Corrections Practice in the Croatian Online Media: Between Legislation and Tradition

Economic, technological and societal trends have switched the model of (online) journalism so that it is focused on the immediacy and volume that has resulted in a lower level of accuracy. To retain a critical function in a democracy, that model needs a corresponding error correction practice. In this study, we used content analysis to investigate how the Croatian online media correct errors, and how their correction practices differ according to the types of online media. The results demonstrate that errors in action or meaning (N = 217) were 67.8% of all errors, that the most common way of correcting errors was by posting an independent note about an error that was linked to the article (59%, N = 188), and that the correction notes were linked to uncorrected articles in 85.1% (N = 159) of cases. The findings showed that the only statistically significant difference between traditional and online media were the correction labelling practice and the location of the corrections.

The Termination of an Employment Contract Initiated by the Employer’s Will

This article systematically analyses new Labour code rules (regulation from July 2017) and the judicial practice of Lithuania relating to the termination of an employment contract initiated by the employer by employer’s will (Labour Code of the Republic of Lithuania, Article 59). It is important to separate this new background of termination from an ordinary one – the termination of an employment contract by the absence of an employee’s fault (Article 57 of Labour code) – and reveal the theoretical and practical aspects and the conclusions in disclosing the true norm meaning. Employers will be able to terminate an employment agreement without the employees’ fault due to the following reasons (Article 57 of Labour code): employee’s work function is no longer required; employee fails to reach the agreed results of work; employee does not agree to change the terms of their employment agreement, place of work, or working regime; employee does not agree to continue employment after business transfer or a part thereof; employer ceases its activities. New rules, indicated in Article 59 of the Labour code (Termination based on employer’s will), says that if an employer intends to terminate an employment agreement due to other reasons, not listed in Article 57 of Labour code, the employee may be served with a 3 business days’ prior written notice and paid a severance pay of at least 6 average monthly salaries.

Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Pencurian Hewan Ternak Menurut Hukum Adat Masyarakat Kecamatan Alas Kota Madya Manufahi

Theft is related to the possession of other property without the permission of the owner, with various ways and modes of operation. The role of customary law in the settlement of criminal theft (livestock) is the implementation of state duties in combating criminal acts. This is a manifestation of Article 2 paragraph (3) and Article 59 paragraph (4) of the RDTL Constitution. The application of customary law in the Alas District (Posto Administrativo) is a positive response to the high desire of the community about a peaceful and serene life in their environment. Therefore, the term law enforcement is closely related to the idea of the rule of law or legal principles as the supreme power in the rule of law and democracy in East Timor.

The Monetary Gold Principle: A Matter of Submissions

In “The Monetary Gold Principle: Back to Basics,” Zachary Mollengarden and Noam Zamir claim that the well-known principle runs against fundamental ICJ statutory provisions. It would “depart” from Article 36(1), “undermine” Article 62, “import factors external” to Article 59 and “obscure . . . rather than illuminate . . . the relevant rules of law” contrary to Article 38(1). Additionally, the policy considerations upon which the principle is allegedly based—compliance, due process, and legitimacy—would support its abolition, rather than its perpetuation. I argue that the authors’ claims are unpersuasive in relation to Article 36(1) of the ICJ Statute (consent of the parties to adjudication) since they fail to distinguish between having jurisdiction in a case and exercising jurisdiction to decide a claim. The authors also overestimate the role of Article 62 in securing third-party interests, since only intervention as a party, rather than a non-party, is sufficient to overcome the Monetary Gold limitation.

Prisoners’ right to vote in Uganda: Comment on Kalali Steven v Attorney General and the Electoral Commission

Article 59 of the Constitution of Uganda (1995) provides for the right to vote. Although the Constitution does not prohibit prisoners from voting, the Uganda Electoral Commission has never made arrangements for prisoners to vote. On 17 June 2020, in the case of Kalali Steven v Attorney General and the Electoral Commission, the Ugandan High Court held that prisoners and Ugandans in the diaspora have a right to vote and that the Electoral Commission should put in place arrangements for them to vote. Uganda will have elections in 2021. The purpose of this article is to suggest practical ways in which the Electoral Commission can comply with the High Court judgement. It is argued, inter alia, that there is no need for legislation to be enacted or amended to give effect to the High Court judgment.

