ecological concept
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2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Aquari Mustikawati

Abstrak Penelitian ini mengungkapkan pandangan ekologi Korrie Layun Rampan sebagai pengarang tiga cerita pendek, yaitu "Teluk Par", Sungai Nyuatan", dan "Madu Lomuq" yang terdapat dalam Antologi Riam. Pandangan tersebut meliputi gambaran dan cara-cara hidup masyarakat berhubungan dengan alam. Masalah yang difokuskan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pandangan ekologi Korrie yang terdapat dalam ketiga cerita pendek tersebut? Metode kualitatif digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah, yaitu dengan cara mendeskripsikan gambaran alam dan cara-cara ekologi masyarakat dalam kehidupan mereka. Dengan menggunakan teori ekokritik sastra, tulisan ini menganalisis pandangan-pandangan Korrie yang terbagi dalam kajian pastoral, apokaliptik, dan etika lingkungan. Hasil penelitian membuktikan/menunjukkan bahwa terdapat  kajian ekologi ssatra yang ditemukan dalam ketiga cerita pendek tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Korrie Layun Rampan adalah pengarang yang memiliki konsep ekologi dalan karya-karyanya.                                                                                         Kata kunci: pandangan, ekologi, Korrie, cerpen  Abstract This study reveals the ecological view of Korrie Layun Rampan as the author of three short stories, of "Teluk Par", Sungai Nyuatan", and "Madu Lomuq" from the Riam Anthology. These views include the description and ways of life of the community in relation to nature. The problem of  this research is how Korrie's ecological views are contained in the three short stories? Qualitative methods are used to solve the problem, by describing the picture of nature and the ecological ways of society in their lives. Using literary ecocritic theory, this paper analyzes Korrie's views are divided into pastoral, apocalyptic, and environmental studies. The results of the research prove/show that there is a literary ecology study found in the three short stories. From the results of the study it can be concluded that Korrie Layun Rampan is an author who has an ecological concept in his works. Keywords: views, ecology, Korrie, shorstories    


2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-59
Author(s):  
Jarosław Antoni Bąbka

The author defines here the concept of competition and presents the mechanism of how competition permeates through schools which act as a habitat for the functioning of young people. Reference is made to the ecological concept of human development by Urie Bronfenbrenner, assumptions of neoliberalism, as well as to over modernity as a stage in development of a society. The author analysed the differences between women and men in terms of evolution and social and cultural attitudes.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Natalya Clark

Abstract In Resolution 2467 (2019), the most recent addition to the Women, Peace and Security (WPS) agenda, the UN Security Council embraced the idea of a ‘survivor-centred approach’ to preventing and responding to conflict-related sexual violence. While this terminology is now widely used in international policy circles, the general lack of critical reflection on the concept of survivor-centrism is striking. Addressing this gap, this interdisciplinary article seeks to demonstrate that a survivor-centred approach, by itself, is too narrow. It utilizes the ecological concept of connectivity—which refers to connections that enable and facilitate vital ecological processes—and repurposes it in a social science context to develop the article's core argument: that survivor-centred discourse marginalizes, or neglects, the fundamental webs of connectivity in which the everyday lives of those who have suffered conflict-related sexual violence are intricately interwoven. The article draws on qualitative interviews with victims/survivors of conflict-related sexual violence in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Colombia and Uganda to empirically develop two particular ‘connectivity critiques’ of survivor-centred discourse, focused on resources and health respectively. Ultimately, it is not advocating the abandonment of a survivor-centred approach, but, rather, a social-ecological reframing of it. It presents connectivity as a new conceptual approach for thinking about and dealing with conflict-related sexual violence.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Andrade Rodriguez ◽  
A. Moya ◽  
R. Jones ◽  
D. J. Miller ◽  
I. R. Cooke

Competitive interactions shape coral assemblages and govern the dynamics of coral ecosystems. Although competition is an ecological concept, the outcomes of competitive interactions are ultimately determined by patterns of gene expression. These patterns are subject to genotypic variation on both sides of any interaction. Such variation is typically treated as “noise”, but it is sometimes possible to identify patterns within it that reveal important hidden factors in an experiment. To incorporate genotypic variation into the investigation of coral competitive interactions, we used RNA-sequencing to study changes in gene expression in a hard coral (Porites cylindrica) resulting from non-contact competition experiment with a soft coral (Lobophytum pauciflorum). Hard coral genotype explained the largest proportion of variation between samples; however, it was also possible to detect gene expression changes in 76 transcripts resulting from interaction with the soft coral. In addition, we found a group of 20 short secreted proteins that were expressed as a coordinated unit in three interacting Porites-Lobophytum pairs. The presence of this secretion response was idiosyncratic in that it could not be predicted based on polyp behaviour, or the genotype of hard or soft coral alone. This study illustrates the significance of individual variation as a determinant of competitive behaviour, and also provides some intriguing glimpses into the molecular mechanisms employed by hard corals competing at a distance.


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