The Difference in the Case Factor and Its Semantic Effect in the Holy Qur’an: A Semantic Grammatical Study

The Holy Qur'an is revealed by Allah Almighty with miraculous and rhetoric style having various characteristics and features. The inimitability of Qur'anic style may be grasped only after an in-depth analytical study of Quran. During my research, I observed that the diversity of agent by the status is profoundly linked to the polysemy of the Qur'anic verses. Hence the current study identifies some of the wonders of inimitable style of the Holy Qur'an. This article comprises of preface and three sections. The preface contains a brief theoretical study about the agent by the status, the first section is about the diversity between two agents in terms of being the noun and verb. The second section is about the diversity between two agents in terms of their existence while the third section is about the diversity of Agents in terms of Grammatical Structure.

Coexistence of the Social Semantic Effect and Non-Semantic Effect in the Default Mode Network

Neuroimaging studies have found both semantic and non-semantic effects in the default mode network (DMN), leading to an intense debate on the role of the DMN in semantic processes. Four different views have been proposed: 1) The general semantic view holds that the DMN contains several hub regions supporting general semantic processes; 2) the non-semantic view holds that the semantic effects observed in most regions of the DMN (especially the ventral angular gyrus) are confounded by difficulty and do not reflect semantic processing per se; 3) the multifunction view holds that the same areas in the DMN can support both semantic and non-semantic functions; and 4) the multisystem view holds that the DMN contains multiple subnetworks supporting different aspects of semantic processes separately. Using an fMRI experiment, we found that in one of the subnetworks of the DMN, called the social semantic network, all areas showed social semantic activation and difficulty-induced deactivation. The ventral angular gyrus, whose function had been interpreted according to the difficulty effect, showed social semantic activation independent of difficulty. In addition, the distributions of two non-semantic effects, that is, difficulty-induced and task-induced deactivations, showed dissociation in the DMN. Our findings provide two insights into the semantic and non-semantic functions of the DMN, which are consistent with both the multisystem and multifunction views: First, the same areas of the DMN can support both social semantic and non-semantic functions; second, similar to the multiple semantic effects of the DMN, the non-semantic effects also vary across its subsystems.

التنغيم وأثره الدلالي في الحوار القرآني/سورة يوسف نموذجا

This research aims at toning and its semantic effect on the Qur’anic dialogue / Surat Yusuf. The ancient rhetoricians took great care of toning, just as it was of great importance in modern studies when they called it “toning”. And the effect of that on the recipient on the other hand. The research attempted to examine all these questions implicitly and procedurally at the level of theory and practice as it could, and in the field of the analytical procedure, it tried to find applications of the multiple meanings included in the term “toning” in Surat Yusuf, peace be upon him in particular, using all available methods You can clarify the idea, analyze it and reach important research results.

Brand Affiliation Through Curved and Angular Surfaces Using the Example of the Vehicle Front

With visual similarity products can be assigned to a brand. The brand assignment based on shapes has only examined the contours (orientation, proportion and position) of selected elements so far. This paper investigates whether brand affiliation is also related to different surface types (curved and angular). For the investigation the vehicle front was selected. Distinguishable contours and surfaces were selected according to their semantic effect (friendliness, aggressiveness and perceived gender). The contours of the headlights and the lower air intake were determined based on anthropometric investigations (smiling and frowning faces) and were selected to be neutral to existing brands. Comparable semantic effects were found for curved and angular surfaces. Self-made vehicle fronts were designed with these parameters. An online survey was conducted with 150 users. First of all, the effects of the stimulus patterns generated for the factors contour (face) and surface were confirmed in the survey. Then the stimulus patterns were evaluated in pairs regarding their brand affiliation. The results show that brand affiliation can be implemented with contours and surfaces. Furthermore, it was determined that there are two user groups which differ in the evaluation of the brand affiliation.

