The type of gastrectomy and modified frailty index as useful predictive indicators for 1-year readmission due to nutritional difficulty in patients who undergo gastrectomy for gastric cancer

Background Patients who undergo gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC) are likely to have nutritional difficulty after surgery. Readmission due to nutritional difficulty is common in such patients. Thus, in this study, we aim to identify the predictive indicators for readmission due to nutritional difficulty in patients who underwent gastrectomy for GC. Methods We retrospectively reviewed surgical outcomes in 516 consecutive patients who underwent gastrectomy for GC. Results The readmission rate within 1 year was 13.8%. Readmission due to nutritional difficulty was observed in 20 patients (3.9%); it was determined as the second leading cause of readmission. Multivariate analysis revealed that the type of gastrectomy and the modified frailty index (mFI) were independent predictive indicators of readmission due to nutritional difficulty. Patients were assigned 1 point for each predictive indicator, and the total points were calculated (point 0, point 1, or point 2). The readmission rates due to nutritional difficulty were 1.2%, 4.7%, and 11.5% in patients with 0, 1, and 2 points, respectively (P = 0.0008). Conclusions The readmission rate due to nutritional difficulty was noted to be high in patients who underwent total or proximal partial gastrectomy with high mFI. Intensive follow-up and nutritional support are needed to reduce readmissions due to nutritional difficulty. Reduced readmission rates can improve patient quality of life and reduce medical costs.

Association of urinary triclosan and methyl-triclosan levels with predictive indicators of cardiovascular disease and obesity in children and adolescents in 2020 (case study: Kerman, Iran)

Background: Exposure of children and adolescents to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) causes the development of non-communicable diseases. Triclosan (TCS) is a fat-soluble antimicrobial agent, and methyl-triclosan (MTCS) is the predominant metabolite of TCS. The increasing use of consumables TCS (toothpaste, mouthwash, personal care products) in human has raised concerns about human health. Methods: The urinary concentrations of TCS and MTCS were measured by GC/MS. Lipid profiles (TG, TC, LDL, and HDL), anthropometric parameters (WC, BMI z-score, and BMI), FBS, SBP, and DBP tests were performed on 79 children and adolescents. Results: Of 79 people included as the study population, 42 subjects (53.16%) were males. Most of the study population as 32 subjects (40.50%) were obese. The mean concentrations of TCS and MTCS in the obese population were 5.47 ± 2.99 and 2.32 ± 1.04 µg/L, respectively. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, the results showed that a one-unit increase in DBP caused a 0.03 units increase in TCS levels in male subjects (P=0.01). A one-unit increase in DBP also caused a 0.02 units increase in MTCS (P=0.001). There was a significant relationship between TCS and HDL (OR=0.90, P=0.005), LDL (OR=1.13, P=0.01), and TG (OR =1.05, P<0.0001). There was also a significant relationship between MTCS and HDL (OR=0.88, P=0.001), LDL (OR=1.03, P=0.009), and TG (OR=1.04, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: According to the results, there is a relationship between TCS, MTCS, and predictive indicators of cardiovascular diseases and obesity.

Predictive Indicators for Necrotizing Enterocolitis With the Presence of Portal Venous Gas and Outcomes of Surgical Interventions

Objectives: Portal venous gas (PVG) was an important clinical sign in stage II or III necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm neonates. Not a proper predictive indicator was found to predict the diseases (NEC with the presence of PVG) up to now. There is a need to put forward predictive indicators and compare the predictive effects among them.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of preterm neonates with NEC-PVG (n = 61) or NEC-non PVG (n = 62) from 2014 to 2021. Predictive indicators were put forward and determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. An analysis of the surgical interventions and their outcomes was performed.Results: The incidence rate of NEC among preterm neonates was 4.99%; surgical and conservative interventions accounted for 20.47 and 75.07%, and the mortality rate was 0.03%. The composition ratio of shock in the NEC-PVG group increased 13.2% (P = 0.029). C-reactive protein, fibrinogen degradation product, and blood glucose had better predictive effects in the predictive indicators (P &lt; 0.05). Intestinal necrosis and subependymal hemorrhage in the outcomes of surgical interventions had a strong relationship with the presence of PVG in NEC II/III (P &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Early and reasonable use of antibiotics, improvement of coagulation function, rectification of acidosis, and decreased blood glucose could cut down the occurrence of the disease (NEC with the presence of PVG). Except for subependymal hemorrhage and intestinal necrosis, NEC with the presence of PVG did not increase the occurrence of other outcomes after surgery.

