Animal-appropriate housing of ball pythons (Python regius)—Behavior-based evaluation of two types of housing systems

Considering animal welfare, animals should be kept in animal-appropriate and stress-free housing conditions in all circumstances. To assure such conditions, not only basic needs must be met, but also possibilities must be provided that allow animals in captive care to express all species-typical behaviors. Rack housing systems for snakes have become increasingly popular and are widely used; however, from an animal welfare perspective, they are no alternative to furnished terrariums. In this study, we therefore evaluated two types of housing systems for ball pythons (Python regius) by considering the welfare aspect animal behavior. In Part 1 of the study, ball pythons (n = 35) were housed individually in a conventional rack system. The pythons were provided with a hiding place and a water bowl, temperature control was automatic, and the lighting in the room served as indirect illumination. In Part 2 of the study, the same ball pythons, after at least 8 weeks, were housed individually in furnished terrariums. The size of each terrarium was correlated with the body length of each python. The terrariums contained substrate, a hiding place, possibilities for climbing, a water basin for bathing, an elevated basking spot, and living plants. The temperature was controlled automatically, and illumination was provided by a fluorescent tube and a UV lamp. The shown behavior spectrum differed significantly between the two housing systems (p < 0.05). The four behaviors basking, climbing, burrowing, and bathing could only be expressed in the terrarium. Abnormal behaviors that could indicate stereotypies were almost exclusively seen in the rack system. The results show that the housing of ball pythons in a rack system leads to a considerable restriction in species-typical behaviors; thus, the rack system does not meet the requirements for animal-appropriate housing.

Pendampingan Desa Wisata Garongan: Program Kerjasama Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata AMPTA Yogyakarta dengan Kementrian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif

Mentoring of Garongan Tourism Village: Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata AMPTA Yogyakarta Collaboration Program with the Kementrian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif/ Badan Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif. Garongan Tourism Village is one of the developing tourism villages in the Yogyakarta Special Region. Garongan Tourism Village has tourism potential, including natural tourism, cultural tourism, culinary tourism. This village also has an interesting historical background as a former hiding place for thieves (Garong: Java). There are still weaknesses in the management of Garongan Tourism Village and the many tourism potentials that exist, so that this village needs improvement through the tourism village assistance program. This mentoring program results from the collaboration between the Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata AMPTA Yogyakarta and the Kementrian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif/Badan Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif. Mentoring results are measured by indicators of success, showing that the capacity of human resources and governance of the Garongan Tourism Village has increased. This mentoring program also resulted in the achievement of the Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata AMPTA Yogyakarta as the best tourism village mentoring in the top 14 National ranks by the Kementrian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif/Badan Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif.

Animal-appropriate housing of ball pythons (Python regius) — Behavior-based evaluation of two types of housing systems

Considering animal welfare, animals should be kept in animal-appropriate and stress-free housing conditions in all circumstances. To assure such conditions, not only basic needs must be met, but also possibilities must be provided that allow animals in captive care to express all species-typical behaviors. Rack housing systems for snakes have become increasingly popular and are widely used; however, from an animal welfare perspective, they are no alternative to furnished terrariums. In this study, we therefore evaluated two types of housing systems for ball pythons (Python regius) by considering the welfare aspect animal behavior. In Part 1 of the study, ball pythons (n = 35) were housed individually in a conventional rack system. The pythons were provided with a hiding place and a water bowl, temperature control was automatic, and the lighting in the room served as indirect illumination. In Part 2 of the study, the same ball pythons, after at least 8 weeks, were housed individually in furnished terrariums. The size of each terrarium was correlated with the body length of each python. The terrariums contained substrate, a hiding place, possibilities for climbing, a water basin for bathing, an elevated basking spot, and living plants. The temperature was controlled automatically, and illumination was provided by a fluorescent tube and a UV lamp. The shown behavior spectrum differed significantly between the two housing systems (p < 0.05). The four behaviors basking, climbing, burrowing, and bathing could only be expressed in the terrarium. Abnormal behaviors that could indicate stereotypies were almost exclusively seen in the rack system. The results show that the housing of ball pythons in a rack system leads to a considerable restriction in species-typical behaviors; thus, the rack system does not meet the requirements for animal-appropriate housing.