PELAKSANAAN HAK EKSEKUSI KREDITOR SEPARATIS DALAM KEPAILITAN [Implementation of the Right to Execute Separated Creditors in Bankruptcy]

<p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>This study aims to understand and analyze the implementation of the right to execute of the separated creditors from the perspective of Law on Bankruptcy, and the implementation of the time limitation set by Article 59 paragraph (1) dan (2) Law on Bankruptcy. It was normative legal study, using primary, secondary and tertiary materials. The data were collected by documentation method using the document study tools and was analyzed qualitatively. The study has found that the collateral rights on the property hold by the separated creditors, are considered as bankruptcy estate at the time of the bankruptcy declaration, so the execution implementation is affected by the process of bankruptcy. The separated creditors must have started to implement the rights within no more than two months since the commencement of insolvency. If the execution has been completed, the separated creditors are required to provide the accountability report to curator. If there is remaining after the sale, the separated creditors should hand it over to the curator to be distributed to other creditors. The beginning and completion of the right to execute are firmly stipulated in the Law on Bankruptcy. However, the action of the separated creditors which could be considered as stop or no longer carry out the rights, do not have a definite measurement. In conclusion, 1) the collateral rights on the property hold by the separated creditors, are considered as bankruptcy estate at the time of the bankruptcy declaration, so the execution must be implemented with regard to the Law on Bankruptcy, and 2) the time limitation of the right to execute is not relevant to be set since there is a mechanism to protect the right of concurrent and preferred creditors though the bankruptcy process has been ended.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: The Right to Execute, Separated Creditors, Bankruptcy</em></strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pelaksanaan hak eksekusi kreditor separatis dalam perspektif UU Kepailitan dan PKPU, serta penerapan pembatasan jangka waktu pelaksanaan hak eksekusi kreditor separatis berdasarkan Pasal 59 ayat (1) dan (2) UU Kepailitan dan PKPU. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, dengan menggunakan bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Data dikumpulkan studi kepustakaan, yang kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa objek jaminan kebedaan yang dipegang oleh kreditor separatis merupakan bagian dari harta pailit terhitung sejak putusan pernyataan pailit diucapkan, sehingga pelaksanaan eksekusinya tidak tak terpengaruh proses kepailitan. Kreditor separatis harus sudah mulai dilaksanakan dalam waktu dua bulan sejak insolvensi. Apabila eksekusi telah selesai, maka kreditor separatis wajib memberikan laporan pertanggungjawaban kepada kurator. Jika terdapat sisa hasil penjualan objek jaminan kebendaan, maka bagian tersebut harus diserahkan kepada kurator untuk dibagikan kepada kreditor lainnya. Penentuan mulainya dan selesainya hak eksekusi kreditor separatis diatur secara tegas dalam UU Kepailitan dan PKPU, namun kapan kreditor separatis dianggap berhenti atau tidak lagi melaksanakan haknya, belum memiliki tolok ukur yang pasti. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah: 1) terhitung sejak putusan pernyataan pailit diucapkan, seluruh harta kekayaan debitor termasuk objek jaminan kebendaan yang telah diagunkan secara otomatis menjadi harta pailit, sehingga pelaksanaan eksekusinya wajib dilaksanakan dengan mengindahkan UU Kepailitan dan PKPU, dan 2) pembatasan jangka waktu pelaksanaan hak eksekusi kreditor separatis tidak relevan untuk diatur mengingat sudah ada perlindungan terkait pelunasan piutang bagi kreditor preferen dan kreditor konkuren meskipun kepailitan telah berakhir.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci: Hak Eksekusi, Kreditor Separatis, Kepailitan</strong></p>

Legal extension of the impact bullying in school Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) and Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Hj. Siti Julia Foundation Secanggang village Kabupaten Langkat

In general, the term Bullying is synonymous with acts of violence against children that occur at school. In other words, Bullying is defined as aggressive behavior carried out repeatedly by a person or group of students who have power over other students / students who are weaker with the aim of hurting that person. In Article 1 number 16 of Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Amendment to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Protection of Children, violence is any act against a child which results in physical, psychological, sexual abuse and / or neglect , including threats to commit acts, coercion or deprivation of liberty unlawfully. Based on the provisions in the article above, it can be concluded that bullying is included in the form of violence against children. Considering bullying acts of violence against children, according to the Child Protection Act (UUPA) bullying is a criminal offense. Bullying can be subject to criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment for a maximum of 3 (three) years 6 (six) months and / or a maximum fine of Rp. 72,000,000. On the other hand, BAL also has a civil aspect, namely the granting of rights to victims of violence (bullying) to demand material / in material compensation for perpetrators of violence. This is regulated in Article 71 D paragraph (1) jo Article 59 paragraph (2) letter i of the Law. 35/2014.