Impact and Assessment of Engineered Metallic Nano-oxide on the Growth and Development of Gossypium hirsutum L.

Background: Metallic nano-oxide has been influenced the environment in the past two decades. Their consequences are dreadfully uncertain. The increased graph of their interference suggested many extensive studies in various fields of the environment. The Gossypium hirsutum one of the prime harvest plants in India has been chosen for studying the impacts of metallic nano-oxide on their morphological characters as well as their fresh shoot and root weights. Methods: Study has been done in July 2020 as a randomized triplet. The need for the study was fulfilled by the four different metallic nano-oxides with their five specific concentrations. The metallic nano-oxides were titanium oxide, silver oxide, copper oxide and zinc oxide. The five concentrations 00 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, 80 ppm and 100 ppm were taken from each one of metallic nano-oxide. Result: The zinc oxides treatment gave noteworthy positive growth and development in Gossypium hirsutum from germination to the blossoming time. Conversely, the concentrations of silver oxides were found little toxic for the growth of species. The copper and titanium oxides indicated little diversity in their growth patterns. The germination studies calculated best with titanium oxide treatment. The 80ppm concentration of copper oxide also reported better results at germination in comparison to control.

Preparation of mesoporous silica-based nanocomposites with synergistically antibacterial performance from nano-metal (oxide) and polydopamine

In this work, a novel antibacterial nanocomposite system was developed using mesoporous silica (MSN) as an effective nanocarrier, and the resultant nanocomposites demonstrated remarkable antibacterial performance due to the synergistic effect among nano zinc oxides, silver nanoparticles, and polydopamine (PDA). The successful synthesis of MSN/ZnO@PDA/Ag nanocomposites was confirmed. The physicochemical properties and the morphologies of these nanocomposites were investigated. It was found that the particle size increased along with the evolution of these nanocomposites. Besides, nano zinc oxides were formed in the nanoconfinement channel of mesoporous silica with a particle size about 2 nm, and that of silver nanoparticle was less than 50 nm. In addition, the results revealed that the presence of mesoporous silica could effectively prevent the formation of large-size silver nanoparticles and facilitate their well dispersion. Due to the synergistic effect among nano zinc oxides, silver nanoparticles, and polydopamine, these nanocomposites exhibited remarkable antibacterial performance even at a low concentration of 313 ppm, and the antibacterial mechanism was also elucidated. Therefore, this work provides a facile and controllable approach to preparing synergistically antibacterial nanocomposites, and the remarkable antibacterial performance make them suitable for practical applications.

Enhanced Leaching of Zinc from Zinc-Containing Metallurgical Residues via Microwave Calcium Activation Pretreatment

Given the shortage of zinc resource, the low utilisation efficiency of secondary zinc resource, and the crucial problem that the synchronous dissolution of zinc from different mineral phases, an activation pretreatment method merged with calcium activation and microwave heating approach was proposed to enhance the zinc leaching from complex encapsulated zinc-containing metallurgical residues (ZMR). Results indicated that under the optimal pretreatment conditions, including microwave activation temperature of 400 °C, CaO addition of 25% and activation time of 20 min, the zinc leaching rate reached 91.67%, which was 3.9% higher than that by conventional roasting pretreatment. Meanwhile, microwave heating presents excellent treatment effects, manifested by the zinc leaching rates, all exceeding that of conventional roasting under the same conditions, while the process temperature is decreased by 200 °C. In addition, XRD and SEM-EDS analysis denoted that microwave calcification pretreatment can effectively promote the transformation of the refractory zinc minerals like Zn2SiO4 and ZnFe2O4 into the easily leachable zinc oxides. The distinctive selective heating characteristics of microwave heating strengthened the dissociation of mineral inclusion, and the generated cracks increased the interfacial reaction area and further enhancing the leaching reaction of zinc from ZMR.

Hydroponic Cultured Ginseng Leaves Zinc Oxides Nanocomposite Stabilized with CMC Polymer for Degradation of Hazardous Dyes in Wastewater Treatment

This study demonstrated the synthesis of o-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)-stabilized zinc oxide nanocomposites (ZnO NCs) combined with aqueous leaves extracts of hydroponically cultured ginseng and used as a photocatalyst for the degradation of hazardous dyes, including malachite green (MG), rhodamine B (RB), and congo red (CR) under ultraviolet illumination. Hydroponic ginseng leaves contain bioactive components, namely ginsenoside and natural polyphenol, which prompt ginseng’s biological effect. Besides, the CMC polymer is naturally biodegradable, stabilizes the nanoformation and enhances the solubility of ginsenoside. The hydroponic ginseng leaves zinc oxide CMC nanocomposites (GL–CMC–ZnO NCs) were synthesized using the co-precipitation method and characterized using different analytical methods. The FTIR analysis identified significant phytochemicals in the leaves extracts and cotton-shape morphology observed using FE-TEM analysis. The XRD analysis also determined that the crystallite size was 28 nm. The photocatalyst degraded CR, RB, and MG dyes by approximately 87%, 94%, and 96% within contact times of 10, 20, 25, and 30 min, respectively, when the dye concentration was 15 mg/L. As far as our knowledge, this is the first report on hydroponic ginseng NCs incorporated with the CMC polymer for the degradation of hazardous dyes on wastewater treatment. This study can add significant value to large-scale wastewater treatment.

Facile And Direct Adhesive of Cellulose Substrates Using Inorganic Metal Salt Through Partial Welding

In this study, we describe a method of cellulose substrates bonding through partial dissolution using low dosage of zinc chloride aqueous solvent as an adhesive. The results exhibited that the bonding area of strips was tough without any failure though the mechanical test, shrinks in solvent-diffusion area was the main reason that let to breakage. The study found that shrink phenomena in diffusion area can be avoided on a certain extent by the decrease in dosage of zinc chloride. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometer revealed that the cellulose was partial dissolved and regenerated cellulose filled with the gaps between fibers, providing evidences of the macromolecular interlocking and entangling mechanism for combining strips. Additionally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that a certain amount of zinc oxides was remained in the adhesive strips, demonstrating a difficulty of zinc ions to be completely removed due to their close combination with cellulose chains. This work provides an attractive attempt that partially dissolved cellulose was used as an adhesive, extending the application of cellulose welding and a new concept for bonding cellulose materials.