Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Sosiologi Melalui Model Discovery Learning Berbantuan Media Teka Teki Silang-Puzzle Discovery Education Pada Siswa XI IIS SMA

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi rendahnya hasilAbelajar siswa dalam pembelajaran sosiologi. Rendahnya hasil belajar siswa disebabkan oleh tidak tepatnya strategi pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru, akibatnya siswa tidak fokus dalam belajar. Untuk mengatasi masalah rendah hasil belajar siswa guru menerapkan model discovery learning berbasis media teka-teki silang puzzle discovery education. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa melalui model discovery learning berbasis media teka teki silang puzzle discovery education dalam pembelajaean sosiologi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dengan 2 siklus. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kelas XI IIS 4 SMAN 1 Nan Sabaris Padang Pariaman dilakukan secara daring melalui aplikasi whatsapp. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu lembar observasi, dan catatan lapangan. Untuk melihat peningkatan setiap siklus diolah dengan menggunakan rumus Percentages Correction S=R/Nx 100 pada siklus I naik sebanyak 17% sedangkan pada siklus II naik sebanyak 23%. KUntuk melihat keberhasilan belajar siswa hasil belajar diolah menggunakan rumus (P=F/N) X 100%. Adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa, dari pra tindakan 37%, siklus I 54%, siklus II 77%.

An Atheist Perspective on Self-Esteem and Meaning Making while under Death Awareness

In accordance with Terror Management Theory research, secular beliefs can serve an important role for mitigating existential concerns by providing atheists with a method to attain personal meaning and bolster self-esteem. Although much research has suggested that religious beliefs are powerful defense mechanisms, these effects are limited or reveal more nuanced effects when attempting to explain atheists’ (non)belief structures. The possibility of nonbelief that provides meaning in the “here and now” is reinforced by the importance placed on scientific discovery, education, and social activism by many atheists. Thus, these values and ideologies can, and do, allow for empirically testable claims within a Terror Management framework. Although religious individuals can and largely do use religion as a defense strategy against existential concerns, purely secular ideologies are more effective for atheists providing evidence for a hierarchical approach and individual differences within worldview defenses. Evidence for and implications of these arguments are discussed.

An Atheist Perspective on Self-Esteem and Meaning Making While Under Death Awareness

In accordance with Terror Management Theory research, secular beliefs can serve an important role for mitigating existential concerns by providing atheists with a method to attain personal meaning and bolster self-esteem. Although much research has suggested that religious beliefs are powerful defense mechanisms, these effects are limited or reveal more nuanced effects when attempting to explain atheists’ (non)belief structures. The possibility of nonbelief that provides meaning in the “here and now” is reinforced by the importance placed on scientific discovery, education, and social activism by many atheists. Thus, these values and ideologies can, and do, allow for empirically testable claims within a Terror Management framework. Although religious individuals can and largely do use religion as a defense strategy against existential concerns, purely secular ideologies are more effective for atheists providing evidence for a hierarchical approach and individual differences within worldview defenses. Evidence for and implications of these arguments are discussed.

EFFICIENT PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN THE LOCAL LAW-MAKING PROCESS

Getting the public to participate in the government’s policy reflects a sense of control in democracy. However, constructing a mechanism of participation in legal provisions could be dilemma. It is important to realize that involving citizen in local government decision making particularly in law-making process has a fundamental difficulties; the essence of participation itself (openness and transparency) and the need to be efficient. This essay formulated an effective mechanism of public participation by juxtaposing steps in the local legislative process with the criteria of efficiency. This discussion is trying to encompass citizen participation from the initiation of a policy until it is enacted as a local legislation. Then in the next step, it will assess the elements that constitute an efficient drafting process. This article will consider such factors that are; financial cost; human resources or effort; wasted time; risk of failure; progress. The hypothesis is that not all of the means of public participation are efficient. The ideal notion of public participation put weighs on Local Authorities. What is needed to be underlined in this discussion is, to maximize the advantage of citizen involvement, it is important to look at the sequence where it should be held and what is the content. Moreover, the process of public participation should reflects principles namely: discovery, education, measurement, persuasion and legitimization.

A Knowledge Discovery Education Framework Targeting the Effective Budget Use and Opinion Explorations in Designing Specific High Cost Product

For an R&D institution to design a specific high investment cost product, the budget is usually ‘large but limited’. To allocate such budget on the directions with key potential benefits (e.g., core technologies) requires, at first and at least, a priority over the involved design criteria, as to discover the relevant decision knowledge for a suitable budgeting plan. Such a problem becomes crucial when the designed product is relevant to the security and military sustainability of a nation, e.g., a next generation fighter. This study presents a science education framework that helps to obtain such knowledge and close the opinion gaps. It involves several main tutorial phases to construct and confirm the set of design criteria, to establish a decision hierarchy, to assess the preferential structures of the decision makers (DMs) (individually or on a group basis), and to perform some decision analyses that are designed to identify the homogeneity and heterogeneity of the opinions in the decision group. The entire framework has been applied in a training course hold in a large R&D institution, while after learning the staff successfully applied these knowledge discovery processes (for planning the budget for the fighter design works and for closing the opinion gaps present). With the staffs’ practical exercises, several empirical findings except for the budgeting priority (e.g., the discrimination between ‘more important criteria’ against the less important ones) are also interesting. For some examples (but not limited to these), it is found that the results from using two measures (statistical correlation vs. geometrical cosine similarity) to identify the opinion gaps are almost identical. It is found that DMs’ considerations under various constructs are sometimes consistent, but often hard to be consistent. It is also found that the two methods (degree of divergence (DoD) vs. number of observed subgroups (NSgs)) that are used to understand the opinions’ diversity under the constructs are different. The proposed education framework meets the recent trend of data-driven decision-making, and the teaching materials are also some updates to science education.

Discovery Learning in Primary School: Target Setting

The article considers discovery learning as an effective tool for the formation of universal learning activities by younger schoolchildren: cognitive, regulative, communicative. The questions of the history of the discovery education are described, the most frequently used discovery teaching methods are characterized: “brainstorming” and the synectic method. Variants of discovery learning tasks for younger schoolchildren are suggested.