Derivatív-ügyletek az Iszlám Bankrendszerben : Derivatives in Islamic Bank System

Az iszlám terjedésével egyre nagyobb hangsúlyt kapnak az iszlám bankrendszer sajátosságai az európai pénzügyi szektor számára is. Népszerű tévhit az iszlám bankrendszerrel kapcsolatban, hogy a konvencionális bankrendszerben használt derivatív ügyletek nem jutnak szerephez benne. Ennek a cáfolására mutatjuk be, miként jelennek meg a derivatív ügyletek az iszlám bankrendszerben. Tanulmányunkban elsősorban az opciókra és a swap ügyletekre koncentrálunk. A tanulmány során arra is kitérünk, hogy az iszlám bankrendszerben ezek a megoldások milyen gyakorlati formában jelennek meg a pénzügyi közvetítő rendszerben. The importance of Islamic banking structure in the European financial sector is growing year by year with the spread of Islam. About the Islamic banking system there are several popular biases, the most significant is that this system forbid all kind of derivative structures and this block gave the higher stability of the system. The aim of this paper to show how the derivatives appear in this banking system. The main derivative structures what we will describe are the options and swaps. The paper will show how these instruments appear in practice in the financial intermediary system as well.

Tribalism and Finance

We assess the correlations between tribalism and financial development in 60 countries using data averages from 2000 to 2010. The tribalism index is used to measure tribalism whereas financial development is measured from perspectives of financial intermediary and stock market developments. The long-term finance variable is stock market capitalisation while short-run variable is private and domestic credit. We find that tribalism is negatively correlated with financial development and the magnitude of negativity is higher for financial intermediary development relative to stock market development. The findings are particularly relevant to African and Middle Eastern countries where the scourge of tribalism is most pronounced. JEL: E62, H11, H20, G20, O43

Reexamining Spatiotemporal Disparities of Financial Development in China Based on Functional Data Analysis

Essentially, financial development is a continuous and time-varying process. This paper explicitly accounts for this by introducing functional data analysis to convert discrete observations into a smooth curve in order to represent the continuous process of financial development at the regional level. Regional disparities in financial development in China are reexamined from three dimensions: financial scale enlargement, financial structure adjustment, and financial intermediary efficiency. Disparities are then decomposed using an extended functional Theil index. It is necessary to introduce functional data into the research of financial development level. Through the functional research of China’s financial development level index of three different dimensions, the financial development level can be studied at the level of speed and acceleration, which fills up the research gap. The results imply that (1) the disparity in the level of financial scale enlargement and disparity in velocity and acceleration of financial intermediary efficiency are both statistically significant across regions, while the regional disparity in financial structure adjustment is insignificant, and (2) the downward trends of the total disparity in three dimensions are all dominated by the declining intraregional disparities. Since all 31 provinces have broken the traditional regional division, China does not need to implement region-specific protective policies in strengthening its deepening financial reforms.

Aligning Financial Intermediary Investments with the Paris Agreement

Development finance institutions (DFIs) play a key role in achieving the Paris Agreement’s goal of aligning financial flows with low-emission, climate-resilient development pathways. Many DFIs have committed to aligning their investments with the objectives of the Paris Agreement, but to date, efforts to align DFI investments have primarily focused on direct project financing. Most DFIs channel substantial portions of their finance through financial intermediaries. To be fully aligned with global climate goals, DFIs must also align these “indirect” investments. This paper proposes a robust yet practical approach for development finance institutions to follow to align their investments through financial intermediaries with the goals of the Paris Agreement.

Islamicity Performance Index dan Faktor Determinan Profitabilitas Bank Syariah Di Indonesia

Perbankan merupakan lembaga keuangan yang memiliki peranan dalam sistem keuangan di Indonesia. Fungsi utama sebagai perantara keuangan (financial intermediary) antara pihak-pihak yang memiliki kelebihan dana (surplus) dengan pihak yang kekurangan dana (defisit) serta sebagai lembaga yang berfungsi memperlancar aliran lalu lintas pembayaran. Bank juga disebut sebagai lembaga kepercayaan masyarakat (agent of trust). Salah satunya bank syari’ah. Bank syari’ah menurut Undang-Undang No. 21 tahun 2008 adalah bank yang menjalankan kegiatan usahanya berdasarkan prinsip syariah atau prinsip hukum Islam yang diatur dalam Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Islamicity performance index dan determinan lain seperti intellectual capital, biaya intermediasi, dan financing to deposit ratio terhadap profitabilitas bank syariah di Indonesia periode 2015 sampai 2019. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah laporan keuangan tahunan Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia yang terdaftar di Bank Indonesia periode 2015 sampai 2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling, sehingga diperoleh 7 bank sebagai sampel penelitian. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS Statstics v.23. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa intellectual capital berpengaruh positif terhadap profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia. Sedangkan biaya intermediasi, Islamicity performance index, dan financing to deposit ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia

Principles of Credit Analysis in BUMN/BUMD Banks in Indonesia

The bank's business activities must be carried out in a more administrative nature and prioritize procedural aspects. BUMN / BUMD banks in providing credit to prospective debtors must follow the standards and standard mechanisms that apply within the bank itself or the Standard Operational Procedure (SOP), for that it is then required to comply with standards to arrive at a credit decision. The bank functions as a financial intermediary (intermediary financial) between parties with excess funds (surplus of funds) and parties requiring funds (deficit of funds). The main function of the bank is to mobilize public funds appropriately and quickly channel them to effective and efficient use or investment. A function like this is a "blood flow" for the economy and an increase in the standard of living. Without trust, this function will not work. Credit assessment is an activity carried out by credit analysts to assess whether credit to be given to debtors can be carried out. Assessment for consumptive credit is based only on the amount of salary earned in installments plus interest and the maximum will be determined at the amount of income.