Ground Penetrating Radar Algorithm to Sense the Depth of Blood Clot in Microwave Head Imaging

Background: Microwave imaging is one of the emerging non-invasive portable imaging techniques, which uses nonionized radiations to take a detailed view of biological tissues in the microwave frequency range. Brain stroke is an emergency caused by the interruption of the blood supply into parts of brain, leading to the loss of millions of brain cells. Imaging plays a major role in stroke diagnosis for prompt treatment. Objective: This work proposes a computationally efficient algorithm called the GPR algorithm to locate the blood clot with a size of 10 mm in microwave images. Methods: The electromagnetic waves are radiated, and backscattered reflections are received by Antipodal Vivaldi antenna with the parasitic patch (48 mm*21 mm). The received signals are converted to a planar 2D image, and the depth of the blood clot is identified from the B-scan image. The novelty of this work lies in applying the GPR algorithm for the accurate positioning of a blood clot in a multilayered head tissue. Results: The proposed system is effectively demonstrated using a 3D EM simulator and simulated results are verified in a Vector network analyzer (E8363B) with an experimental setup. Conclusion: This an alternative safe imaging modality compared to present imaging systems(CT and MRI)

Aplicação da tecnologia 3D em alimentos de origem animal: revisão

Conhecida popularmente como impressão 3D e o termo bastante mencionado nos meios de comunicação, a prototipagem rápida ou manufatura aditiva é uma tecnologia cuja finalidade inicial era a criação de maquetes e protótipos industriais, mas que com o passar dos anos também visou quebrar paradigmas em outros setores, como no setor alimentício. Estima-se que nos próximos 30 anos, os sistemas alimentares irão enfrentar uma confluência de pressões centradas no acesso à alimentação, nutrição e sustentabilidade dos sistemas agroecológicos, os quais induzirão à profundas mudanças no sistema alimentar. Nesse contexto, a impressão de alimentos tridimensionais (3D) é uma tecnologia que permitirá a transformação do mercado existente, proporcionando assim conveniências, praticidade e até a personalização na fabricação de alimentos diferenciados. Logo, visa-se aqui ressaltar a importância da incrementação de novas tecnologias na indústria de alimentos de origem animal, bem como a visão oportuna da aplicabilidade da impressão 3D em diferentes setores e a explanação dos desafios ainda enfrentadas.

Mass-selective and ice-free cryo-EM protein sample preparation via native electrospray ion-beam deposition

Electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) and single-particle analysis (SPA) have revolutionized structure determination of homogeneous proteins. However, obtaining high-resolution structures from heterogeneous samples remains a major challenge, as the various protein states embedded in thin films of vitreous ice may be classified incorrectly, resulting in detrimental averaging of features. Here we present native electrospray ion-beam deposition (native ES-IBD) for the preparation of extremely high-purity cryo-EM samples, based on mass selection in vacuum. Folded protein ions are generated by native electrospray ionization, mass-filtered, and gently deposited on cryo-EM grids, and subsequently frozen in liquid nitrogen. We demonstrate homogeneous coverage of ice-free cryo-EM grids with mass-selected proteins and protein assemblies. SPA reveals that they remain structurally intact, but variations in secondary and tertiary structure are currently limiting information in 2D classes and 3D EM density maps. Our results show the potential of native ES-IBD to increase the scope and throughput of cryo-EM structure determination.

Estudo comparativo com e sem o uso de prototipagem em 3D de uma técnica não convencional no planejamento cirúrgico de revisão de artroplastia total de quadril

ResumoEste artigo apresenta uma comparação entre dois casos em que havia a necessidade de revisão de artroplastia total de quadril por falha acetabular asséptica. Utilizamos prototipagem em 3D em um dos casos para realizar uma técnica não convencional de moldagem de material de síntese antes do procedimento, com objetivo de avaliar o tempo economizado no transoperatório em casos complexos.

Promising 3D in vitro models for studying tumour heterogeneity and testing novel therapeutic approaches in pancreatic cancer

In this study we produced 3D organotypic cultures and spheroids to mimic the complex microenvironment of pancreatic cancer and to test alternative therapeutic strategies.

3D in vitro model of the pancreatic acino-ductal unit through additive manufacturing technology

This project aims at reproducing the morphology and the composition of the pancreatic acino-ductal unit. More specifically, this work involves the use of additive manufacturing technologies to fabricate a 3D exocrine glandular tissue model that mimics in vitro the physiological structure experienced by cells in vivo.

Drug-induced hepatotoxicity studied in a 3D, in vitro model of the liver

Drug development is a high failure rate process; too many drugs fail during clinical trials because of severe hepatotoxicity. This situation can be significantly improved by redesigning preclinical trials, and privileging the use of high-throughput in vitro models, by combining cell-based in vitro models and material-based models.

Electrostimulation of a 3D in vitro skin model to activate wound healing

The aim of the work is to propose a methodology for the stimulation of a 3D in vitro skin model to activate wound healing. The presented work is in the frame of the national research project, CronXCov, “Checking the CHRONIC to prevent COVID-19”, devoted to understand how physiologic and inflamed skin on chip 3D models evolve upon a range of physical (e.g., electrical, mechanical, optical) stimulations, over time. Thanks to the 3D modelling, using Next Generation Sequencing and the network medicine frame of analysis to process the data, we will systematically characterize the effects of the applied stimuli, offering new insight for the exploitation of wound healing.