Ma Manigal at the Vennar River Bank

Thanjai Mamani Koil near Thanjavur is a set of three Vishnu temples. The legend of Thanjavur District vennatrankarai Mamani temple states that a sage called Parasara sprayed nectar that he obtained from the ocean of milk in the Manimutha river . Then he built an ashram on the banks of the river and started performing penances and yagnas with other sages. In the vicinity were three demons- Thanjakan, Thandakan and Tharakasura. They had received deadly boons from lord Shiva. They began to create obstacles to the penance. The sage requested them to stop this but the demons would not listen to him. Sage Parasara then approached lord Shiva for protection. Lord Shiva sent Kalidevi to destroy them. However the demons drank the river water which was mixed with the nectar and came alive again. Then the sage approached lord Vishnu. Lord Vishnu took the the avatar of Narasimha (lion headed ) and defeated Thanjaka who took the elephant form. The Lord placed the demon on his lap to kill him when the demon gained wisdom, repented and promised to shed his cruel ways. He also begged the Lord to stay in the place and bless everyone. Hence this place was named as Thanjamapuri. Thandakan hid himself under the earth, after seeing the defeat of Thanjaka. The Lord took the form of Varaha (boar) entered the hiding place and killed the demon. Tharaka was killed by Kali. After the destruction of the three demons, the Lord appeared before sage Parasara as Neelamega Perumal. At this place, the Lord has three names in three separate Hindu temples. In the Veera Narasimha temple, lord Vishnu appears with a discus as Chakrathazhwar. In the Neelamega Perumal temple, Mahalakshmi is found to the left of Lord Narasimha. This Narasimha is also called Valavandhai (right side) Narasimha. It is advised that those of short tempered nature should correct themselves if they wish to have the grace of Mahalakshmi. Vishnu is considered as to be the king of this whole universe and he has the sengol (baton) in his hand. Thaayar Senkamalavalli Nachiyar has a seperate shrine. Outside the Thaayar shrine, there is a pillar, on one side Narasimha is portrayed whereas on the other side Lord Hanuman is found. The vimanam (vehicle) of this temple in India is called Soundarya vimanam.

CRYPT, MAUSOLEUM, CENOTAPH; SEPULCHRE

Sanin-Restrepo’s theory of encryption is taken here as an instance of a practice of critique by allegory; thus the productivity of the theory can be developed and demonstrated by working through the allegorical meanings of encryption, one interpretation of which can choose to focus on the crypt. This allegorical meaning is distinct from symbolic meaning, using Benjamin’s distinction. We focus on the body and the structure, working through the instances of the visibility of the site and the presence or absence of the body. The question of visibility is significant since encryption deals with the hidden: is a crypt, then, a hiding place? We find four combinations: the concealed presence of a body, in a crypt; the publicised presence of a body, in a mausoleum; the publicised absence of a body, in a cenotaph; the concealed absence of a body, in a sepulchre. This four-way combination allows consideration of Agamben, Deleuze, Negri, and a critical Hegelianism that revisits Feuerbach, Stirner and Marx on alienatio, mapping the four metaphors in turn onto these four theoretical positions. This study of the theoretical implications of studying different modes of commemorating the corpse thus exemplifies the re-thinking possible by way of critique by allegory.

Becoming Indivisible in the Age of Cloning: Resistance, Individuality, and Photography in Notre vie dans les forêts

After broaching the topic in two short stories included in the collection Zoo (2006) – “Quand je me sens très fatiguée le soir” and “Mon mari le clone” – Marie Darrieussecq, in her most recent novel Notre vie dans les forêts (2017), returns to the question of clones. In an age when high-tech surveillance and meticulous tracking mechanisms have become the norm, in a world where clones are used as spare parts to prolong one’s life, a group of rebels decides to resist and liberate their cloned halves, only to find out that they are also clones themselves; from their hiding place in a forest, the dying female narrator writes her story in a notebook hoping she will be remembered. This article considers how clones can be said to have a distinct and unique identity by tracing the evolution of the female narrator from clone to individual. It also proposes to read the novel as a powerful series of snapshots that allow the narrator, through her photographic writing, to become her own ghost, as opposed to someone else’s clone.

A Study on Fire Spread and Evacuation Risk of Conduit Combustion in Ceiling Hiding Place

In this study, the ISO 5660 and ISO 5659 combustion tests were conducted with synthetic resin conduits (CD, VE) and metal conduit (ST) used for wiring work in electrical facilities, which can be installed in ceiling concealed places. Then, fire spreading and evacuation risks were analyzed based on the measured data. In the ISO 5660 test, CD of 120.5 MJ/㎡, VE of 81.9 MJ/㎡, and ST of 4.9 MJ/㎡ were measured. In the ISO 5659 test, the CD 1320, VE 731, and ST 102 were measured, and then the maximum smoke densities were measured for CD 605 s, VE 740 s, and ST 1,200 s. In terms of fire spreading and evacuation risk, the CD conduit, VE conduit, and ST conduit were in order. In the fire spreading risk analysis, total heat emission was calculated as 4,820 MJ/㎡, 4,267 MJ/㎡, and 196 MJ/㎡ for CD, VE, and ST, respectively. Evacuation risk analysis shows at transmittance of 89%, CD is 127 s, VE is 35 s, and ST is 969 s. At transmittance of 79%, representing almost invisible concentration, CD is 157 s and VE is 50 s. The CD and VE conduits had a high fire spreading and evacuation risks, while the ST conduit had little effect on fire spreading and evacuation risk.