Replacement Pressure Parts Consideration for Replace In-Kind, Upgrade or Redesign

One of the largest costs after erection of a boiler is the maintenance cost. Typically these costs are manageable and modest except when replacement of pressure parts is required. When replacing pressure parts in a boiler the owner should take advantage of the opportunity to evaluate the boilers history, mechanical condition and thermal performance. This evaluation is critical as it can benefit the capital replacement cost and the maintenance cost after installation. Solutions can vary from replacement with an exact duplicate, upgrade to improve mechanical reliability, or modifications to improve the thermal performance. After an initial evaluation, further studies into future operating conditions such as cycling of the boiler, fuel changes and other plant modifications can greatly change the recommended replacement. Conducting an evaluation and developing a plan upfront will help support an optimized design and ensure the optimal replacement part is designed and installed. This paper discusses options and considerations to evaluate when developing a replacement plan for pressure parts utilizing current codes and standards.

A Financial Profile Of Cash Generating Firms

The study clearly establishes a financial profile for firms that generate more cash than is necessary for dividends and capital replacement. This profile has implications for corporate managers, portfolio managers, and investors. Data were gathered from 120 firms and statistically analyzed. The cash generating firms were found to have higher systematic risk, and return to total capital, but lower unsystematic risk, price-earnings multiples, financial leverage, and dividend payout than firms in general.

Pinellas County Resource Recovery Facility Capital Replacement Project: One Year of Improved MSW Throughput and Electrical Generation

In May of 2003, the 3,150 TPD Pinellas County Resource Recovery Facility (PCRRF), the largest waste-to-energy plant in the United States, reached its 20-year milestone. The PCRRF is located in St. Petersburg, Florida, on a 705 acre (1.1 square mile) site owned by Pinellas County and known as “Bridgeway Acres”. The PCRRF has been owned by Pinellas County, operated by Wheelabrator Pinellas, Inc. (WPI) and monitored by HDR Engineering, Inc. since its inception. In addition to the PCRRF, the County operates both Class I and Class III landfills on the site.

Pinellas County Resource Recovery Facility Capital Replacement Project

Pinellas County has completed the first two phases of a four-phase project intended to preserve the life of the Pinellas County Resource Recovery Facility (PCRRF) for years to come. This project, called the Capital Replacement Project (CRP), is designed to restore key portions of the County’s investment, and prepare the facility for a smooth transition to a new operating contract when the current term expires in 2007. By the end of 2004, with the scheduled completion of the CRP project, key plant systems and components are expected to be in robust condition and capable of many years of additional service.

RESHAPING THE LANDSCAPE: THE IMPACT AND DIFFUSION OF THE TRACTOR IN AMERICAN AGRICULTURE, 1910–1960

This article analyzes the revolutionary impact the tractor had on rural America and examines the economic, technological, and institutional factors governing the machine's diffusion. Our simultaneous-equation regression model helps decipher the complex relationship between farm scale and diffusion. In addition, analyzing diffusion as a capital replacement problem reveals that the shift to the new technology was far more rapid than what has generally been thought and provides a new perspective on the long co-existence of both horses and tractors on farms.

Pinellas County Resource Recovery Facility Capital Replacement Project: “Securing a Retrofit Investment — A Capital Replacement Initiative”

The Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1990 set new emission standards for Waste-To-Energy (WTE) plants throughout the United States. Pinellas County, Florida, has achieved compliance with the new emission guidelines by completing an Air Pollution Control Retrofit to their Resource Recovery Facility (PCRRF) in 2000. Pinellas County, the owner of the PCRRF, now faces the challenge of preserving this investment for the years to come. This paper describes the additional investments being made by Pinellas County as part of the Capital Replacement Project (CRP) to extend the operating life of PCRRF.