The Playful Lexicon in the Romance Languages: Prosodic Templates, Onomatopoeia, Reduplication, Clipping, Blending

A lexical item is described as “playful” or “ludic” when it shows evidence of manipulation of the relation that inheres between its form (signifier) and its meaning (signified). The playful lexicon of any given language, therefore, is the sum total of its lexical items that show signs of such manipulation. Linguists have long recognized that the only necessary link between a word’s form and its meaning is the arbitrary social convention that binds them. However, nothing prevents speakers from creating additional, unnecessary and therefore essentially “playful” links, associating forms with meanings in a symbolic, hence non-arbitrary way. This semantic effect is most evident in the case of onomatopoeia, through which the phonetic form of words that designate sounds is designed to be conventionally imitative of the sound. A second group of playful words combines repeated sequences of sounds with meanings that are themselves suggestive of repetition or related concepts such as collectivity, continuity, or actions in sequence, as well as repeated, back-and-forth, or uncontrolled movements, or even, more abstractly, intensity and hesitation. The playfulness of truncated forms such as clips and blends is based on a still more abstract connection between forms and meanings. In the case of clipping, the truncation of the full form of a word triggers a corresponding connotative truncation or diminution of the meaning, that is, a suggestion that the referent is small—either endearingly, humorously, or contemptuously so. In blending, truncation is often accompanied by overlapping, which symbolically highlights the interrelatedness or juxtaposition of the constituents’ individual meanings. Prosodic templates do not constitute a separate category per se; instead, they may play a part in the formation or alteration of words in any of the other categories discussed here.

Speech perception in a second language: Hearing is believing—seeing is not

This study examined the effects of the speaker’s face and accent on second language (L2) speech perception. Forty-two Chinese speakers of English immersed in the L2 environment were instructed to perform a cross-modal semantic judgement task. They saw an Asian or Caucasian face on the screen and heard word pairs in L2 in a native English accent or a Chinese accent, and were asked to judge whether the word pairs were related to each other in meaning or not. Results showed that for words presented in the native accent, there was a semantic effect in both reaction time and accuracy, irrespective of the face shown. For words presented in the non-native accent, the RT data showed a semantic effect, whereas the accuracy revealed a reversed semantic effect. The speed-accuracy trade-off suggests a relatively weak semantic effect. These patterns were not modulated by the faces accompanying the word pairs. These results suggest that the cue of accent plays an important role during bilinguals’ speech perception in L2, such that non-native accent hampers speech perception, even when it matches bilinguals’ first language. In contrast, bilinguals do not seem to depend on the social indexical cue of the face when it is not reliable. The present findings hold implications for the Bilingual Model of Lexical Access (BIMOLA) of bilingual speech perception and the monolingual models of social speech perception.

The propaganda World in the prose of the first half of the 1950s. Persuasivestrategies, conventions, language stereotypes

The world depicted in selected novels of the first half of the 1950s functions as a “semantic effect”, precisely shaped by the propaganda of that period. This world is created by narration in order to present the fulfillment of production goals. As a result, we deal with a new reality in which the characters are portrayed first and foremost as manufacturers. Feelings and emotions and their importance are replaced by labor. New civic and social patterns imposed in the novels are to prove that the socialist system is absolutely positive. In order to obtain this goal, primarily lexemes and language constructions are employed, consolidated and repeated in the texts; language conventions that guarantee the coherence of the model of the propaganda-created world. The world presented in the novels set outside Szczecin is narrowed to merely a few thematic fields that are worth discussing.

Neutralizing Free Choice Items via Maximal Domain Restriction: Farsi -i Indefinites

This paper identifies two types of free choice items (FCIs) in Farsi: yek-i DPs and har -i DPs. Their distribution and interpretation pose a puzzle: yek -i DPs pattern with other existential FCIs, and har -i DPs with other universal FCIs, but both items lose their prototypical FCI behavior when they combine with the accusative marker -ro. The paper shows that the loss of FCI behavior follows from an alternative-based analysis of FCIs (Chierchia 2013) under some assumptions about the semantic effect of -ro. The analysis parallels the explanation for the loss of FCI status of Spanish algunos presented in Alonso-Ovalle & Menéndez-Benito 2011 in that it also relies on the derivation of alternatives that are equivalent to the assertion, hence not excludable.