The Complexities of Self-Governance

The first two Parts of this work have responded to two of Hayek’s unsettling claims concerning morality: that, given our moral evolution, we may be unfit for the Open Society; and that the Open Society is so complex as to befuddle attempts at moral justification. Each of these turned out to indeed be pressing problems, yet in both cases the resources of humans in a complex society are richer than Hayek thought. Part III turns to Hayek’s last unsettling thesis, and that which has been the focus of greatest criticism: that our complex Open Society is in many ways beyond human control and governance. This Part considers the dimensions of self-governance (control, setting the institutional framework, and solving strategic dilemmas), and considers the challenges posed by social complexity at the macro, meso, and micro levels.

Heat Release during 3d-Printable Materials Setting and Hardening

The paper presents the experimental data on the cement effect typeon the effects of heat generation during the 3D-printable cement materials’setting and hardening. Materials made on the basis of cements CEMI 42.5 RandCEMI 52.5 R, differing in phase contentC3Ain combination with viscosity modifiers of various compositions,have been studied. To control setting kinetics, a penetrometer test was used, hardening kinetics was evaluated by testing the samples for compressive strength after 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days of hardening. It was found that the useof CEMI 52.5 Rhigh in compositionC3Acauses a significant heating of the mixture already after its setting, which is not observed when using ordinary CEMI 42.5R. The combination of a highly active aluminosilicate modifier with high-strength cement causes a technologically unacceptable reduction in the setting time and open time of mixtures.

Data Privacy, What Still Need Consideration in Online Application System?

This paper aims to conduct an analysis and exploration of matters that still needs to be considered in relation to data privacy in the online application system. This research is still a preliminary study. We conduct research related to data privacy using systematic literature review approach (SLR). Bt using SLR stages, we made a synthesis of 44 publications from Scopus Database Online that were released in the range 2015 - 2019. Based on this study, we found six things points to consider in data privacy, namely security and data protection, user awareness, risk managment, control setting, ethics, and transparency.

A Novel Technique for the Damage Control of Huge Diaphragmatic Injuries

A novel technique for the damage control of big diaphragmatic injuriesPurpose: To evaluate and describe a novel technique for the temporary closure ofmajor diaphragmatic defects not suitable for primary suture in damage control setting.Background: It is an acceptable opinion that all left sided diaphragmatic injuriesshould be repaired, as opposed to right sided where the liver may safely protect thedefect. In most cases the repair of the diaphragm is simple, using non-absorbablesutures. Closure of defects not suitable for primary suture, remains a reallychallenging problem. Up today, there is no adequate solution for prevention of re-protrusion of abdominal contents in a damage control setting.Methods: We report a novel technique suitable for treating diaphragmatic injuries indamage control setting. This method allows a rapid temporary closure of, non-suitablefor primary closure, large diaphragmatic defects and part of the damage controlconcept.Results: Two anesthetized pigs were used in an animal trial to evaluate the feasibilityof the technique. Same size defects were created in both subjects. In the first subject,the defect was closed with a plastic (Bogota) bag. In the second subject, thediaphragmatic defect was covered using a large abdominal pad. In both cases, nochest protrusion was observed after completion of the experiment.Conclusion: We describe a simple new technique for temporary diaphragmatic closurethat might be done as part of damage control. Further investigation will help toinclude it to routine surgical arsenal.

Acute administration of nicotine does not enhance cognitive functions

Chronic smokers often claim that smoking improves their cognitive abilities, such as concentration. However, scientific evidence to support this claim is scarce. Previous studies gave inconclusive results, and some of them had significant methodological flaws. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test whether smoking a single cigarette affects performance across several cognitive domains. It included a group of 22 occasional smokers aged 19–29 years. Attention, working memory, and visuospatial reasoning were assessed using a within-subjects design with a control setting. There were two separate testing sessions two days apart. Half the group started with experimental and the other half with control setting. In the experimental setting, the participants completed the first block of tasks, smoked one cigarette (with a nicotine yield of 0.5 mg), and then completed the second block of tasks. In the control setting, the procedure was the same, except that the participants had a glass of water instead of a cigarette. Repeated measures ANOVA showed no significant effects of cigarette smoking on either reaction time rates or accuracy on any of the three cognitive domains. These results suggest that, at least among young, occasional smokers, smoking does not affect cognition and the claims of its improvement are probably a result of some sort of cognitive bias.

The changes of the purple coneflower’s (Echinacea purpurea L.) herb and radix drug yield under different fertilization conditions

In this research, the purple coneflower’s (Echinacea purpurea L.) nutrient requirement was examined under different fertilization conditions in a small plot experiment. We measured the medicinal plant’s raw and dry herb and root drug mass and drying loss under different fertilization settings and meteorological factors. From the drug’s raw and dry mass perspective, based on the results, in our opinion, the control setting exceeded all nutrient settings’ results in 2016. In 2017 and 2018, the N75P100K150 nutrient setting has the biggest herb yield. As for the root yield, it was also the N75P100K150 setting which produced the biggest yield. The Pearson's correlation test was performed to investigate the connection between the quantity of the raw, the dried herbs, the different nutrient settings and meteorological factors.