Discrimination and Violence Due to Diversity of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity: Explanatory Variables

Knowledge of the processes of aggression and victimization in couple relationships cannot be approached through the treatment of single variables. It needs a multidimensional perspective that establishes a web of relationships between variables of different types. The objectives of the present study were: (i) to explore the interrelationships between and interdependence of empathy, moral disengagement, homophobic attitudes, and prejudice as explanatory variables of discrimination and violence towards couples due to gender issues; and (ii) to delimit predictive indicators of the manifestation of aggressive attitudes and prejudices towards homosexual couples. The sample comprised 778 young people of ages 18 to 24 years (M = 19.9; SD = 1.6). Through the use of four instruments, it was found that empathy is a strong protector against homophobic attitudes, while moral disengagement is a predictor of aggressive attitudes towards same-sex couples. The results make it possible to delimit homophobic profiles and obtain predictive indicators that will be key elements in the design of programs and measures to prevent violence towards couples for reasons of gender.

On the nature of Paleozoic oil deposits and their exploratory "reflection" in the geophysical section of the Jurassic layers (southeast of Western Siberia)

Commercial significance of the majority of Western Siberian oil fields is concerned with the Senomanian, Neocomian and, above all, Upper Jurassic horizons. For now, oil fields are at the late development stage and resource potential of the Jurassic horizon is strongly expired. Commercial potential of the pre-Jurassic (Paleozoic) rocks has been brought out throughout all territory of oil and gas province. Extensive work on estimation of the pre-Jurassic rocks oil and gas potential is performed in southeast, in the territory of Tomsk Region, within which 13 hydrocarbon deposits have been discovered in the Paleozoic. Original hypothesis of anomalousness of geophysical and petrophysical characteristics of the Jurassic layers — uniqueness of «indication» the Paleozoic deposits in geophysical parameters of overlaying Mezozoic-Cenozoic section was stated as a foundation of new prospecting criterion for the Paleozoic deposits. The Paleozoic formations are accepted as a complex with its own oil generating potential, which results in upward migration of hydrocarbon fluids. Additionally, downward direction of vertical interstratal hydrocarbon migration from the Jurassic source rocks into the pre-Jurassic complex is brought out. It was accepted as a conception that as in case of upward, so in case of downward fluid migration, processes of superposed epigenesis perform and lead to secondary epigenetic transformations of rocks of transit Jurassic layers, which result in their anomalous geophysical and petrophysical characteristics. This paper analyzes and compares geophysical and petrophysical characteristics of the Jurassic layers of different field types in Tomsk Region: without oil and gas potential in pre-Jurassic section, with commercial inflows from the pre-Jurassic complex and unknown type. Results of exploration electrical resistivity and carbonatization in the Jurassic layers of 200 wells and also spontaneous potential variation, electrical resistivity and natural radioactivity in Bazhenov suite confirm anomalousness of geophysical and petrophysical parameters of Jurassic rocks in case of pre-Jurassic deposits. This paper determines 6 geophysical and petrophysical characteristics of the Jurassic layers as predictive indicators for oil and gas potential estimation in pre-Jurassic section. Efficiency analysis of using predictive indicators for bringing out fields with and without deposits in the pre-Jurassic complex was performed for different prospecting cases in the research territory with account taken of possible complexing of indicators, their rank and actual availability. This paper states preference of indicators complexing. Application of a new prospecting criterion will improve efficiency of searching in new prioritized stratigraphic horizon — the Paleozoic, which contains unconventional oil.

The Type of Gastrectomy and Modified Frailty Index as Useful Predictive Indicators for One-Year Readmission Due to Nutritional Difficulty in Patients Who Undergo Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer.

Background Patients who undergo gastrectomy for gastric cancer are likely to have nutritional difficulty after surgery. Therefore, readmission due to nutritional difficulty is frequently observed in such patients. This study aimed to identify predictive indicators for readmission due to nutritional difficulty in patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods We retrospectively reviewed surgical outcomes in 516 consecutive patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Results The readmission rate within one year was 13.8%. Readmission due to nutritional difficulty was observed in 20 patients (3.9%), and nutritional difficulty was the second leading cause of readmission. Multivariate analysis revealed that the type of gastrectomy and the modified frailty index were independent predictive indicators of readmission due to nutritional difficulty. The readmission rates due to nutritional difficulty were 1.2%, 4.7%, and 11.5% in patients who underwent distal partial gastrectomy and had low modified frailty index, in those who underwent distal partial gastrectomy and had high modified frailty index or those who underwent either proximal partial or total gastrectomy and had low modified frailty index, and in those who underwent either proximal partial or total gastrectomy and had high modified frailty index, respectively (P = 0.0008). Conclusions Because the readmission rate due to nutritional difficulty is high in patients who underwent either total or proximal partial gastrectomy with high modified frailty index, intensive follow-up and nutritional support is needed to reduce readmission due to nutritional difficulty, which can help improve the patients’ quality of life and reduce additional medical costs.