labor market and meet the needs of the enterprise which plays an important part in promoting economic growth and job creation. Therefore, the cooperation of the business in vocational training and human resource development is extremely important and becoming more and more urgent.