Objectification Found in High School Girls’ Experience With Dress Code Enforcement

Grounded in objectification theory, this study was conducted to uncover adolescent girls’ experience of dress regulations in US public schools. We conducted in-depth personal interviews with thirteen high school girls to explore internal, interpersonal, and contextual factors that might aggregate or alleviate objectifying conditions. Three overarching thematic categories emerged including (1) dressing as a life skill, (2) experiencing a sexually objectifying environment, (3) coping with the sexually objectifying environment. Eight subthemes captured under these thematic categories depicted how the school dress code is experienced and embodied by adolescent girls in their daily lives. Our findings demonstrated how the methods of school dress code enforcement and sex education promote a sexually objectifying environment in which girls feel physically and psychologically unsafe. Also, the findings of this study revealed that girls experience body shame, self-objectification, and powerlessness through dress code enforcement and sex education in school. Implications are discussed.

Further Inspection: Integrating Housing Code Enforcement and Social Services to Improve Community Health

As a result of working inside homes, city housing inspectors witness hidden and serious threats to public health. However, systems to respond to the range of problems they encounter are lacking. In this study, we describe the impact and enabling environment for integrating a novel Social Service Referral Program within the Inspectional Services Department in Chelsea, MA. To evaluate the first eight months of the program, we used a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from 15 referrals and qualitative interviews with six key informants (inspectors, a case manager, and city leadership). The most common services provided to residents referred by inspectors were for fuel, food, and rent assistance; healthcare; hoarding; and homelessness prevention. Half of referred residents were not receiving other social services. Inspectors reported increased work efficiency and reduced psychological burden because of the program. Interviewees described how quality of life improved not only for referred residents but also for the surrounding neighborhood. A simple referral process that made inspectors’ jobs easier and a trusted, well-connected service provider funded to carry out the work facilitated the program’s uptake and impact. Housing inspectors’ encounters with residents present a unique opportunity to expand the public health impact of housing code enforcement.

A Case Study of Municipal Taxation by Citation

This study examines taxation by citation—local governments using code enforcement and the justice system to raise revenue rather than solely to advance public health and safety. It does so through a detailed case study of Morrow, Riverdale, and Clarkston, three Georgia cities with a history of prolific revenue generation through fines and fees from traffic and other ordinance enforcement. Results suggest taxation by citation is a function of the perceived need for revenue and the ability to realize it through code enforcement. Moreover, the phenomenon may be a matter of systemic incentives. City leaders need not be motivated by simple rapaciousness. They may see fines and fees revenue as the answer to their cities’ problems. Once in effect, the mechanisms necessary for taxation by citation—such as highly efficient court procedures—may stick, becoming business as usual.

Menggagas Peradilan Etik Penyelenggara Negara Di Indonesia

The more complex the problems of state governance are so that corruption, collusion and nepotism are increasingly becoming serious concerns. As for the purpose of this writing is to develop the science of constitutional law in the field of state administration ethics considering the development of an increasingly democratic Indonesian society, demanding an ethical justice system that is effective, efficient, professional, transparent, accountable and reliable for public officials and aims for the rule of law paradigm. law is in line with the rule of ethics paradigm. The type of research used is juridical normative, namely explaining various literatures and / or literature. research results in initiating ethical judiciary for state administrators in Indonesia, due to the increasing number of ethical code enforcement agencies in each branch of power. The Rule of Etich is an instrument that must be implemented for all citizens in the life of the nation and state, in initiating an ethical court in Indonesia it is very urgent. The urgency of establishing an ethical judiciary in Indonesia is due to philosophical factors as reflected in the Pancasila that all five precepts are ethical grounds, juridical factors as regulated in the 1945 Constitution and MPR Decree No.V1 / MPR / 2001, with this juridical foundation, it is clear that the organizers the state is obliged to behave properly. While the sociological factor is the increasing number of ethical code enforcement agencies in each power clump, therefore the consolidation of ethical code enforcement agencies and the establishment of ethical courts is urgent due to the weak adjudication process of the Institute.

Traveling with the Team

This chapter focuses on the lived experience of the wives who travel with their husbands during the MLB season and the unwritten code of conduct that establishes the wives’ subordinate status by ensuring their social invisibility. It describes how the players, sport organizations, and the wives themselves use code work to construct, apply, and reinforce the code, and how couples who question the code—called code busters—can reap negative consequences even when the husband enjoys high-level team status. It discusses the importance of code enforcement as a means of maintaining the husband’s standing among teammates, establishing the expectation that teammates will cover up each other’s sexual activities, including the extramarital relationships of married players. Finally, it explores how traveling wives, who are also expected to keep the men’s secrets, become aware of an implicit competition for their husband’s loyalty.