Evolution of the Spatial-Temporal Pattern and Social Performance Evaluation of Community Sports and Fitness Venues in Shanghai

The study of the spatial-temporal pattern and social performance of urban public services is a basic task for achieving urban fairness and justice. Through spatial analysis and social performance evaluation, this study explores the evolution of spatial-temporal patterns and the social performance of community sports and fitness venues in Shanghai from 1982 to 2019. The results show that the construction of Shanghai’s community sports and fitness venues presents the evolution pattern of “urbanization-suburbanization-reurbanization”. The center of construction has always been in the urban area and first moved toward the south and then toward the north. Government investment was the main source of funds for the construction of venues, and social investment has been steadily growing. The number and area of multiple types of venues has increased significantly, including trails, gymnasiums, and courts. The overall service coverage radius of Shanghai’s community sports and fitness venues has been significantly increased, and the regional equality between the core and peripheral areas has been obviously improved. The overall per capita service location entropy has not been significantly improved. The old city center and the peripheral area have always been the low-value areas, and the old city center is surrounded by high-value areas. The “low-high-low” three-circle spatial structure continues to exist, but around the old city center, the scope of the high-value area has expanded markedly. There was a significant optimization of social performance from 1999 to 2009. The social performance of the community sports and fitness venues in urban areas is better than that in suburban areas, but the optimization of social performance in suburban areas is greater than that in urban areas. The above analysis is expected to provide references for rationally arranging urban sports and fitness spaces, enhancing the fairness of urban public services, improving the quality of residents’ lives, and assisting the implementation of the “Healthy China” national strategy.

RESEARCH ON THE HEALTH SYSTEM OF COMMUNITY SPORTS FRAMEWORK BASED ON FUNCTION ORIENTATION

ABSTRACT Introduction: Community sports activities are performed by people in the community environment, using beneficial factors such as sports equipment, facilities, and natural resources in the community to improve their body structure and functions, and their activity participation levels. Objective: The thesis studies how to use the framework and theory of “International Classification of Functions, Disability and Health” and World Health Organization “Community Rehabilitation Guidelines” to construct a sports service system to promote community health. Methods: The thesis uses the theory and methods related to function, disability, and health of the International Classification of Functions, Disability, and Health, and the matrix of the World Health Organization's Community Rehabilitation Guidelines as the framework for community sports activities and integrated development. Results: The development of community sports activity services can improve the physical function and athletic ability of different participants, promote healthy behaviors, improve mental health, and improve happiness. Community sports activities can promote the community's health, rehabilitation, education, career development, and empowerment. The integrated development of community sports activities and community health and rehabilitation activities will build a modern health service system. Conclusions: Use “International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health” to construct a community sports activity framework based on function orientation and overall health. Use the matrix and methods of the World Health Organization's “Community Rehabilitation Guidelines” to promote the integration of sports activities with activities such as health, rehabilitation, education, professional development, and empowerment to achieve inclusive community development and overall community health. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

A-98 Public Misconceptions about Concussion Are Not Improved by Standard Post-Injury Advice

Objective Insufficient public knowledge of concussion is thought to contribute to poor injury recognition and management, particularly in community sports. It is not clear whether such knowledge can be improved by standard post-injury discharge advice. This study determined if a widely used concussion leaflet would improve concussion knowledge in a community sample of adults. Method Prospective, controlled study, with random allocation to advice conditions. One hundred and ninety-nine Australian adults received either concussion (CA, n = 101) or non-concussion advice (NCA, n = 98). All volunteers completed the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey (RoCKAS) on three occasions (baseline, immediately post-advice, and after a one-week delay). Standard scores were derived, including for the 25-item Concussion Knowledge Index. Results A 2 (condition) X 3 (occasion) mixed ANOVA did not find a statistically significant interaction or any main effects on concussion knowledge (p < 0.05). On all three occasions, both groups obtained a RoCKAS total score of ~80% correct; but they also held some key misconceptions about concussion. Conclusions Compared to giving non-concussion information, public knowledge of concussion was not significantly improved by the concussion advice. The leaflet may not have conveyed the information needed to improve test scores, or the baseline performance of the groups could have suppressed the effect. Since correct injury recognition and management relies on community knowledge, alternate means of improving public knowledge of concussion should be explored. Concussion advisories should also be reviewed to ensure they can correct public misconceptions about concussion.

End-to-end SARS-CoV-2 transmission risks in sport: Current evidence and practical recommendations

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused disruption to professional and recreational sports across the world. The SARS-CoV-2 virus can be transmitted by relatively large respiratory droplets that behave ballistically, and exhaled aerosol droplets, which potentially pose a greater risk. This review provides a summary of end-to-end SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk factors for sport and an overview of transmission mechanisms to be considered by all stakeholders. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is greatest indoors, and primarily influenced by the ventilation of the environment and the close proximity of individuals. The SARS-CoV-2 transmission risks outdoors, e.g. via water, and from fomites, appear less than initially thought. Mitigation strategies include good end-to-end scenario planning of activities to optimise physical distancing, face mask wearing and hygiene practice of individuals, the environment and equipment. The identification and removal of infectious individuals should be undertaken by means of the taking of temperature and COVID-19 symptom screening, and the use of diagnostic monitoring tests to identify asymptomatic individuals. Using adequate video footage, data from proximity technology and subject interviews, the identification and isolation of ‘close contacts’ should also be undertaken to limit SARS-CoV-2 transmission within sporting environments and into the wider community. Sports should aim to undertake activities outdoors where possible, given the lower SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk, in comparison to indoor environments.

COMMUNITY IMPACT FOR CLINICALLY INTEGRATED ATC PROGRAM IN A SPORTSMEDICINE PRACTICE

Background: Health Systems routinely make investments in clinically driven outreach programs to build for future community needs, improve health outcomes, and serve their community mission. Many community sports programs have limited access to sports medicine care, including access to athletic trainers. Hypothesis/Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a clinically integrated Certified Athletic Trainer (ATC) Community Sports Outreach Program, by evaluating the outreach into the community, sports clubs, schools, covered events. Methods: The ATC Community Outreach Program monitored key metrics over a 3 and 1/2-year period. Metrics included the partnerships developed with local clubs and schools, number of athletes covered in each organization, games covered and hours spent supporting organizations. Categories were divided into fiscal years (FY) running from September to August. Fiscal Year 2016 was calculated from January – August, as it was the first year of the program. The percentage of growth of the amount of games covered was calculated from the adjacent FY. Results: Over the first 3 and 1/2 years (FY2016-FY2019), the number clubs, schools, programs covered grew from 10, 19, 25, to 31 from FY2016 - FY2019. Number of athletes from 7,363, 12,552, 15,104, to 19,794 from FY2016 - FY2019. The number of community outreach events grew from 6, 11, 57, to 190 from FY2016 - FY2019 (Table/Figure 1.1). The percentage of growth of games covered grew from 183%, 518% to 333% between FY2016 and FY2019. Discussion/Conclusion: Building, maintaining a sports medicine practice is a complex undertaking, and represents a significant investment for the health system and community. In many communities, access to sports medicine care for athletes is very limited. A clinically integrated ATC program can generate a significant impact on the community by building relationships with local sports clubs/schools and improving sports medicine care access to young athletes. Tables/Figures: [Table: see text][Figure: see text]