A Theory of Approximate Reasoning with Type-2 Fuzzy Set

In this paper, an attempt is made to study approximate reasoning based on a Type-2 fuzzy set theory. In the process, we have examined the underlying fuzzy logic structure on which the reasoning is formulated. We have seen that the partial/incomplete/imprecise truth-values of elements of a type-2 fuzzy set under consideration forms a lattice. We propose two new lattice operations which ultimately help us to define a residual and thereby making the structure of truth- values a residuated lattice. We have focused upon two typical rules of inference used mostly in ordinary approximate reasoning methodology based on Type-1 fuzzy set theory. Our proposal is illustrated with typical artificial examples.

Hybrid Fault Diagnosis of Bearings: Adaptive Fuzzy Orthonormal-ARX Robust Feedback Observer

Rolling-element bearings (REBs) make up a class of non-linear rotating machines that can be applied in several activities. Conceding a bearing has complicated and uncertain behavior that exhibits substantial challenges to fault diagnosis. Thus, the offered anomaly-diagnosis algorithm, based on a fuzzy orthonormal-ARX adaptive fuzzy logic-structure feedback observer, is developed. A fuzzy orthonormal-ARX algorithm is presented for non-stationary signal modeling. Next, a robust, stable, reliable, and accurate observer is developed for signal estimation. Therefore, firstly, a classical feedback observer is implemented. To address the robustness drawback found in feedback observers, a multi-structure technique is developed. Furthermore, to generate signal estimation performance and reliability, the fuzzy logic technique is applied to the structure feedback observer. Also, to improve the stability, reliability, and robustness of the fuzzy orthonormal-ARX fuzzy logic-structure feedback observer, an adaptive algorithm is developed. After generating the residual signals, a support vector machine (SVM) is developed for the detection and classification of the bearing fault conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed procedure is validated using two different datasets for single-type fault diagnosis based on the Case Western Reverse University (CWRU) vibration dataset and multi-type fault diagnosis of bearing using the Smart Health Safety Environment (SHSE) Lab acoustic emission dataset. The proposed algorithm increases the classification accuracy from 86% in the SVM-based fuzzy orthonormal-ARX feedback observer to 97.5% in single-type fault and from 80% to 98.3% in the multi-type faults.

Penerapan Logika Fuzzy untuk Pembentukan Sutradara Otonom dalam hal Pencahayaan pada Machinima (Application of Fuzzy Logic to Develop Autonomous Directors for Lighting in Machinima)

Lighting is one of the most important things in the world of cinematography. There are several parameters that must be considered to produce good lighting. There are so many permutations in the lighting arrangement. It causes complexity of the process and there is no simple way to do the calculation. This complexity is compounded by the fact that each director has their own style in lighting arrangements in the film production process.This paper refers to the tabulation of the results of interviews with three movie directors and then the similarities of the three were taken. In this study, a fuzzy logic structure was built with five parameters of lighting arrangement, namely: the situation of the set, the camera's point of view, the installed light intensity, theposition and direction of the camera, and the emotions of the character. This research was conducted using 20 animated movie scenes that were built using Unity. The assessment of the output is done manually by several animated film designers. As a res ult, the designers assess that 80% of the lighting arrangement has been as expected.

Performance Analysis of Non-Identical Master Slave Flip Flops at 65nm Node

This paper presents the performance analysis of the different master slave flip flop reported and comparison of their parameters such as power, area, delay setup time and hold time. To reduce the number of transistor count various logic structure mater slave design have been proposed that results reduction in total area of the flip flop. Advantage and disadvantage of the each flip flop has been discussed. Process corner analysis of all flip flop is also presented at supply voltage of 0.7 volts at 27°C temperature. Percentage reduction in power and speed of operation i.e. frequency are discussed

The logic structure deriving Lorentz transformation

The Lorentz transformation derivation process of three different logics is shown and analyzed and compared. It is found that in the process of deriving the Lorentz transformation, the principle of the invariance of the speed of light can be used as a precondition, also can be a result of a logical reasoning. The different derivation methods of the Lorentz transformation will show different logical structures, giving different revelations, but they have intrinsic consistency, instant space-times uniformity and symmetry.