The Hirshhorn Museum Sculpture Garden Plan Designing in Reverse

The article follows the history of the Hirshhorn Museum of Art’s Sculpture Garden in Washington DC and explores the highlights of the proposal that is being considered that will change the present sculpture garden design and layout. There is a summary of sculpture garden design throughout history and a review of the original garden that was designed by Gordon Bundshaft in 1974 and why it was changed by Lester Collins in 1981. It also explores how it has evolved into the present sculpture garden. It discusses the proposed garden design and the critical change the new design will have on the current garden and what are the supposed benefits and criticisms the new plan has caused.

EMAS: Environment Monitoring and Smart Alert System for Internet of Things (IoT)

The emergence of wireless sensor networks has enabled new classes of application for distributed systems that filter into many inter disciplinary fields. In the recent years, wireless technology has come up with great advancements and is supposed to be a great venture for the researchers. The recent advancements open up many significant energy optimization techniques in Internet of Things. The smart systems can now achieve paramount level of control of user comfort while reducing use of energy. Our main purpose is to construct smart Environment Monitoring and Surveillance system (EMAS). The system periodically measures temperature, light and humidity levels of the atmosphere. When a critical change in the environmental variables is detected, the EMAS system can notify the user via text message on their cell phone. Thus, they will be able to act to critical changes as quickly as possible and it may be able to intercept effects of the critical change. Results are obtained in the field tests reasonably ensuring that the proposed EMAS system possess excellent package delivery high power efficiency. The main goal of this paper is to bring more robustness and enhanced features in the wireless environment monitoring system.

Reconstructing Japan's Security

Japan’s post-Cold War security policy displays significant changes compared to the Cold War period. One critical change has been the incorporation of the Japanese military, known as the Self-Defence Force (SDF), as a legitimate and important tool of Japanese post-Cold War security policy practice. It has developed new roles both outside and within the US-Japan alliance to contribute to regional/international security. The question is how the Japanese security policymaking elite has been able to bring about this critical change to the security policy practice in light of the domestic social and legal constraints that have traditionally prevented the expansion of Japan’s security role, in military terms, in regional and international affairs. This research introduces external military crises as an important factor for change in Japanese security policy. It argues that the Japanese security policymaking elite achieved security policy expansion by utilizing external military crises as policy windows, inflating and deflating threat elements to circumvent the constraints and justify the implementation of security policy initiatives. This utility of external military crises to widen the role of the Self-Defence Force (SDF) in shaping Japan’s security priorities, as well as its proactive contribution to regional/ international security are outlined in four key case studies - international peacekeeping in 1992, regional defence in 1997-99, global missions in 2003-05, and collective self-defence in 2014-15.

Chance as a Means of Resistance to the Constitutional Development of the People

The article deals with the definition of the chance as a measure of the strength of resistance to the free development of the people. On the example of the Russian people the author shows how a successive chain of chances can lead to the critical change of the properties of social matter and, as a result, the destruction of the natural basics of the development. One of the forms of the self-organization of the development of the people is the social order. The question of what kind of social order is natural for the people is the most difficult. In the mid-80s of the last century the Russian people began to modernize the socialism they had built. However, at some point in this process of “perestroika” the chance began to dominate. As a result, the process of improving socialism was replaced by the process of building democracy, which, as time shows, for the development of the Russian people is of more random than natural character. In conclusion it is concluded that the chance in the process of the development of the people occurs when the people start to neglect the laws of order.

Lightness induction enhancements and limitations at low frequency modulations across a variety of stimulus contexts

Lightness illusions are often studied under static viewing conditions with figures varying in geometric design, containing different types of perceptual grouping and figure-ground cues. A few studies have explored the perception of lightness induction while modulating lightness illusions continuously in time, where changes in perceived lightness are often linked to the temporal modulation frequency, up to around 2–4 Hz. These findings support the concept of a cut-off frequency for lightness induction. However, another critical change (enhancement) in the magnitude of perceived lightness during slower temporal modulation conditions has not been addressed in previous temporal modulation studies. Moreover, it remains unclear whether this critical change applies to a variety of lightness illusion stimuli, and the degree to which different stimulus configurations can demonstrate enhanced lightness induction in low modulation frequencies. Therefore, we measured lightness induction strength by having participants cancel out any perceived modulation in lightness detected over time within a central target region, while the surrounding context, which ultimately drives the lightness illusion, was viewed in a static state or modulated continuously in time over a low frequency range (0.25–2 Hz). In general, lightness induction decreased as temporal modulation frequency was increased, with the strongest perceived lightness induction occurring at lower modulation frequencies for visual illusions with strong grouping and figure-ground cues. When compared to static viewing conditions, we found that slow continuous surround modulation induces a strong and significant increase in perceived lightness for multiple types of lightness induction stimuli. Stimuli with perceptually ambiguous grouping and figure-ground cues showed weaker effects of slow modulation lightness enhancement. Our results demonstrate that, in addition to the existence of a cut-off frequency, an additional critical temporal modulation frequency of lightness induction exists (0.25–0.5 Hz), which instead maximally enhances lightness induction and seems to be contingent upon the prevalence of figure-ground and grouping organization.

Pembinaan Budaya Literasi Berbasis Android untuk Kemahiran Bahasa Inggris dan Kesantunan Berbahasa

Literacy culture needs to be intensified so that the public does not become prey and does not accept deceptive news that can damage the single diversity order ika. The following are discussions for the purpose of this service activity to be carried out. (1) Communities are more receptive to certain news so that conflict and hostility can easily occur between them. (2) The community does not understand literacy in order to be able to think critically and wisely. (3) The Seroja community has not yet developed android-based literacy to improve English proficiency. (4) Daily conversations need to be reflected. The method of applying this service is a service team that transfers material and practices using Android for five meetings from December 2, 2018 to February 24, 2019. A supporting team that discusses the issue of literacy culture is based on Android, using Android to use and use English applications. for English success skills. In addition, talking about important politeness in everyday life. The results of services for this community are people who are critical, change their mindset, have proficiency, English, and improve understanding of the community of intelligent vocabulary and characters. Therefore, this service is important to enhance the Android-based literacy culture to improve English proficiency and politeness through the character education of the Seroja community in Sagulung District, Batam City.